Saxophone ndi mbiri yake

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Kutchuka kwa saxophone

Saxophone ndi zida zamatabwa ndipo mosakayikira tikhoza kuziwerengera pakati pa oimira otchuka kwambiri a gululi. Ili ndi kutchuka kwake makamaka chifukwa cha mawu osangalatsa kwambiri omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mumtundu uliwonse wanyimbo. Ndi gawo la zida zamagulu akulu amkuwa ndi oimba a symphonic, magulu akulu komanso magulu ang'onoang'ono achipinda. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu nyimbo za jazz, kumene nthawi zambiri amasewera kutsogolera - chida cha solo.

Mbiri ya saxophone

Zolemba zoyambirira za kulengedwa kwa saxophone zimachokera ku 1842 ndipo tsikuli limaganiziridwa ndi anthu ambiri oimba monga kulengedwa kwa chida ichi. Idamangidwa ndi womanga zida zoimbira waku Belgian, Adolph Sax, ndipo dzina la wopangayo limachokera ku dzina lake. Zitsanzo zoyamba zinali mu zovala za C, zinali ndi ma lapel khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi ndipo zinali ndi miyeso yambiri. Tsoka ilo, kuchuluka kwakukulu kumeneku kunatanthawuza kuti chida, makamaka m'mabuku apamwamba, sichinamveke bwino. Izi zidapangitsa Adolf Sax kusankha kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawonekedwe ake ndipo umu ndi momwe baritone, alto, tenor ndi soprano saxophone adapangidwira. Kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa mitundu ya saxophones kunali kochepa kale, kotero kuti phokoso la chida sichinapitirire phokoso lake lachilengedwe. Kupanga zida kunayamba chakumapeto kwa 1943, ndipo kuwonekera koyamba kugulu kwa saxophone kunachitika pa February 3, 1844, pa konsati yotsogozedwa ndi woimba waku France Louis Hector Berlioz.

Mitundu ya saxophones

Kugawanika kwa ma saxophone kumachokera makamaka kuchokera ku kuthekera kwa phokoso la munthu payekha komanso kukula kwa chida china. Chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri ndi alto saxophone, chomwe chimamangidwa mu chovala cha E lathyathyathya ndipo chimamveka chachisanu ndi chimodzi chotsika kuposa nyimbo zake. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa komanso phokoso lapadziko lonse lapansi, nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kuti ayambe kuphunzira. Wachiwiri wotchuka kwambiri ndi tenor saxophone. Ndi yayikulu kuposa alto, imamangidwa mukusintha kwa B ndipo imamveka kutsika kwachisanu ndi chinayi kuposa momwe imawonekera kuchokera pamawu. Chachikulu kuposa tenor imodzi ndi baritone saxophone, yomwe ndi imodzi mwa ma saxophone akuluakulu komanso otsika kwambiri. Masiku ano, amamangidwa mu E lathyathyathya ikukonzekera ndipo, ngakhale phokoso lotsika, nthawi zonse amalembedwa mu treble clef. Kumbali ina, saxophone ya soprano ndi ya saxophone yomveka kwambiri komanso yaying'ono kwambiri. Zitha kukhala zowongoka kapena zopindika ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "chitoliro". Zimapangidwa mu zovala za B.

Awa ndi mitundu inayi yodziwika bwino ya ma saxophone, koma tilinso ndi ma saxophone osadziwika bwino, monga: soprano yaying'ono, mabasi, mabasi awiri ndi sub-bass.

Saxophonists

Monga tanenera poyamba, saxophone yakhala yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa oimba a jazz. Oimba aku America anali otsogolera komanso odziwa bwino chida ichi, ndipo ziwerengero monga Charlie Parker, Sidney Bechet ndi Michael Brecker ziyenera kutchulidwa pano. Sitiyeneranso kuchita manyazi m'dziko lakwathu, chifukwa tili ndi ma saxophonist angapo akuluakulu, kuphatikiza. Jan Ptaszyn Wróblewski ndi Henryk Miśkiewicz.

Opanga bwino kwambiri ma saxophone

Aliyense atha kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyana pang'ono pano, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakhala oyeserera kwambiri, koma pali mitundu ingapo, yomwe zida zambiri zimakhala zabwino kwambiri pamapangidwe ake komanso mawu. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino ikuphatikiza, pakati pa ena French Selmer, yomwe imapereka mitundu yonse ya masukulu a bajeti kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chikwama chochepa kwambiri komanso akatswiri okwera mtengo kwambiri kwa oimba ovuta kwambiri. Wopanga wina wodziwika komanso wotchuka ndi Japan Yamaha, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagulidwa ndi masukulu oimba. Keilwerth waku Germany ndi Yanagisawa waku Japan nawonso amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi oimba.

Kukambitsirana

Mosakayikira, saxophone iyenera kuonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zida zoimbira zodziwika kwambiri, osati pakati pa gulu la mphepo, koma pakati pa ena onse. Ngati titi titchule zida zisanu zotchuka kwambiri, mowerengeka kupatula piyano kapena piyano, gitala ndi ng'oma, pangakhalenso saxophone. Amadzipeza yekha mumtundu uliwonse wanyimbo, komwe amagwira ntchito bwino ngati chida chachigawo komanso payekha.