Violin amapezeka m'chipinda chapamwamba - choti achite?

Mu theka loyamba la zaka zana zapitazi, mwina panalibe aliyense amene sakanakhala ndi woyimba zeze amateur pafupi naye. Kutchuka kwa chida ichi kunatanthauza kuti zaka zambiri pambuyo pake anthu ambiri adapeza chida chakale, chonyalanyazidwa cha "agogo" m'chipinda chapamwamba kapena m'chipinda chapansi. Funso loyamba lomwe limakhalapo - kodi iwo ali ofunika chirichonse? Kodi nditani?

Antonius Stradivarius waku Cremona Ngati tipeza zolembedwa zotere pa zomata mkati mwa violin yopezeka, mwatsoka sizitanthauza chilichonse chapadera. Zida zoyambira za Stradivarius zimatsatiridwa mosamalitsa ndikusanja. Ngakhale panthawi yomwe adalengedwa, anali okwera mtengo kwambiri, kotero kuti mwayi wodutsa kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanja popanda zolemba zoyenera ndi wosafunika. Ziri pafupifupi chozizwitsa kuti iwo anangokhala m'chipinda chathu chapamwamba. Mawu akuti Antonius Stradivarius (Antonio Stradivari) okhala ndi deti loyenera akuwonetsa chithunzi cha violin yodziwika bwino yomwe luthier adatengerapo, kapena mwina kupanga. M'zaka za zana la XNUMX, mafakitale aku Czechoslovakian anali achangu kwambiri, omwe adatulutsa zida zabwino mazana ambiri pamsika. Anagwiritsa ntchito zomata zoterozo. Ma signature ena omwe amapezeka pazida zakale ndi Maggini, Guarnieri kapena Guadagnini. Zinthuzi ndi zofanana ndi za Stradivari.

Original Stradivarius, gwero: Wikipedia

Pamene sitingathe kupeza chomata mkati mwa mbale ya pansi, chikhoza kuikidwanso mkati mwa mbali, kapena kumbuyo, pa chidendene. Kumeneko mutha kuwona siginecha "Stainer", kutanthauza kuti ndi amodzi mwa makope ambiri a violin waku Austrian wopanga violin kuyambira zaka za zana la XNUMX, Jacob Stainer. Chifukwa cha nthawi ya nkhondo m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, opanga violin ochepa adapangidwa. Komano, kupanga fakitale sikunali kofala kwambiri. Choncho, n'zotheka kuti chida chakale chomwe chimapezeka m'chipinda chapamwamba ndi chopanga chapakati. Komabe, simudziwa momwe chida choterocho chidzamvekera mutachisintha moyenera. Mutha kukumana ndi mafakitale omwe amamveka oyipa kuposa zida zopangidwa ndi fakitale, komanso omwe amafanana ndi ma violin ambiri amawu.

The Polish Burban violin, gwero: Muzyczny.pl

Ndikoyenera kukonzanso Malingana ndi momwe chidacho chimapezeka, mtengo wake wokonzanso ukhoza kufika kuchokera mazana angapo mpaka ma zloty zikwi zingapo. Komabe, tisanatenge masitepe oterowo, ndikofunikira kupanga nthawi yokumana ndi luthier kukakambirana koyambirira - adzayang'ana bwino zezeyo, azitha kudziwa bwino lomwe chiyambi chake komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ndalamazo. Choyamba, yang'anani kuti nkhuni sizikukhudzidwa ndi kachilomboka ka makungwa kapena kugogoda - muzochitika zotere matabwa akhoza kukhala osasunthika kotero kuti sikofunikira kuyeretsa china chirichonse. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha bolodi la mawu, kusowa kwa ming'alu yayikulu komanso thanzi la nkhuni. Pambuyo pazaka zosungidwa m'malo osayenera, zinthuzo zimatha kufooketsa, kusweka kapena kusenda. Zotsatira (ma notche a resonance) amatha kuwongolera, koma ming'alu pamagulu akulu ikhoza kulepheretsa.

Ngati chidacho chawonongeka kapena zipangizo zosakwanira, siteji yokonzanso idzaphatikizaponso kugula suti yonse, zingwe, choyimira, kugaya kapena ngakhale kusintha kwa chala. Muyeneranso kuonetsetsa ngati padzakhala kofunikira kutsegula chida kuti m'malo mwa bass bar kapena kukonza zina.

Tsoka ilo, kubwezeretsa chida chonyalanyazidwa kapena chowonongeka ndi njira yovuta komanso yokwera mtengo. Kuti musataye ndalama zanu, musamachite kapena kugula chilichonse nokha. Wopanga violin amatha kuyesa zinthu zambiri za chidacho "ndi diso", kutengera miyeso yake, makulidwe a mbale, mtundu wa nkhuni kapena varnish. Pambuyo powerengera mosamala ndalama zokonzanso komanso mtengo womwe ungakhalepo wa malowa, zidzatheka kusankha njira zotsatirazi. Ponena za phokoso la violin, ili ndilo khalidwe lomwe limatsimikizira mtengo wamtsogolo kwambiri. Komabe, mpaka chidacho chitakonzedwanso, zidazo zimakwanira, ndipo mpaka nthawi yoyenera itadutsa kuti chidacho chigwire ntchito, palibe amene angakwanitse kugula mtengo wake. M'tsogolomu, zikhoza kukhala kuti tidzalandira violin yaikulu, koma ndizothekanso kuti zidzakhala zothandiza m'zaka zoyambirira za maphunziro. Wopanga violin adzakuthandizani kupanga chisankho - ngakhale tikaganiza zokonzanso, pali zovuta zina zomwe tiyenera kupirira.