Ruggero Leoncavallo |

Ruggero Leoncavallo

“… Bambo anga anali pulezidenti wa Khoti Loona za milandu, amayi anga anali mwana wamkazi wa wojambula wotchuka wa ku Neapolitan. Ndinayamba kuphunzira nyimbo ku Naples ndipo ndili ndi zaka 8 ndinalowa mu Conservatory, ndili ndi zaka 16 ndinalandira dipuloma ya maestro, pulofesa wanga woimba anali Serrao, wa piano Chesi. Pa mayeso omaliza adachita cantata yanga. Kenako ndinalowa mu Faculty of Philology pa yunivesite ya Bologna kuti ndiwonjezere chidziwitso changa. Ndinaphunzira ndi wolemba ndakatulo wa ku Italy dzina lake Giosuè Caroucci, ndipo ndili ndi zaka 20 ndinalandira digiri ya udokotala ya mabuku. Kenako ndinapita ku Egypt kukacheza ndi amalume anga, omwe anali woimba pabwalo lamilandu. Nkhondo yadzidzidzi ndi kulandidwa kwa Aigupto ndi a British zinasokoneza malingaliro anga onse. Popanda khobiri m’thumba mwanga, nditavala diresi lachiarabu, sindinatuluke mu Igupto mpaka kukafika ku Marseille, kumene kuyendayenda kwanga kunayambira. Ndidapereka maphunziro anyimbo, omwe amachitidwa m'malesitilanti a chantany, ndikulemba nyimbo za ma soubrette m'maholo oimba, "R. Leoncavallo analemba za iye mwini.

Ndipo potsiriza, zabwino zonse. Wolembayo abwerera kudziko lakwawo ndipo alipo pa kupambana kwa P. Mascagni's Rustic Honor. Seweroli linasankha tsogolo la Leoncavallo: amakulitsa chikhumbo chofuna kulemba zisudzo zokha komanso kalembedwe katsopano. Nthawi yomweyo chiwembu chinabwera m'maganizo: kubereka mu mawonekedwe opangira zochitika zoopsa za moyo, zomwe adaziwona ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu: valet wa abambo ake adakondana ndi wochita masewero oyendayenda, yemwe mwamuna wake, atagwira okonda, adapha mkazi wake. ndi seducer. Zinatengera Leoncavallo miyezi isanu yokha kuti alembe libretto ndikugoletsa Pagliacci. Opera inachitikira ku Milan mu 1892 motsogoleredwa ndi A. Toscanini wamng'ono. Kupambana kunali kwakukulu. "Pagliacci" adawonekera nthawi yomweyo pamagawo onse aku Europe. Operayo idayamba kuchitidwa madzulo omwewo monga Mascagni's Rural Honor, motero zikuwonetsa gulu lachipambano laukadaulo watsopano waluso - verismo. Mawu oyamba a opera Pagliacci adalengezedwa Manifesto of Verism. Monga otsutsa adanena, kupambana kwa opera kunali makamaka chifukwa chakuti wolembayo anali ndi talente yodziwika bwino. Libretto ya Pajatsev, yolembedwa ndi iyemwini, ndiyofupika kwambiri, yosunthika, yosiyana, ndipo zilembo za otchulidwawo zafotokozedwa mumpumulo. Ndipo zonse zowoneka bwino zisudzo zimaphatikizidwa ndi nyimbo zosaiŵalika, zomasuka m'maganizo. M'malo mwa ma arias otalikirapo, Leoncavallo amapereka ma ariosos amphamvu kwambiri omwe opera yaku Italy samayidziwa.

Pambuyo pa The Pagliacians, wolembayo adalenga ma opera ena 19, koma palibe amene adachita bwino monga woyamba. Leoncavallo analemba m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana: ali ndi masewero a mbiri yakale ("Roland ku Berlin" - 1904, "Medici" - 1888), masoka ochititsa chidwi ("Gypsies", potengera ndakatulo ya A. Pushkin - 1912), zisudzo zoseketsa ("Maya "- 1910), operettas ("Malbrook" - 1910, "Queen of the Roses" - 1912, "The First Kiss" - post. 1923, etc.) ndipo, ndithudi, verist operas ("La Boheme" - 1896 ndi "Zaza" - 1900).

Kuwonjezera pa ntchito za mtundu wa opera, Leoncavallo analemba ntchito za symphonic, zidutswa za piyano, zachikondi, ndi nyimbo. Koma "Pagliacci" yekha akupitirizabe bwinobwino kupita pa siteji opera wa dziko lonse.

M. Dvorkina