Russian zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri gitala: mbali ya chida, mbiri, mitundu, kusewera njira

Gitala wa zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi chida chodulira chomwe chimasiyana ndi kapangidwe kachikale ka zingwe 6. Chingwe cha Russian chachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi nyimbo zabwino kwambiri zotsatizana ndi maholide apanyumba ndi misonkhano yaubwenzi; ndi chizolowezi kuchita zachikondi ndi zoimbidwa anthu pa izo.

Zojambulajambula

Gitala wa zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri amagawanika kukhala a zingwe zabwino kwambiri komanso zachigypsy zokhala ndi zingwe zachitsulo. Kutalika kwa chingwe chogwirira ntchito ndi 55-65 cm.

Makulidwe a zingwe za gitala amagawidwa kukhala:

• wachisanu ndi woonda;
• masekondi - pafupifupi;
• magawo atatu ndi okhuthala.

Chotsatira chilichonse chimakhala chocheperapo kuposa cham'mbuyomo.

Ng'oma ya gitala yopanda dzenje (m'munsi) imakhala ndi zikwangwani ziwiri zomangirira ndi zipolopolo (zipupa zam'mbali). Popanga, nkhuni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - linden, spruce, mkungudza - kupanga phokoso lakuda, lolemera. M'kati mwake, akasupe amaikidwa molingana ndi dongosolo la Scherzer (lofanana wina ndi mzake, lodutsa pamtunda wapamwamba) - zingwe zomwe zimateteza matabwa kuti asawonongeke. Kutsogolo kwa ng'oma ndikofanana, kumunsi kumakhala kotukuka pang'ono.

Bowo lapakati lozungulira limatchedwa rosette. Mlathowu umapangidwa ndi matabwa olimba, chishalo chake chimapangidwa ndi fupa (makamaka pa zida zakale) kapena pulasitiki. Mitundu ya gypsy ya chida choimbira nthawi zambiri imakongoletsedwa ndi zokutira pulasitiki; palibe classical element.

Khosi ndi lopyapyala: 4,6-5 masentimita pa mtedza, 5,4-6 masentimita pa mtedza. Chala chake chala chimapangidwa ndi ebony kapena matabwa ena olimba. Zitsamba ndi zitsulo kapena mkuwa.

Chikhalidwe cha gitala la ku Russia ndi kugwirizana kwa khosi ndi ng'oma ndi zomangira. Popotoza mbali zomangira, woyimbayo amaika nati yomwe imatambasula zingwezo mpaka kutalika kwake, motero kupanga sipekitiramu yomveka bwino. Mtedzawo ukachuluka, pamafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti uzule zingwezo.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa gitala la zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi zingwe zisanu ndi chimodzi

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa gitala ya zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndizochepa, ndiko kukonza ndi chiwerengero cha zingwe. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwapangidwe ndiko kuwonjezera kwa mabass a mzere wapansi, wokonzedwa mu contra-octave "si".

Chida chimodzi chimasiyana ndi china poyitanira motere:

• gitala ya zingwe 6 ili ndi ndondomeko ya kotala - mi, si, mchere, re, la, mi;
• chida cha zingwe 7 chili ndi dongosolo lapamwamba - re, si, sol, re, si, sol, re.

Mabass otsika kwambiri amakondedwa kwambiri ndi oimba nyimbo zamphamvu pagitala lamagetsi. Zikalumikizidwa ndi chokulitsa cha combo, zotengera za chingwe chamagetsi cha zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri zimachuluka komanso kuya.

Mbiri ya gitala la zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri

Gitala lachi Russia lazingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi zotsatira za kuyesa kwa mbuye wa ku France Rene Lecomte, ngakhale akukhulupirira kuti woimba wa ku Russia wa chiyambi cha Czech Andrey Osipovich Sykhra anali mlengi. Mfalansa anali woyamba kupanga chitsanzo cha zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri, koma sichinakhazikike ku Western Europe, ndipo Sichra adangotchuka ndi gitala ya zingwe 7, yomwe inawonekera ku Russia kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 18. Wolembayo adapereka moyo wake wonse ku chidacho, adalenga ndikuimba nyimbo zopitilira chikwi. Mwinanso anapanga dongosolo panopa ntchito chida. konsati woyamba wodzichepetsa unakhazikitsidwa mu 1793 mu Vilna.

Palinso mtundu wina wa chiyambi cha gitala la zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri. Woyambitsayo angakhale wolemba nyimbo wachi Czech Ignatius Geld, yemwe anakhalako ndi kugwira ntchito panthaŵi imodzi ndi Sychra. Iye analemba buku kuimba gitala zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri, anapereka mu 1798 ndi mkazi wa Alexander I.

Chitsanzo cha zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri chinapeza kutchuka kwambiri ku Russia. Imaseweredwa mosavuta ndi onse odziwa gitala komanso oyambira, olemekezeka amachita zachikondi, ndi ma gypsies nyimbo zawo zogwira mtima.

Masiku ano, chida cha zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri si chida cha konsati, ngakhale chida cha pop. Imayamikiridwa ndikusankhidwa makamaka ndi mabadi. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira zachikondi, zisudzo za Okudzhava ndi Vysotsky. Ngakhale ntchito zingapo zamakonsati zidapangidwa. Choncho, mu 1988, wolemba Igor Vladimirovich Rekhin analemba Russian Concerto, ndipo mu 2007 gitala Alexei Aleksandrovich Agibalov anapereka pulogalamu ya Guitar ndi Orchestra.

Fakitale ya Lunacharsky yakhala ikupanga magitala a zingwe 7 kuyambira 1947. Kuwonjezera pa akale, magitala amagetsi amapangidwa masiku ano, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe a djent, rock metal.

Kukonza gitala la zingwe XNUMX

Chingwe chachisanu ndi chiwiri chimasinthidwa kukhala octave pansi pa mndandanda wa zingwe 6. Dongosolo lomwe limatengedwa ngati standard ndi motere:

• D - 1 octave;
• si, mchere, re - octave yaing'ono;
• si, mchere, re - octave yaikulu.

Kuti muyimbe chingwe cha zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri, mfundo yofananiza mikwingwirima ya zingwe zoyandikana nayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mmodzi amapanikizidwa pamtundu wina, wachiwiri amasiyidwa mfulu, phokoso lawo liyenera kukhala logwirizana.

Amayamba kutchera khutu kuchokera pachingwe choyamba pa foloko "A", ikani pa 7 fret (kapena imbani yaulere molingana ndi limba "D" ya 1st aftertaste). Kuphatikiza apo, amasinthidwa potengera kubwerezabwereza. Chachitatu chaching'ono chili ndi semitones 3, chachitatu chachikulu chimakhala ndi 4, ndipo chachinayi choyera chili ndi 5. Pa fretboard, fret yotsatira imasintha phokoso ndi semitone poyerekeza ndi yapitayi. Ndiko kuti, kukhumudwa ndi chingwe choponderezedwa kumasonyeza chiwerengero cha semitones chomwe chimasintha phokoso la chingwe chaulere.

Kiyi mulingo woyenera kuimba gitala Russian:

• zazikulu - G, C, D;
• zazing'ono - mi, la, si, re, sol, chita.

Zovuta kwambiri komanso zosamasuka pakukhazikitsa tonality:

• zazikulu - F, B, B-flat, A, E, E-flat;
• zazing'ono - F, F zakuthwa.

Zosankha zina ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Zosiyanasiyana

Amapanga mitundu itatu ya gitala lachi Russia la zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri. Komanso, kukula kungakhudze kusankha kwa chida, chifukwa kumatsimikizira zomwe nyimbo zili nazo:

• Gitala wamkulu ndi muyezo. Kutalika kwa gawo logwira ntchito la chingwe ndi 65 cm.
• Gitala ya Tertz - kukula kwapakatikati. Kutalika 58 cm. Kuchunidwa pamwamba kuposa yam'mbuyo ndi kachitatu kakang'ono. Chifukwa chidacho chikuyenda, cholembacho chimawonetsedwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a noti yomweyi pa gitala wamba.
• Quarter gitala - yaying'ono. 55cm chingwe. Zochunidwa mopitilira muyeso kufika pachinayi changwiro.

Momwe mungasewere gitala la zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri

Ndikwabwino kwa woyimba gitala wongoyamba kumene kuyimba atakhala. Kuyika chida pa mwendo wanu, pezani pang'ono mbali yake yakumtunda pachifuwa chanu. Kanikizani dzanja logwira ntchito kumtunda wakutsogolo wa ng'oma. Kuti mukhale bata, ikani phazi lomwe gitala limakhala pampando wochepa. Osaumiriza mwendo wina. Ikani chala chanu pazingwe za bass. Sunthani atatu apakati (chala chaching'ono sichikukhudzidwa) m'manja mwanu. Kusintha kwakukulu kwa iwo, osati kuphatikiza.

Pa gawo loyamba la kuphunzira luso loimba gitala la zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zotseguka, izi zidzakuthandizani kuphunzira momwe mungatulutsire nyimbo podutsa chala chanu pamzere wa zingwe. Musagwiritse ntchito dzanja lanu losagwira ntchito panthawiyi.

Ikani chala chanu pa chingwe cha 7 ndikuchikanikiza pansi pang'ono. Index - pa 3, pakati - pa 2, wopanda dzina - pa 1st. Yendetsani chala chanu mpaka pansi, pomwe nthawi yomweyo mumagwiritsa ntchito zala zanu zonse kuti muyimbe mawu pazingwe zomwe zimagwirizana. Bwerezani zomwezo, ndikusuntha chala chanu mpaka chingwe cha 4. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi mpaka luso litakhala lokhazikika.