SERGEY Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff |

SERGEY Rachmaninoff

Ndipo ndinali ndi dziko la mbadwa; Iye ndi wodabwitsa! A. Pleshcheev (wochokera kwa G. Heine)

Rachmaninov analengedwa kuchokera zitsulo ndi golidi; Chitsulo m'manja mwake, golide mu mtima mwake. I. Hoffman

Ndine wolemba nyimbo wa ku Russia, ndipo dziko lakwathu lasiya chizindikiro pa khalidwe langa ndi maganizo anga. Mawu awa ndi a S. Rachmaninov, woyimba kwambiri, woyimba piyano wanzeru komanso wotsogolera. Zochitika zonse zofunika kwambiri za moyo wa chikhalidwe cha anthu a ku Russia ndi luso zimawonekera mu moyo wake wolenga, ndikusiya chizindikiro chosaiwalika. Mapangidwe ndi kukula kwa ntchito ya Rachmaninov imagwera m'zaka za m'ma 1890-1900, nthawi yomwe njira zovuta kwambiri zinkachitika mu chikhalidwe cha Russia, kugunda kwauzimu kumagunda kwambiri komanso mantha. Kumverera kodabwitsa kwa nthawi yomwe ili ku Rachmaninov nthawi zonse kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi chithunzi cha dziko lake lokondedwa la Amayi, ndi kusamalidwa kwa malo ake akuluakulu, mphamvu ndi mphamvu zachiwawa za mphamvu zake zoyambirira, kufooka kofatsa kwa kuphuka kwa masika.

Talente Rachmaninov anaonekera oyambirira ndi mowala, ngakhale mpaka zaka khumi ndi ziwiri sanasonyeze changu kwambiri maphunziro mwadongosolo nyimbo. Anayamba kuphunzira kuimba piyano ali ndi zaka 4, mu 1882 adaloledwa ku Conservatory ya St. Apa Rachmaninoff anaphunzira piyano ndi N. Zverev, ndiye A. Siloti; m'nkhani zongopeka ndi zolemba - ndi S. Taneyev ndi A. Arensky. Kukhala m'nyumba yogona ndi Zverev (1885-1885), adadutsa sukulu yowawa, koma yololera kwambiri ya chilango cha ntchito, yomwe inamupangitsa kuti achoke kwa munthu waulesi komanso wosamvera kukhala munthu wosonkhanitsidwa mwapadera komanso wofunitsitsa. "Zabwino kwambiri zomwe zili mwa ine, ndili ndi ngongole kwa iye," - kotero Rachmaninov adanena za Zverev. Pa Conservatory, Rachmaninoff adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi umunthu wa P. Tchaikovsky, yemwenso adatsatira chitukuko cha Seryozha yemwe ankamukonda kwambiri, ndipo atamaliza maphunziro ake ku Conservatory, adathandizira masewero a opera Aleko ku Bolshoi Theatre. zokumana nazo zachisoni momwe zimavutira kuti woimba wa novice adziyika yekha njira.

Rachmaninov anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Conservatory mu piyano (1891) ndi nyimbo (1892) ndi Mendulo ya Golide ya Grand. Panthawiyi, iye anali kale mlembi wa nyimbo zingapo, kuphatikizapo Prelude wotchuka mu C lakuthwa wamng'ono, chikondi "Mu Chete cha Chinsinsi Night", First Piano Concerto, opera "Aleko", lolembedwa ntchito omaliza maphunziro. m'masiku 17 okha! Zigawo Zongopeka zomwe zidatsatira, op. 3 (1892), Elegiac Trio "In Memory of a Great Artist" (1893), Suite ya pianos awiri (1893), Moments of Music op. 16 (1896), zachikondi, ntchito za symphonic - "The Cliff" (1893), Capriccio pa Gypsy Themes (1894) - adatsimikizira lingaliro la Rachmaninov ngati talente yamphamvu, yakuya, yoyambirira. Zithunzi ndi malingaliro a Rachmaninoff amawonekera m'ntchito izi mosiyanasiyana - kuchokera kuchisoni chomvetsa chisoni cha "Musical Moment" mu B wamng'ono mpaka ku hymnical apotheosis ya chikondi "Spring Waters", kuchokera ku zovuta zodziwikiratu-zovota za "Musical Moment" mu E minor mpaka mtundu wamadzi wabwino kwambiri wachikondi "Island".

Moyo m’zaka zimenezi unali wovuta. Pokhala wotsimikiza komanso wamphamvu pakuchita ndi kulenga, Rachmaninoff mwachibadwa anali munthu wosatetezeka, nthawi zambiri amadzikayikira. Kusokonezedwa ndi zovuta zakuthupi, chisokonezo chadziko, kuyendayenda m'makona achilendo. Ndipo ngakhale kuti ankathandizidwa ndi anthu amene anali naye pafupi, makamaka a m’banja la Satin, ankasungulumwa. Kugwedezeka kwakukulu komwe kunayambitsa kulephera kwa First Symphony yake, yomwe inachitikira ku St. Petersburg mu March 1897, kunayambitsa vuto la kulenga. Kwa zaka zingapo, Rachmaninoff sanalembe chilichonse, koma ntchito yake ngati woyimba piyano idakulirakulira, ndipo adayamba kukhala wotsogolera ku Moscow Private Opera (1897). M’zaka zimenezi, anakumana ndi L. Tolstoy, A. Chekhov, akatswiri a zisudzo za Art Theatre, anayamba ubwenzi ndi Fyodor Chaliapin, umene Rachmaninov ankaona kuti ndi chimodzi mwa “zaluso kwambiri, zakuya komanso zosaoneka bwino.” Mu 1899, Rachmaninoff anachita kunja kwa nthawi yoyamba (ku London), ndipo mu 1900 anapita ku Italy, kumene zojambulajambula za opera m'tsogolo Francesca da Rimini. Chochitika chosangalatsa chinali masewero a opera Aleko ku St. Petersburg pa nthawi ya zaka 100 za A. Pushkin ndi Chaliapin monga Aleko. Choncho, kusintha kwa mkati kunali kukonzedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. panali kubwerera ku zilandiridwenso. Zaka XNUMX zatsopano zinayamba ndi Second Piano Concerto, yomwe inkamveka ngati alamu yamphamvu. Anthu a m'nthawi yake adamva mwa iye liwu la Nthawi ndi zovuta zake, kuphulika kwake, ndi malingaliro a kusintha komwe kukubwera. Tsopano mtundu wa konsati ukukhala wotsogola, ndimo momwe malingaliro akulu akuphatikizidwa ndi kukwanira kwakukulu ndi kuphatikizidwa. Gawo latsopano limayamba mu moyo wa Rachmaninov.

Kuzindikira General mu Russia ndi kunja amalandira limba wake ndi kondakitala ntchito. Zaka 2 (1904-06) Rachmaninov ankagwira ntchito monga wotsogolera ku Bolshoi Theatre, akusiya m'mbiri yake kukumbukira zochitika zodabwitsa za zisudzo zaku Russia. Mu 1907 adatenga nawo gawo mu Russian Historical Concerts yokonzedwa ndi S. Diaghilev ku Paris, mu 1909 adachita koyamba ku America, komwe adayimbanso Concerto yake Yachitatu ya Piano yoyendetsedwa ndi G. Mahler. Kwambiri konsati m'mizinda ya Russia ndi kunja anali pamodzi ndi zilandiridwenso zochepa kwambiri, ndi nyimbo za zaka khumi izi (mu cantata "Spring" - 1902, m'mawu oyambirira op. 23, mu omaliza a Second Symphony ndi the Third Concerto) pali chidwi chochuluka komanso changu. Ndipo mu nyimbo monga zachikondi "Lilac", "Zili bwino pano", m'mawu oyamba a D Major ndi G Major, "nyimbo zamphamvu zoimba za chilengedwe" zidamveka ndi kulowa modabwitsa.

Koma m'zaka zomwezo, malingaliro ena amamvekanso. Malingaliro achisoni okhudza dziko la amayi ndi tsogolo lake lamtsogolo, malingaliro anzeru pa moyo ndi imfa amabweretsa zithunzi zomvetsa chisoni za Piano Sonata Woyamba, wouziridwa ndi Goethe's Faust, ndakatulo ya symphonic "The Island of the Dead" yotengera chithunzi cha wojambula waku Switzerland. A. Böcklin (1909), masamba ambiri a Third Concerto, romances op. 26. Kusintha kwa mkati kunayamba kuonekera kwambiri pambuyo pa 1910. Ngati mu Concerto Yachitatu tsokalo lidzatha ndipo concerto imatha ndi apotheosis yosangalatsa, ndiye kuti muzochita zomwe zinatsatira izo zimakula mosalekeza, kubweretsa moyo wankhanza, zithunzi zaudani, zachisoni, maganizo okhumudwa. Chilankhulo chanyimbo chimakhala chovuta kwambiri, mpweya wochuluka wa nyimbo za Rachmaninov umasowa. Izi ndizo ndakatulo za mawu-symphonic "The Bells" (pa st. E. Poe, lotembenuzidwa ndi K. Balmont - 1913); zachikondi op. 34 (1912) ndi op. 38 (1916); Etudes-zojambula op. 39 (1917). Komabe, panthawiyi Rachmaninoff adalenga ntchito zodzaza ndi tanthauzo lapamwamba, lomwe linakhala umunthu wa kukongola kwauzimu, kumapeto kwa nyimbo ya Rachmaninov - "Vocalise" ndi "All-Night Vigil" ya kwaya ya cappella (1915). “Kuyambira ndili mwana, ndakhala ndikuchita chidwi ndi nyimbo za Oktoikh. Ndakhala ndikumva kuti kalembedwe kapadera, kapadera kakufunika pakukonza kwawo kwakwaya, ndipo, zikuwoneka kwa ine, ndinazipeza mu Vespers. Sindingachitire mwina koma kuvomereza. kuti kuyimba koyamba kwa kwaya ya Synodal ya ku Moscow kunandipatsa ola lachisangalalo chopambana,” Rachmaninov anakumbukira motero.

Pa December 24, 1917, Rachmaninov ndi banja lake anachoka ku Russia, monga momwe zinalili kwamuyaya. Kwa zaka zopitirira kotala la zaka zana ankakhala kudziko lachilendo, ku USA, ndipo nthawi imeneyi inali yodzaza ndi zochitika za konsati yotopetsa, malinga ndi malamulo ankhanza a bizinesi ya nyimbo. Rachmaninov anagwiritsa ntchito gawo lalikulu la chindapusa chake popereka chithandizo chakuthupi kwa anzawo akunja komanso ku Russia. Choncho, zosonkhanitsira lonse ntchito mu April 1922 anasamutsidwa kuti phindu la njala mu Russia, ndipo m'dzinja 1941 Rakhmaninov anatumiza madola oposa zikwi zinayi thumba thandizo Red Army.

Kudziko lina, Rachmaninoff ankakhala yekhayekha, ndipo mabwenzi ake ankangokhala anthu ochokera ku Russia. Kupatulako kudapangidwa kokha kwa banja la F. Steinway, wamkulu wa kampani ya piano, yemwe Rachmaninov anali naye paubwenzi.

Zaka zoyamba za kukhala kunja, Rachmaninov sanasiye lingaliro la kutaya kudzoza kulenga. “Nditachoka ku Russia, sindinkafunanso kulemba. Popeza ndinataya dziko langa, ndinadzitaya ndekha.” Zaka 8 zokha atachoka kudziko lina, Rachmaninov abwereranso ku zilandiridwenso, akupanga Piano Concerto Yachinayi (1926), Nyimbo Zitatu Zaku Russia za Choir ndi Orchestra (1926), Zosiyanasiyana pamutu wa Corelli wa piyano (1931), Rhapsody pamutu wa Paganini. (1934), Third Symphony (1936), "Symphonic Dances" (1940). Ntchito izi ndi zomaliza, zokwera kwambiri za Rachmaninoff. Chisoni chachisoni chakutaika kosasinthika, chikhumbo choyaka moto cha Russia chimapangitsa luso lamphamvu kwambiri lomvetsa chisoni, lomwe likufika pachimake pa Zovina za Symphonic. Ndipo mu Symphony Yachitatu yowoneka bwino, Rachmaninoff akuphatikiza mutu wapakati wa ntchito yake kwa nthawi yomaliza - chithunzi cha Motherland. Lingaliro lokhazikika kwambiri la wojambulayo limamudzutsa kuyambira zaka mazana ambiri, amawonekera ngati chikumbukiro chokondedwa kwambiri. Mukuphatikizana kovutirapo kwa mitu yosiyanasiyana, magawo, mawonekedwe otakata, chithunzi chochititsa chidwi cha tsogolo la Fatherland chimapangidwanso, kutha ndi chitsimikiziro cha moyo wopambana. Choncho, kudzera mu ntchito zonse za Rachmaninoff, iye amanyamula kusaphwanyika kwa mfundo zake zamakhalidwe abwino, uzimu wapamwamba, kukhulupirika ndi chikondi chosathawika kwa Motherland, umunthu wake umene unali luso lake.

O. Averyanova

• Museum-estate ya Rachmaninov ku Ivanovka →
• Piano imagwira ntchito ndi Rachmaninoff →
• Symphonic ntchito za Rachmaninoff →
• Rachmaninov's chamber-instrumental art →
• Opera amagwira ntchito ndi Rachmaninoff →
• Kwaya ndi Rachmaninoff →
• Zokonda za Rachmaninoff →
• Rachmaninov-conductor →

Makhalidwe a kulenga

Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff, pamodzi ndi Scriabin, ndi mmodzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri mu nyimbo za ku Russia za m'ma 1900. Ntchito ya olemba awiriwa inakopa chidwi cha anthu a m'nthawi yake, ndipo adatsutsana kwambiri za izo, zokambirana zakuthwa zosindikizidwa zinayamba kuzungulira ntchito zawo. Ngakhale kusiyana kwa maonekedwe a munthu ndi dongosolo lophiphiritsa la nyimbo za "Rachmaninov" ndi "Scriabin", mayina awo nthawi zambiri amawonekera pambali pa mikangano iyi ndipo amafanizidwa ndi wina ndi mzake. Panali zifukwa zakunja chabe za kuyerekezera koteroko: onse anali ophunzira a Moscow Conservatory, amene anamaliza maphunziro pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi kuphunzira ndi aphunzitsi omwewo, onse nthawi yomweyo anaonekera pakati pa anzawo ndi mphamvu ndi kuwala kwa talente yawo, kulandira kuzindikira osati. oimba aluso kwambiri, komanso oyimba piyano odziwika bwino.

Koma panalinso zinthu zambiri zomwe zinkawalekanitsa ndipo nthawi zina zimawaika kumbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wa nyimbo. Scriabin, yemwe adayambitsa luso lolimba mtima, adatsegula nyimbo zatsopano, adatsutsana ndi Rachmaninov monga wojambula woganiza bwino yemwe adakhazikitsa ntchito yake pamaziko olimba a cholowa cha dziko. "G. Rachmaninoff, analemba m'modzi mwa otsutsa, ndiye mzati umene uli nawo akatswiri onse a utsogoleri weniweni, onse omwe amayamikira maziko a Mussorgsky, Borodin, Rimsky-Korsakov ndi Tchaikovsky.

Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyana konse mu maudindo a Rachmaninov ndi Scriabin mu zenizeni zawo zoimbira zamakono, iwo anasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi osati ndi zochitika zonse za kulera ndi kukula kwa umunthu wa kulenga mu unyamata wawo, komanso ndi zinthu zina zakuya za kufanana. . "Talente yopanduka, yosakhazikika" - umu ndi momwe Rakhmaninov adawonekera m'manyuzipepala. Kukakamira kopanda mpumulo uku, chisangalalo cha kamvekedwe ka malingaliro, mawonekedwe a ntchito ya olemba onse awiri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zokondedwa komanso pafupi ndi anthu aku Russia koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX, ndi ziyembekezo zawo, zokhumba ndi ziyembekezo zawo. .

"Scriabin ndi Rachmaninoff ndi 'olamulira a maganizo a nyimbo' awiri a dziko lamakono la nyimbo za ku Russia <...> Tsopano akugawana ulemu pakati pawo m'dziko loimba," anavomereza LL Sabaneev, mmodzi mwa okhululukirira achangu kwambiri kwa oyamba ndi . wotsutsa mofanana ndi wotsutsa ndi wotsutsa wachiwiri. Wotsutsa wina, wodziletsa kwambiri mu ziweruzo zake, analemba m'nkhani yofotokoza za oimira atatu otchuka kwambiri a sukulu ya nyimbo ya Moscow, Taneyev, Rachmaninov ndi Scriabin: kamvekedwe ka moyo wamakono, wotentha kwambiri. Zonsezi ndi ziyembekezo zabwino kwambiri za Russia yamakono. "

Kwa nthawi yaitali, maganizo a Rachmaninoff monga mmodzi wa olowa pafupi ndi olowa m'malo Tchaikovsky ankalamulira. Chikoka cha wolemba "Queen of Spades" mosakayika chinali ndi gawo lalikulu pakupanga ndi chitukuko cha ntchito yake, yomwe ndi yachibadwa kwa wophunzira wa Moscow Conservatory, wophunzira wa AS Arensky ndi SI Taneyev. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, adawonanso zina mwazinthu za "Petersburg" za olemba nyimbo: nyimbo zokondwa za Tchaikovsky zimaphatikizidwa ku Rachmaninov ndi ukulu woopsa wa Borodin, kulowa kwakuya kwa Mussorgsky mu dongosolo la malingaliro akale a nyimbo za ku Russia. maganizo ndakatulo a Rimsky-Korsakov chikhalidwe. Komabe, zonse zomwe adaphunzira kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi ndi am'mbuyomu zidaganiziridwanso mozama ndi wolembayo, kumvera chifuniro chake champhamvu, ndikupeza munthu watsopano, wodziyimira pawokha. Mtundu wozama kwambiri wa Rachmaninov uli ndi umphumphu waukulu wamkati ndi organicity.

Ngati tiyang'ana kufanana kwa iye mu chikhalidwe Russian luso chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana, ndiye, choyamba, mzere wa Chekhov-Bunin m'mabuku, malo oimba a Levitan, Nesterov, Ostroukhov mu kujambula. Zofananirazi zakhala zikuwonedwa mobwerezabwereza ndi olemba osiyanasiyana ndipo zakhala zongoyerekeza. Amadziwika ndi chikondi ndi ulemu zimene Rakhmaninov ankachitira ntchito ndi umunthu wa Chekhov. Kale m'zaka zapitazi za moyo wake, powerenga makalata a wolembayo, adanong'oneza bondo kuti sanakumane naye pafupi kwambiri mu nthawi yake. Wolembayo adalumikizidwa ndi Bunin kwa zaka zambiri mwachifundo komanso malingaliro wamba waluso. Iwo anasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndi kukhudzana ndi chikondi chokonda kwa chikhalidwe chawo cha ku Russia, chifukwa cha zizindikiro za moyo wosavuta umene ukuchoka kale pafupi ndi munthu kudziko lozungulira iye, maganizo a ndakatulo a dziko lapansi, ojambulidwa ndi zakuya. nyimbo zolowera mkati, ludzu la kumasulidwa kwa uzimu ndi kumasulidwa ku maunyolo omwe amalepheretsa ufulu waumunthu.

Gwero la kudzoza kwa Rachmaninov linali zikhumbo zosiyanasiyana zochokera ku moyo weniweni, kukongola kwa chilengedwe, zithunzi za mabuku ndi zojambula. “…Ndimapeza,” iye anatero, “kuti malingaliro anyimbo amabadwa mwa ine momasuka kwambiri pansi pa chisonkhezero cha maiko ena owonjezera a nyimbo.” Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, Rachmaninov sanayesere kwambiri kuti awonetsere zochitika zina zenizeni pogwiritsa ntchito nyimbo, "kujambula mawu", koma kuti awonetsere momwe amamvera, malingaliro ndi zochitika zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha zochitika zosiyanasiyana. zowonera kunja. M'lingaliro limeneli, tikhoza kulankhula za iye monga mmodzi wa ochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi oimira zenizeni za ndakatulo za zaka za m'ma 900, zomwe zimapangidwira bwino ndi VG Korolenko: "Sitimangowonetsa zochitika monga momwe zilili ndikuchita. osapanga chinyengo kuchokera kudziko lomwe kulibeko. Timalenga kapena kuwonetsa ubale watsopano wa mzimu waumunthu kudziko lozungulira lomwe limabadwa mwa ife.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zodziwika kwambiri za nyimbo za Rachmaninov, zomwe zimakopa chidwi choyamba pozidziwa bwino, ndizo nyimbo zomveka kwambiri. Pakati pa anthu a m'nthawi yake, amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha luso lake lopanga nyimbo zambiri komanso zazitali zomwe zimapuma kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kukongola ndi pulasitiki ya zojambulazo ndi mawu owala komanso amphamvu. Melodism, melodiousness - ndi khalidwe lalikulu la kalembedwe Rachmaninov, amene makamaka amatsimikizira chikhalidwe cha kuganiza harmonic wa wolemba ndi kapangidwe ka ntchito zake, zodzaza, monga ulamuliro, ndi mawu odziimira, mwina kusuntha patsogolo, kapena kusowa wandiweyani wandiweyani. nsalu zomveka.

Rachmaninoff adapanga nyimbo yakeyake yapadera kwambiri, yotengera kuphatikizika kwaukadaulo wa Tchaikovsky - chitukuko champhamvu chanyimbo ndi njira yosinthira zosinthika, zomwe zimachitika bwino komanso modekha. Pambuyo ponyamuka mofulumira kapena kukwera pamwamba kwambiri, nyimboyo, titero kunena kwake, imaundana pamlingo wofikiridwa, mosasunthika kubwerera ku liwu limodzi loimbidwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali, kapena pang’onopang’ono, lokhala ndi timiyala tokwera, limabwerera pautali wake woyambirira. Ubale wobwerera kumbuyo umathekanso, pamene kukhala motalikirapo kapena mocheperapo m'dera limodzi laling'ono lokwera kwambiri kumasweka mwadzidzidzi ndi nyimboyo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikuyambitsa mthunzi wa mawu akuthwa.

Mu kuphatikizika koteroko kwa dynamics ndi statics, LA Mazel amawona chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za nyimbo za Rachmaninov. Wofufuza wina amapeza tanthauzo lambiri ku chiŵerengero cha mfundo zimenezi mu ntchito ya Rachmaninov, akulozera ku kusintha kwa mphindi za "braking" ndi "kupambana" komwe kumayambira ntchito zake zambiri. (VP Bobrovsky akufotokoza lingaliro lofananalo, ponena kuti "chozizwitsa cha umunthu wa Rachmaninoff chagona mu umodzi wapadera wa zikhalidwe ziwiri zosiyana ndi kaphatikizidwe kake kamene kamakhala mwa iye yekha" - chikhumbo chochita ndi chizolowezi "chokhala nthawi yaitali pa zomwe zakhala zikuchitika. zatheka."). Kukonda nyimbo zanyimbo zolingalira, kumizidwa kwanthawi yayitali mumalingaliro amodzi, ngati kuti wolembayo akufuna kuyimitsa nthawi yocheperako, kuphatikiza ndi mphamvu yayikulu, yothamanga yakunja, ludzu lodzitsimikizira yekha. Chifukwa chake mphamvu ndi kuthwa kwa kusiyana mu nyimbo zake. Iye anafuna kubweretsa kumverera kulikonse, mkhalidwe uliwonse wa malingaliro ku mlingo wopambanitsa wa kufotokoza.

M'nyimbo zanyimbo zomasuka za Rachmaninov, ndi mpweya wawo wautali, wosasokonezeka, munthu nthawi zambiri amamva chinachake chofanana ndi "kusathawika" kwa nyimbo zachikale za ku Russia. Komabe, panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwirizana pakati pa luso la Rachmaninov ndi kulemba nyimbo za anthu kunali kwachindunji. Koma nthawi zina pamene wolemba nyimboyo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito nyimbo zenizeni za anthu; sanayesere kuti nyimbo zake zifanane ndi zamtundu wake. "Mu Rachmaninov," wolemba buku lapadera la nyimbo zake moyenerera anati, "kawirikawiri kugwirizana mwachindunji ndi mitundu ina ya luso wowerengeka. Mwachindunji, mtunduwo nthawi zambiri umawoneka kuti umasungunuka mu "kumverera" kwa anthu ambiri ndipo sichoncho, monga momwe zinalili ndi akale ake, chiyambi chokhazikika cha ndondomeko yonse yopangira ndikukhala fano la nyimbo. Mobwerezabwereza, chidwi chakhala chikukokera ku mawonekedwe a nyimbo za Rachmaninov, zomwe zimabweretsa pafupi ndi nyimbo ya anthu a ku Russia, monga kusinthasintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, ndi zina zotero. ndi woipeka, mbali zimenezi kukhala katundu wosasinthika wa kalembedwe wake payekha, kupeza mtundu wapadera kufotokoza wapadera kwa iye yekha.

Mbali ina ya kalembedwe kameneka, yochititsa chidwi kwambiri ngati nyimbo za Rachmaninov, zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri, zogonjetsa mwamphamvu komanso nthawi yomweyo zimasinthasintha, nthawi zina zimakhala zomveka. Onse a m'nthawi ya wolembayo komanso ofufuza pambuyo pake adalemba zambiri za nyimboyi makamaka ya Rachmaninoff, yomwe imakopa chidwi cha omvera. Nthawi zambiri kamvekedwe kake ndi kamene kamatsimikizira kamvekedwe kake ka nyimbo. AV Ossovsky adanena mu 1904 za kayendedwe komaliza kwa Second Suite for Two Pianos kuti Rachmaninov mmenemo "sanawope kukulitsa chidwi cha Tarantella ku mzimu wosakhazikika ndi wamdima, osati wachilendo ku ziwanda zamtundu wina. nthawi.”

Rhythm ikuwoneka ku Rachmaninov ngati chonyamulira cha mfundo yothandiza yomwe imapangitsa kuti nyimboyo ikhale yolimba komanso imayambitsa "kusefukira kwa malingaliro" m'magulu ambiri athunthu ogwirizana. BV Asafiev, poyerekezera gawo la mfundo yachidule m'mabuku a Rachmaninov ndi Tchaikovsky, analemba kuti: "Komabe, pamapeto pake, chikhalidwe cha" chosakhazikika" cha symphony chinawonekera ndi mphamvu yapadera pakuwombana kwakukulu kwa mitu yomweyi. Mu nyimbo za Rachmaninov, omwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kukhulupirika kwake, mgwirizano wa nyumba yosungiramo mawu omveka bwino ndi malo osungiramo katundu wa "I" wa "I" wa woimbayo, adasanduka "gawo laumwini" la kulingalira kwaumwini, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi rhythm mu tanthauzo la volitional factor ... ". Mtundu wa rhythmic ku Rachmaninov nthawi zonse umafotokozedwa momveka bwino, mosasamala kanthu kuti nyimboyo ndi yophweka, ngakhale, ngati kugunda kolemera, koyezera kwa belu lalikulu, kapena zovuta, zamaluwa modabwitsa. Zokondedwa ndi wopeka, makamaka mu ntchito za 1910s, rhythmic ostinato amapereka mungoli osati mapangidwe, komanso nthawi zina tanthauzo tanthauzo.

Pankhani ya mgwirizano, Rachmaninoff sanapite kupyola dongosolo laling'ono lachikale mu mawonekedwe omwe adapeza mu ntchito ya oimba achikondi a ku Ulaya, Tchaikovsky ndi oimira a Mighty Handful. Nyimbo zake nthawi zonse zimafotokozedwa momveka bwino komanso zokhazikika, koma pogwiritsira ntchito njira zachikale-zachikondi zamtundu wa tonal, adadziwika ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa zolemba zamtundu umodzi kapena wina. Zina mwazochita zapadera za chinenero cha Harmonic cha Rachmaninov ndizo, mwachitsanzo, kuchedwa kodziwika bwino kwa kayendetsedwe ka ntchito, chizolowezi chokhala mu kiyi imodzi kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo nthawi zina kufooka kwa mphamvu yokoka. Chidwi chimakokedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe amitundu yambiri, mizere yamitundu yosakhala ndi undecimal, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, yamamvekedwe kuposa kufunikira kwa magwiridwe antchito. Kulumikizana kwamtundu uwu wa zovuta zovuta kumachitika makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito kugwirizana kwa nyimbo. Kulamuliridwa kwa nyimbo yanyimbo mu nyimbo za Rachmaninov kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa polyphonic kwa nsalu yake yomveka: zovuta zamtundu uliwonse zimawuka nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kusuntha kwaufulu kwa mawu odziyimira pawokha "oyimba".

Pali njira imodzi yomwe mumakonda kwambiri ya Harmonic ya Rachmaninoff, yomwe nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito, makamaka muzolemba za nthawi yoyambirira, mpaka adalandira dzina lakuti "Chigwirizano cha Rachmaninov". Kubweza kumeneku kumachokera ku kuchepetsedwa koyambilira kwachisanu ndi chiwiri kwa kamwana kakang'ono ka harmonic, komwe nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati terzkvartakkord m'malo mwa digiri ya II III ndikusintha kukhala katatu kolimbikitsa mu melodic malo achitatu.

Kusuntha kwa quart yochepetsedwa yomwe imapezeka mu nkhani iyi mu liwu la melodic imadzutsa kumverera kowawa kwachisoni.

Monga chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi za nyimbo za Rachmaninov, ofufuza angapo ndi owonera adawona kuti nyimbo zake ndizochepa kwambiri. Nyimbo zake zonse zinayi za piyano, ma symphonies atatu, ma piano sonatas, zithunzi zambiri za etudes ndi nyimbo zina zambiri zidalembedwa zazing'ono. Ngakhale zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu yaying'ono chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa masinthidwe, kusinthika kwa ma tonal komanso kugwiritsa ntchito masitepe ang'onoang'ono. Koma olemba nyimbo ochepa apeza mitundu ingapo yamitundumitundu komanso magawo omveka bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi yaying'ono. Ndemanga ya LE Gakkel kuti mu etudes-penti op. 39 “kupatsidwa kusiyanasiyana kokulirapo kwa mitundu yaying’ono ya kakhalidwe, mithunzi yaing’ono ya moyo” ingawonjezedwe ku mbali yofunika kwambiri ya ntchito yonse ya Rachmaninoff. Otsutsa ngati Sabaneev, amene ankadana ndi Rachmaninov, anamutcha kuti “wongolira mwanzeru,” amene nyimbo zake zimasonyeza “kusachita zinthu momvetsa chisoni kwa munthu wopanda mphamvu.” Pakalipano, Rachmaninov wandiweyani "wakuda" wamng'ono nthawi zambiri amamveka ngati wolimba mtima, wotsutsa komanso wodzaza ndi mikangano yambiri. Ndipo ngati zolemba zachisoni zimagwidwa ndi khutu, ndiye kuti ichi ndi "chisoni cholemekezeka" cha wojambula wapatriot, yemwe "amabuula dziko lakwawo", lomwe linamveka ndi M. Gorky mu ntchito zina za Bunin. Monga wolemba uyu pafupi naye mu mzimu, Rachmaninov, m'mawu a Gorky, "lingaliro la Russia lonse," akudandaula ndi zotayika zake ndikukumana ndi nkhawa za tsogolo.

The kulenga chifanizo cha Rachmaninov mbali zake zazikulu anakhalabe zofunika ndi okhazikika mu ulendo wa theka la zaka woimba, popanda fractures lakuthwa ndi kusintha. Mfundo zokongoletsa ndi kalembedwe, anaphunzira ali mnyamata, iye anali wokhulupirika kwa zaka zomalizira za moyo wake. Komabe, tikhoza kuona kusintha kwina m'ntchito yake, yomwe imadziwonetsera osati kukula kwa luso, kulemeretsa phokoso la phokoso, komanso kukhudza pang'ono mawonekedwe a nyimbo. Panjira iyi, zazikulu zitatu, ngakhale kuti ndizosafanana nthawi zonse komanso kuchuluka kwa zokolola, nthawi zimafotokozedwa momveka bwino. Iwo delimited kwa wina ndi mzake ndi zambiri kapena zochepa yaitali osakhalitsa caesuras, magulu kukaikira, kusinkhasinkha ndi kukayikira, pamene palibe ntchito imodzi anamaliza anatuluka cholembera wa wolemba. Nthawi yoyamba, yomwe imagwera m'zaka za m'ma 90 m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, imatha kutchedwa nthawi yachitukuko chaluso komanso kukhwima kwa talente, yomwe idapita kukatsimikizira njira yake pothana ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe akadali achichepere. Ntchito za nthawi ino nthawi zambiri sizikhala zodziimira mokwanira, zopanda ungwiro mu mawonekedwe ndi maonekedwe. (Ena a iwo (First Piano Concerto, Elegiac Trio, zidutswa za piyano: Melody, Serenade, Humoresque) pambuyo pake zidasinthidwanso ndi wolemba nyimboyo ndipo mawonekedwe ake adalemeretsedwa ndikupangidwa.), ngakhale m'masamba awo angapo (nthawi zabwino kwambiri za opera yachinyamata "Aleko", Elegiac Trio pokumbukira PI Tchaikovsky, chiyambi chodziwika bwino cha C-sharp wamng'ono, nthawi zina za nyimbo ndi zachikondi), umunthu wa wolembayo. zavumbulutsidwa kale ndi chitsimikizo chokwanira.

Kupuma kosayembekezereka kumabwera mu 1897, pambuyo polephera kuchita bwino kwa Symphony Yoyamba ya Rachmaninov, ntchito yomwe woimbayo adayikapo ntchito zambiri ndi mphamvu zauzimu, zomwe sizinamvetsetsedwe ndi oimba ambiri ndipo zinatsutsidwa pafupifupi pamasamba atolankhani, ngakhale kunyozedwa. ndi ena mwa otsutsa. Kulephera kwa symphony kunayambitsa kupwetekedwa mtima kwakukulu mu Rachmaninoff; mogwirizana ndi zimene iye mwini anaulula pambuyo pake, iye “anali ngati munthu wa sitiroko, amene kwa nthaŵi yaitali mutu wake ndi manja ake zinawonongeka.” Zaka zitatu zotsatira zinali zaka pafupifupi mwakachetechete waluso, koma nthawi yomweyo zowunikira mozama, kuwunikanso kofunikira kwa chilichonse chomwe chidachitika kale. Zotsatira za ntchito yozama yamkati ya wolembayo pa iyemwini inali kutukuka kodabwitsa komanso kowala kowoneka bwino kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana latsopano.

M'zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zoyambirira za zaka za m'ma 23, Rakhmaninov adapanga zolemba zingapo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zodabwitsa chifukwa cha ndakatulo zawo zakuya, kutsitsimuka komanso kudzoza mwachangu, momwe malingaliro ochuluka a kulenga ndi chiyambi cha "zolemba" za wolemba za wolemba. zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi luso lapamwamba lomaliza. Zina mwa izo ndi Wachiwiri limba Concerto, ndi Maapatimenti Chachiwiri kwa limba awiri, sonata kwa cello ndi limba, cantata "Spring", Khumi Mayankho op. XNUMX, sewero la "Francesca da Rimini", zina mwazitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zamawu a Rachmaninov ("Lilac", "Katundu wa A. Musset"), mndandanda wazinthuzi zidakhazikitsa udindo wa Rachmaninoff ngati m'modzi mwa oimba akulu komanso osangalatsa aku Russia. a nthawi yathu, kumupangitsa kuti adziwike kwambiri m'magulu a akatswiri aluso komanso pakati pa omvera ambiri.

Nthawi yochepa kuchokera mu 1901 mpaka 1917 inali yopindulitsa kwambiri mu ntchito yake: pazaka khumi ndi theka, ambiri okhwima, odziimira pawokha a ntchito za Rachmaninov zinalembedwa, zomwe zinakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la nyimbo zamtundu wa dziko. Pafupifupi chaka chilichonse anabweretsa opus latsopano, maonekedwe amene anakhala chochitika chodziwika mu moyo nyimbo. Ndi ntchito yosalekeza ya kulenga ya Rachmaninoff, ntchito yake sinasinthidwe panthawiyi: kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri zoyamba, zizindikiro za kusintha kwa mowa zimawonekera. Popanda kutaya makhalidwe ake onse a "generic", zimakhala zovuta kwambiri m'mawu, kusokoneza maganizo kumakula, pamene kutulutsa kwachindunji kwa nyimbo kumawoneka ngati kukucheperachepera, mitundu yowala yowala imawonekera kawirikawiri pamawu a woyimba, mtundu wonse wa nyimbo. mdima ndi thickens. Zosinthazi zikuwonekera pamndandanda wachiwiri wa preludes wa piyano, op. 32, mikombero iwiri ya zojambula zamaphunziro, makamaka nyimbo zazikuluzikulu monga "The Bells" ndi "All-Night Vigil", zomwe zimatipatsa mafunso ozama, ofunikira pakukhalapo kwa munthu ndi cholinga cha moyo wa munthu.

Chisinthiko chomwe Rachmaninov anakumana nacho sichinalephereke chidwi cha anthu a m'nthawi yake. Mmodzi mwa otsutsawo analemba za The Bells: "Rakhmaninov akuwoneka kuti wayamba kufunafuna malingaliro atsopano, njira yatsopano yofotokozera malingaliro ake ... ”

Pambuyo 1917 yopuma latsopano ntchito Rachmaninov akuyamba, nthawi iyi yaitali kuposa yapitayo. Pambuyo pa zaka khumi zokha, woimbayo adabwereranso kupanga nyimbo, atakonza nyimbo zitatu zamtundu wa Chirasha za kwaya ndi okhestra ndikumaliza Concerto Yachinayi ya Piano, yomwe inayamba madzulo a Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse. M'zaka za m'ma 30s, iye analemba (kupatula zolemba zochepa za limba ya piyano) zinayi zokha, komabe, zofunika kwambiri pa lingaliro la ntchito zazikulu.

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M'malo ovuta, osasaka omwe nthawi zambiri amatsutsana, kulimbana kwakukulu, koopsa, kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso chamakono chomwe chimadziwika ndi chitukuko cha luso la nyimbo m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma XNUMX, Rachmaninoff adakhalabe wokhulupirika kumaphunziro apamwamba kwambiri. miyambo ya nyimbo zaku Russia kuchokera ku Glinka kupita ku Borodin, Mussorgsky, Tchaikovsky, Rimsky-Korsakov ndi ophunzira awo apamtima, olunjika komanso otsatira a Taneyev, Glazunov. Koma iye sanalekerere udindo wa woyang'anira miyambo imeneyi, koma mwachangu, kulenga anazindikira iwo, kunena kuti moyo wawo, mphamvu yosatha, luso la chitukuko ndi kulemerera. Wojambula tcheru, wochititsa chidwi, Rachmaninov, ngakhale kuti amatsatira malangizo a classics, sanakhale wogontha ku mafoni amakono. M'malingaliro ake pamayendedwe atsopano azaka za zana la XNUMX, panalibe mphindi yakukangana kokha, komanso kulumikizana kwina.

Kwa nthawi ya theka la zaka, ntchito ya Rachmaninov yasintha kwambiri, ndipo ntchito za osati zaka za m'ma 1930 zokha, komanso zaka za m'ma 1910 zimasiyana kwambiri m'mapangidwe awo ophiphiritsira komanso m'chinenero, njira zowonetsera nyimbo kuyambira koyambirira, mpaka pano. kwathunthu palokha opuss mapeto a yapita. zaka mazana ambiri. Ena mwa iwo, wopeka amakumana ndi impressionism, chizindikiro, neoclassicism, ngakhale m'njira yachilendo kwambiri, iye payekha amaona zinthu za makhalidwe amenewa. Ndi kusintha konse ndi kutembenuka, chifanizo cha kulenga cha Rachmaninov chinakhalabe mkati mwachinthu chofunikira kwambiri, kusunga zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe nyimbo zake zimatchuka kwambiri ndi omvera ambiri: okonda, nyimbo zokopa, zowona ndi zowona mtima, masomphenya a ndakatulo a dziko. .

Yu. Inu

Rachmaninoff conductor

Rachmaninov adalowa m'mbiri osati monga woimba komanso woyimba piyano, komanso ngati wotsogolera kwambiri wa nthawi yathu, ngakhale mbali iyi ya ntchito yake sinali yaitali kwambiri komanso yowonjezereka.

Rachmaninov anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wake monga wochititsa m'dzinja 1897 pa Mamontov Private Opera mu Moscow. Izi zisanachitike, iye analibe kutsogolera oimba ndi kuphunzira kuchititsa, koma talente wanzeru woimba anathandiza Rachmaninoff mwamsanga kuphunzira zinsinsi za luso. Zokwanira kukumbukira kuti sanathe kumaliza kubwereza koyamba: sankadziwa kuti oimbawo ayenera kusonyeza mawu oyamba; ndipo patatha masiku angapo, Rachmaninov anali atachita kale ntchito yake mwangwiro, akuyendetsa opera ya Saint-Saens ya Samson ndi Delilah.

Iye analemba kuti: “Chaka chimene ndinakhala ku opera ya Mamontov chinali chofunika kwambiri kwa ine. Kumeneko ndinapeza luso la kondakitala, lomwe pambuyo pake linandithandiza kwambiri.” Mu nyengo ya ntchito monga wochititsa wachiwiri wa zisudzo, Rachmaninov anachita zisudzo makumi awiri ndi zisanu za zisudzo zisanu ndi zinayi: "Samson ndi Delila", "Mermaid", "Carmen", "Orpheus" ndi Gluck, "Rogneda" ndi Serov, " Mignon" lolemba Tom, "Manda a Askold", "Mphamvu ya Adani", "May night". Atolankhani nthawi yomweyo adawona kumveka kwa kalembedwe ka wokonda wake, mwachilengedwe, kusowa kwa kaimidwe, kumveka kwachitsulo komwe kumaperekedwa kwa oimba, kukoma kofewa komanso chidwi chodabwitsa chamitundu ya orchestra. Ndi kupeza zinachitikira, mbali izi za Rachmaninoff monga woimba anayamba kudzionetsera mokwanira, mothandizidwa ndi chidaliro ndi ulamuliro pogwira ntchito ndi soloists, kwaya ndi orchestra.

M'zaka zingapo zotsatira, Rachmaninoff, wotanganidwa ndi nyimbo ndi kuimba piyano, ankangochitika mwa apo ndi apo. Kupambana kwa talente yake yotsogolera kugwa pa nthawi ya 1904-1915. Kwa nyengo ziwiri wakhala akugwira ntchito ku Bolshoi Theatre, komwe kumasulira kwake kwa zisudzo zaku Russia kumakhala kopambana. Zochitika mbiri mu moyo wa zisudzo amatchedwa ndi otsutsa ntchito chikumbutso Ivan Susanin, amene anachita polemekeza zaka zana za kubadwa kwa Glinka, ndi Mlungu Tchaikovsky, pamene Rachmaninov anachititsa Mfumukazi Spades, Eugene Onegin, Oprichnik. ndi ballets.

Pambuyo pake, Rachmaninov adatsogolera ntchito ya The Queen of Spades ku St. openda anavomereza kuti iye anali woyamba kumvetsa ndi kufotokozera kwa omvera tanthauzo lonse lomvetsa chisoni la opera. Zina mwa kupambana kwa kulenga kwa Rachmaninov ku Bolshoi Theatre ndi kupanga kwake Rimsky-Korsakov Pan Voevoda ndi zisudzo zake The Miserly Knight ndi Francesca da Rimini.

Pa siteji ya symphony Rachmaninov ku zoimbaimba woyamba anadzitsimikizira yekha kukhala mbuye wa sikelo yaikulu. Epithet "wanzeru" ndithudi inatsagana ndi ndemanga za machitidwe ake monga wotsogolera. Nthawi zambiri, Rachmaninoff anaonekera pa kondakitala mu makonsati a Moscow Philharmonic Society, komanso ndi oimba Siloti ndi Koussevitzky. Mu 1907-1913, iye anachita zambiri kunja - m'mizinda ya France, Holland, USA, England, Germany.

Repertoire ya Rachmaninov monga wotsogolera inali yosiyana kwambiri ndi zaka zimenezo. Anatha kulowa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe a ntchitoyo. Mwachibadwa, nyimbo za ku Russia zinali pafupi kwambiri ndi iye. Anatsitsimutsidwa pa siteji ya Borodin Bogatyr Symphony, pafupifupi kuiwala nthawi imeneyo, inathandizira kutchuka kwa zithunzithunzi za Lyadov, zomwe anachita mwanzeru kwambiri. Kutanthauzira kwake kwa nyimbo za Tchaikovsky (makamaka nyimbo za 4th ndi 5th symphonies) zinadziwika ndi kufunikira kwakukulu ndi kuya; mu ntchito za Rimsky-Korsakov, iye anatha kuvumbulutsa maseŵera owala kwambiri a mitundu kwa omvera, ndi symphonies Borodin ndi Glazunov, anakopa omvera ndi epic m'lifupi ndi kukhulupirika kwambiri kutanthauzira.

Chimodzi mwa zitsogozo za luso la Rachmaninov chinali kutanthauzira kwa nyimbo ya Mozart ya G-minor symphony. Wotsutsa Wolfing analemba kuti: “Kodi nyimbo zambiri zoimbira ndi kusindikiza zimatanthauzanji Rachmaninov asanaimbe nyimbo ya Mozart ya g-moll! … The Russian luso namatetule kachiwiri kusandulika ndi kusonyeza luso chikhalidwe cha mlembi wa symphony iyi. Sitingathe kulankhula za Mozart wa Pushkin, komanso za Mozart wa Rachmaninov ... "

Pamodzi ndi izi, timapeza nyimbo zambiri zachikondi m'mapulogalamu a Rachmaninov - mwachitsanzo, Fantastic Symphony ya Berlioz, ma symphonies a Mendelssohn ndi Franck, Weber's Oberon overture ndi zidutswa zochokera kumasewera a Wagner, ndakatulo ya Liszt ndi Grieg's Lyric Suite… Olemba amakono - ndakatulo za symphonic za R. Strauss, mabuku a Impressionists: Debussy, Ravel, Roger-Ducasse ... Katswiri wodziwika bwino wa nyimbo za ku Soviet V. Yakovlev, yemwe anamva Rachmaninov kangapo, akukumbukira kuti: “Si anthu okhawo ndi otsutsa, odziwa bwino oimba oimba, mapulofesa, akatswiri ojambula zithunzi anazindikira kuti utsogoleri wake unali wapamwamba kwambiri pa luso limeneli ... osati kwambiri kuwonetsero, koma kuti alekanitse ndemanga, mafotokozedwe otanthauza, kaŵirikaŵiri ankaimba kapena m’njira zosiyanasiyana anafotokoza zimene analingalira poyamba. Aliyense amene analipo pamakonsati ake amakumbukira zotakata, zowoneka bwino za dzanja lonse, osati kuchokera ku burashi kokha; Nthawi zina oimba ake ankaona kuti manja akewa ndi opambanitsa, koma ankawadziwa bwino ndipo ankawamvetsa. Panalibe mayendedwe ochita kupanga, mawonekedwe, osachita, osajambula pamanja. Panali chilakolako chopanda malire, chotsogoleredwa ndi lingaliro, kusanthula, kumvetsetsa ndi kuzindikira kalembedwe ka wojambulayo.

Tiyeni tionjezere kuti Rachmaninoff wotsogolera analinso wosewera wosapambana; oimba nyimbo zake anali ojambula ngati Taneyev, Scriabin, Siloti, Hoffmann, Casals, ndi zisudzo Chaliapin, Nezhdanova, Sobinov ...

Pambuyo 1913, Rachmaninov anakana kuchita ntchito ndi olemba ena ndipo ankangopanga nyimbo zake zokha. Only mu 1915 iye anapatuka pa lamulo ili pochititsa konsati kukumbukira Scriabin. Komabe, ngakhale pambuyo pake mbiri yake monga kondakitala idakwera modabwitsa padziko lonse lapansi. Zokwanira kunena kuti atangofika ku United States mu 1918, adapatsidwa utsogoleri wa oimba akuluakulu a dziko - ku Boston ndi Cincinnati. Koma panthawiyo sakanathanso kuthera nthawi yotsogolera, akukakamizika kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ngati woyimba piyano.

Pokhapokha m'dzinja la 1939, pamene masewero a nyimbo za Rachmaninov anakonza ku New York, pamene woimbayo adavomera kuti azichita imodzi mwa izo. The Philadelphia Orchestra ndiye anachita Third Symphony ndi Mabelu. Anabwerezanso pulogalamu yomweyi mu 1941 ku Chicago, ndipo patapita chaka adatsogolera ntchito ya "Isle of the Dead" ndi "Symphonic Dances" ku Egan Arbor. Wotsutsa O. Daune analemba kuti: “Rakhmaninov anatsimikizira kuti ali ndi luso lofanana ndi lolamulira pa kaimbidwe kake, nyimbo ndi mphamvu za kulenga, kutsogolera gulu loimba, limene amaonetsa poimba piyano. Makhalidwe ndi kachitidwe kamasewera ake, komanso kachitidwe kake, zimakhudza modekha ndi chidaliro. Ndiko kusakhalapo konse kodzionetsera kofananako, kudzionetsera kofananako kwa ulemu ndi kudziletsa koonekeratu, mphamvu yochititsa chidwi yofananayo. Zojambulidwa za The Island of the Dead, Vocalise ndi Third Symphony zomwe zinapangidwa panthawiyo zatisungira umboni wa luso la woimba waluso la ku Russia.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek