Wotchedwa Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky |

Wotchedwa Dmitry Kabalevsky

Pali anthu amene chisonkhezero chawo pa moyo wa anthu chimaposa ntchito zawo zaukatswiri. Ameneyo anali D. Kabalevsky - nyimbo zachikale za Soviet, munthu wamkulu wa anthu, mphunzitsi ndi mphunzitsi wapadera. Kuti tiyerekeze kukula kwa masomphenya a wolembayo ndi kukula kwa talente ya Kabalevsky, ndikwanira kutchula ntchito zake monga "The Taras Family" ndi "Cola Breugnon"; Symphony Yachiwiri (zolemba zokondedwa za wochititsa wamkulu A. Toscanini); sonatas ndi ma preludes 24 a piyano (ophatikizidwa mu repertoire ya oyimba piyano akulu kwambiri a nthawi yathu); Requiem pa mavesi a R. Rozhdestvensky (ochitidwa m'malo ochitirako makonsati m'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi); atatu otchuka a concertos "achinyamata" (Violin, Cello, Piano Yachitatu); cantata “Nyimbo Yam’maŵa, Kasupe ndi Mtendere”; "Don Quixote Serenade"; nyimbo "Dziko Lathu", "Zaka za Sukulu" ...

Luso lanyimbo la woyimba mtsogolo linawonekera mochedwa. Ali ndi zaka 8, Mitya anaphunzitsidwa kuimba limba, koma posakhalitsa anapandukira masewera otopetsa omwe adakakamizika kusewera, ndipo adatulutsidwa m'kalasi ... mpaka zaka 14! Ndipo pokhapokha, wina anganene, pamayendedwe a moyo watsopano - Okutobala adakwaniritsidwa! - adakonda nyimbo komanso kuphulika kodabwitsa kwa mphamvu yolenga: mu zaka 6, Kabalevsky wamng'ono adatha kumaliza sukulu ya nyimbo, koleji ndikulowa ku Moscow Conservatory nthawi imodzi kumagulu a 2 - zolemba ndi piyano.

Kabalevsky analemba pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya nyimbo, analemba 4 symphonies, 5 operas, operetta, instrumental concertos, quartets, cantatas, mawu ozungulira nyimbo zochokera ndakatulo za V. Shakespeare, O. Tumanyan, S. Marshak, E. Dolmatovsky, nyimbo zopanga zisudzo ndi makanema, zidutswa za piyano ndi nyimbo zambiri. Kabalevsky adapereka masamba ambiri a zolemba zake pamutu waunyamata. Zithunzi za ubwana ndi unyamata zimalowa m'magulu ake akuluakulu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala "otchulidwa" a nyimbo zake, osatchula nyimbo ndi zidutswa za piyano zomwe zinalembedwa makamaka kwa ana, zomwe woimbayo anayamba kuzilemba kale m'zaka zoyambirira za ntchito yake yolenga. . Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zokambirana zake zoyamba za nyimbo ndi ana zidabwereranso, zomwe pambuyo pake zidayankhidwa kwambiri ndi anthu. Atayamba kukambirana nawo mumsasa wa apainiya wa Artek nkhondo isanayambe, a Kabalevsky m’zaka zaposachedwapa ankawaphunzitsanso m’sukulu za ku Moscow. Zinajambulidwa pawailesi, zinatulutsidwa m’marekodi, ndipo Central Televizioni inazipangitsa kupezeka kwa anthu onse. Pambuyo pake adalembedwa m'mabuku "Za anamgumi atatu ndi zina zambiri", "Momwe mungauze ana za nyimbo", "Anzanu".

Kwa zaka zambiri, Kabalevsky adalankhula mosindikizidwa komanso poyera motsutsana ndi kupeputsa maphunziro okongoletsa a m'badwo wachichepere, ndipo adalimbikitsa mwachidwi zomwe okonda maphunziro apamwamba aukadaulo. Iye anatsogolera ntchito pa zokongoletsa maphunziro a ana ndi achinyamata mu Union of Composers wa USSR ndi Academy of Pedagogical Sciences wa USSR; monga wachiwiri kwa Supreme Soviet ya USSR analankhula za nkhani zimenezi pa magawo. Ulamuliro wapamwamba wa Kabalevsky pankhani ya maphunziro okongoletsa achichepere adayamikiridwa ndi gulu lanyimbo ndi maphunziro akunja, adasankhidwa kukhala wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa International Society for Musical Education (ISME), kenako adakhala purezidenti wake wolemekezeka.

Kabalevsky adawona lingaliro lanyimbo ndi maphunziro a maphunziro anyimbo omwe adalenga komanso pulogalamu yanyimbo yasukulu yamaphunziro wamba yozikidwa pa izo, cholinga chachikulu chomwe chinali kukopa ana ndi nyimbo, kubweretsa luso lokongola ili pafupi ndi iwo, lodzala ndi osawerengeka. mwayi wolemeretsa uzimu wa munthu. Kuyesa dongosolo lake, mu 1973 anayamba kugwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi nyimbo pa 209 Moscow sekondale. Kuyesera kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, komwe adachita nthawi imodzi ndi gulu la aphunzitsi amalingaliro ofanana omwe amagwira ntchito m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya dzikolo, adalungamitsidwa bwino kwambiri. Masukulu a RSFSR tsopano akugwira ntchito molingana ndi pulogalamu ya Kabalevsky, akuigwiritsa ntchito mwaluso m'maiko a Union, komanso aphunzitsi akunja amasangalala nawo.

O. Balzac anati: “Sikokwanira kukhala mwamuna chabe, uyenera kukhala dongosolo.” Ngati mlembi wa "Human Comedy" wosakhoza kufa amaganizira za umodzi wa zokhumba za kulenga za munthu, kugonjera kwawo ku lingaliro limodzi lakuya, chithunzithunzi cha lingaliro ili ndi mphamvu zonse za luntha lamphamvu, ndiye kuti Kabalevsky mosakayikira ndi wa mtundu uwu wa " ndondomeko ya anthu." Moyo wake wonse - nyimbo, mawu ndi zochita adatsimikizira chowonadi: chokongola chimadzutsa zabwino - adafesa zabwino izi ndikuzikulitsa m'miyoyo ya anthu.

G. Pozhidaev