Renato Bruson (Renato Bruson) |

Renato bruson

Renato Bruzon, m'modzi mwa odziwika bwino ku Italy, amakondwerera kubadwa kwake kwa 2010 mu Januware XNUMX. Kupambana ndi chifundo cha anthu, omwe adatsagana naye kwa zaka zoposa makumi anayi, ndizoyenera. Bruzon, mbadwa ya Este (pafupi ndi Padua, amakhala m'tauni yakwawo mpaka lero), amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri za Verdi baritones. Nabucco wake, Charles V, Macbeth, Rigoletto, Simon Boccanegra, Rodrigo, Iago ndi Falstaff ndi angwiro ndipo adutsa kumalo a nthano. Anapereka chithandizo chosaiwalika ku Donizetti-Renaissance ndipo amapereka chidwi chachikulu pakuchita kwa chipinda.

Renato Bruzon ndi wodziwika bwino kwambiri woyimba. Amatchedwa "belkantist" wamkulu wa nthawi yathu. Timbre ya Bruzon imatha kuonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri zamtundu wazaka zapitazi. Kapangidwe kake ka mawu kumasiyanitsidwa ndi kufewa kosaneneka, ndipo mawu ake akuwonetsa ntchito yosatha komanso chikondi chaungwiro. Koma chomwe chimapangitsa Bruzon Bruzon ndi chomwe chimamusiyanitsa ndi mawu ena akuluakulu - katchulidwe kake kapamwamba komanso kukongola kwake. Bruzon adalengedwa kuti aziphatikiza pa sitejiyi ziwerengero za mafumu ndi agalu, marquises ndi zida: ndipo mu mbiri yake ndi Emperor Charles wachisanu ku Hernani ndi King Alfonso mu The Favorite, Doge Francesco Foscari mu The Two Foscari ndi Doge Simon Boccanegra. mu opera ya dzina lomwelo, a Marquis Rodrigo di Posa ku Don Carlos, osatchulapo Nabucco ndi Macbeth. Renato Bruzon adadziwonetsanso ngati wosewera wokhoza komanso wokhudza mtima, wokhoza "kutulutsa" misozi kuchokera kwa otsutsa olemekezeka mu "Simon Boccanegre" kapena kuseka zosatheka pa udindo wa "Falstaff". Ndipo komabe Bruzon amapanga zaluso zenizeni ndipo amapereka chisangalalo chenicheni koposa zonse ndi mawu ake: pasty, kuzungulira, yunifolomu pamitundu yonse. Mutha kutseka maso anu kapena kuyang'ana kutali ndi siteji: Nabucco ndi Macbeth adzawonekera pamaso panu amkati ngati amoyo, chifukwa cha kuyimba kokha.

Bruzon anaphunzira ku Padua kwawo. kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wake unachitika mu 1961, pamene woimbayo anali ndi zaka makumi atatu, pa Experimental Opera House ku Spoleto, amene anapereka m'malo kwa oimba ambiri achinyamata, mu imodzi mwa maudindo Verdi "wopatulika": Count di Luna mu Il trovatore. Ntchito ya Bruson inali yofulumira komanso yosangalatsa: kale mu 1968 adayimba pa Metropolitan Opera ku New York mofanana ndi Luna ndi Enrico ku Lucia di Lammermoor. Patatha zaka zitatu, Bruzon adafika pa siteji ya La Scala, komwe adasewera Antonio ku Linda di Chamouni. Olemba awiri, kutanthauzira kwa nyimbo zomwe adapereka moyo wake, Donizetti ndi Verdi, adasankha mwamsanga, koma Bruzon adapambana kutchuka kosatha monga Verdi baritone, atadutsa zaka makumi anayi. Gawo loyamba la ntchito yake linali loperekedwa kwa ma recitals ndi masewero a Donizetti.

Mndandanda wa ma opera a Donizetti mu "mbiri" yake ndi yodabwitsa mu kuchuluka kwake: Belisarius, Caterina Cornaro, Duke wa Alba, Fausta, Favorite, Gemma di Vergi, Polyeuctus ndi French version "Martyrs", "Linda di Chamouni", "Linda di Chamouni", "Lucia di Lammermoor", "Maria di Rogan". Kuphatikiza apo, Bruzon adachita zisudzo ndi Gluck, Mozart, Sacchini, Spontini, Bellini, Bizet, Gounod, Massenet, Mascagni, Leoncavallo, Puccini, Giordano, Pizzetti, Wagner ndi Richard Strauss, Menotti, komanso adayimba mu Eugene Onegin ya Tchaikovsky ndi "Eugene Onegin". Kukwatilana m'nyumba ya amonke" ndi Prokofiev. Opera yosowa kwambiri m'mbiri yake ndi Haydn's The Desert Island. Kwa maudindo a Verdi, omwe tsopano ali chizindikiro, Bruzon adayandikira pang'onopang'ono komanso mwachibadwa. M'zaka za m'ma XNUMX, inali nyimbo yokongola kwambiri, yokhala ndi mtundu wopepuka, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri, pafupifupi "A" mumtundu. Nyimbo zapamwamba za Donizetti ndi Bellini (anayimba kwambiri mu Puritani) zimagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chake monga "belcantista". M'zaka za m'ma makumi asanu ndi awiri, inali nthawi ya Charles the Fifth ku Verdi's Hernani: Bruzon amaonedwa kuti ndi wochita bwino kwambiri pa ntchitoyi mu theka lapitalo. Ena akanatha kuyimba bwino monga momwe adachitira, koma palibe amene adakwanitsa kutengera unyamata wachichepere pa siteji ngati iye. Pamene adayandikira kukhwima, umunthu ndi luso, mawu a Bruson adakhala amphamvu m'kaundula wapakati, adatenga mtundu wodabwitsa kwambiri. Kuchita kokha mu zisudzo Donizetti, Bruzon sakanakhoza kupanga ntchito yeniyeni padziko lonse. Dziko la opera likuyembekezeka kuchokera kwa iye Macbeth, Rigoletto, Iago.

Kusintha kwa Bruzon kupita ku gulu la Verdi baritone sikunali kophweka. Oimba a verist, omwe ali ndi "Scream arias" otchuka, okondedwa ndi anthu, adakhudza kwambiri momwe ma opera a Verdi amachitira. Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX mpaka m'ma XNUMX, bwalo la opera linali lolamuliridwa ndi ma baritones omveka bwino, omwe kuimba kwawo kunali ngati kukukuta kwa mano. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa Scarpia ndi Rigoletto kunaiwalika kwathunthu, ndipo m'maganizo a anthu, kuimba mokweza kwambiri, "wouma khosi" mu mzimu wa verist kunali koyenera kwa anthu a Verdi. Ngakhale kuti Verdi baritone, ngakhale liwu ili likuyitanidwa kuti lifotokoze anthu oipa, silitaya kudziletsa ndi chisomo. Renato Bruzon adayamba ntchito yobwezeretsa otchulidwa a Verdi kuti awonekere poyambira. Anakakamiza omvera kuti amvetsere mawu ake owoneka bwino, kumveka bwino, kulingalira za kulondola kwa stylistic mogwirizana ndi masewero a Verdi, okondedwa mpaka misala ndi "kuimba" mopanda kuzindikira.

Rigoletto Bruzona alibe caricature, vulgarity ndi njira zabodza. Ulemu wobadwa nawo womwe umadziwika ndi Padua baritone m'moyo komanso pa siteji umakhala chizindikiro cha ngwazi yoyipa komanso yovutikira ya Verdi. Rigoletto wake akuwoneka kuti ndi wolemekezeka, pazifukwa zosadziwika zomwe zimakakamizika kukhala motsatira malamulo a chikhalidwe chosiyana. Bruzon amavala chovala chotsitsimutsa ngati chovala chamakono ndipo samagogomezera kulemala kwa buffoon. Ndi kangati munthu amamva oimba, ngakhale otchuka, akuyamba kukuwa, pafupifupi kubwerezabwereza mwachidwi, kukakamiza mawu awo! Monga nthawi zambiri zikuwoneka kuti zonsezi zikugwira ntchito kwa Rigoletto. Koma kuyesetsa, kutopa chifukwa cha sewero lachidule kwambiri kuli kutali ndi Renato Bruzon. Amatsogolera nyimbo mwachikondi m'malo mofuula, ndipo satembenukira konse kubwereza popanda chifukwa choyenera. Amafotokoza momveka bwino kuti kumbuyo kwa mawu osimidwa a abambo omwe akufuna kuti mwana wake wamkazi abwerere, pali kuzunzika kopanda malire, komwe kumatha kuperekedwa ndi mawu osamveka bwino, motsogozedwa ndi kupuma.

Mutu wosiyana mu ntchito yayitali komanso yaulemerero ya Bruzon mosakayikira ndi Verdi's Simon Boccanegra. Iyi ndi opera "yovuta" yomwe siili ya zolengedwa zodziwika bwino za Busset. Bruson adawonetsa chikondi chapadera pa ntchitoyi, adayichita maulendo mazana atatu. Mu 1976 adayimba Simon kwa nthawi yoyamba ku Teatro Regio ku Parma (omwe omvera ake amakhala ovuta kwambiri). Otsutsa omwe anali muholoyo adalankhula mokondwera za momwe adasewera mu opera yovuta komanso yosatchuka iyi ya Verdi: "Woyang'anira wamkulu anali Renato Bruzon ... . Koma sindinkaganiza kuti Bruzon, monga wosewera, akanakhoza kukwaniritsa mtundu wa ungwiro kuti anasonyeza mu zochitika zake ndi Amelia. Analidi galu ndi tate, wokongola ndi wolemekezeka kwambiri, ndi mawu ododometsedwa ndi zowawa ndi nkhope yonjenjemera ndi kuzunzika. Ndiyeno ndinati kwa Bruzon ndi wotsogolera Riccardo Chailly (panthaŵiyo): “Munandilira. Ndipo mulibe manyazi? Mawu awa ndi a Rodolfo Celletti, ndipo safunikira mawu oyamba.

Udindo waukulu wa Renato Bruzon ndi Falstaff. Munthu wonenepa wa Shakespearean adatsagana ndi baritone kuchokera ku Padua kwa zaka makumi awiri ndendende: adayamba ntchito yake mu 1982 ku Los Angeles, atayitanidwa ndi Carlo Maria Giulini. Kuwerenga ndi kuganiza kwa maola ambiri pa zolemba za Shakespearean komanso makalata a Verdi ndi Boito kunabala khalidwe lodabwitsali komanso lodzaza ndi chithumwa chachinyengo. Bruzon anayenera kubadwanso mwakuthupi: kwa maola ochuluka anayenda ndi mimba yabodza, kufunafuna njira yosakhazikika ya Sir John, wonyengerera wokhwima wokhutitsidwa ndi chilakolako cha vinyo wabwino. Falstaff Bruzona adakhala njonda yeniyeni yemwe sali panjira ndi anthu oipa monga Bardolph ndi Pistol, ndipo amawalekerera mozungulira chifukwa chakuti sangakwanitse kupeza masamba panthawiyi. Uwu ndi "bwana" woona, yemwe khalidwe lake lachilengedwe limasonyeza bwino mizu yake yolemekezeka, ndipo kudzidalira kwake kodekha sikufuna kukweza mawu. Ngakhale kuti tikudziwa bwino kuti kutanthauzira kodabwitsa kotereku kumachokera ku ntchito yolimba, osati zochitika za umunthu wa munthu ndi wojambula, Renato Bruzon akuwoneka kuti anabadwira mu malaya amafuta a Falstaff ndi zovala zake ngati tambala. Ndipo komabe, mu udindo wa Falstaff, Bruson amatha kuyimba bwino komanso mosalakwitsa ndipo sanaperekepo ngakhale kamodzi. Kuseka mu holo sikuchitika chifukwa chochita (ngakhale kuti Falstaff ndi yokongola, ndipo kumasulira kwake ndi koyambirira), koma chifukwa cha dala mawu, kufotokoza momveka bwino komanso kutanthauzira momveka bwino. Monga nthawi zonse, ndizokwanira kumva Bruson kuti aganizire za munthuyo.

Renato Bruzon mwina ndiye "wolemekezeka" womaliza wazaka za zana la makumi awiri. Pa siteji yamakono ya opera ya ku Italy pali eni ake ambiri amtundu uwu wa mawu omwe ali ndi maphunziro apamwamba komanso mawu omwe amawombera ngati tsamba: ndikwanira kutchula mayina a Antonio Salvadori, Carlo Guelfi, Vittorio Vitelli. Koma pankhani ya olemekezeka ndi kukongola, palibe mmodzi wa iwo wofanana Renato Bruzon. Baritone yochokera ku Este si nyenyezi, koma wotanthauzira, wopambana, koma wopanda phokoso lambiri komanso lonyansa. Zokonda zake ndizokulirapo ndipo nyimbo zake sizimangokhalira ma opera. Mfundo yakuti Bruzon ndi Chitaliyana pamlingo wina "adamuweruza" kuti azichita mu repertoire ya dziko. Kuphatikiza apo, ku Italy, pali chikhumbo chonse cha opera, komanso chidwi mwaulemu pamakonsati. Komabe, Renato Bruzon amasangalala ndi kutchuka koyenera monga woimba m'chipinda. Munkhani ina, amaimba mu oratorios ndi ma opera a Wagner, ndipo mwina amayang'ana kwambiri mtundu wa Lieder.

Renato Bruzon sanadzilole kutembenuza maso ake, "kulavulira" nyimbo ndikukhala pamanoti ochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidalembedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, "Grand seigneur" wa opera adapindula ndi moyo wautali wa kulenga: pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi awiri, adayimba bwino Germont ku Vienna Opera, kusonyeza zodabwitsa za luso ndi kupuma. Pambuyo pa kutanthauzira kwake kwa anthu a Donizetti ndi Verdi, palibe amene angakhoze kuchita maudindowa popanda kulemekeza ulemu wachibadwa ndi makhalidwe apadera a liwu la baritone kuchokera ku Este.