Vyacheslav Ivanovich Suk (Suk, Vyacheslav) |

Suk, Vyacheslav

People's Artist wa RSFSR (1925). "Monga woimba yemwe adayamba ntchito pansi pa PI Tchaikovsky ndi NA Rimsky-Korsakov ndikugwira nawo ntchito, VI adatenga zambiri kuchokera kwa ambuyewa. Iye mwiniyo anali woimba wofunika kwambiri. Monga kondakitala, iye anali katswiri wa erudition kwambiri, amene tinali ochepa: pankhaniyi iye akhoza kuyerekezedwa ndi Napravnik. Anakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zomwe zingathe kuperekedwa kwa kondakitala wamkulu. VI anali likulu la moyo nyimbo za Bolshoi Theatre ndi ulamuliro waukulu: mawu ake anali lamulo kwa aliyense - "anatero Vyacheslav Ivanovich."

Sizopanda kanthu kuti M. Ippolitov-Ivanov akufanizira Bitch ndi Napravnik m'mawu awa. Mfundo sikuti onse awiri, Czechs ndi dziko, anapeza dziko latsopano ku Russia, anakhala ziwerengero za ndendende Russian nyimbo chikhalidwe. Kuyerekeza uku kuli koyeneranso chifukwa udindo wa Sook mu moyo wa Bolshoi Theatre ndi wofanana ndi ntchito ya Napravnik pokhudzana ndi St. Petersburg Mariinsky Theatre. Mu 1906 iye anabwera ku Bolshoi Theatre ndi ntchito kumeneko mpaka imfa yake. Mphindi zochepa asanamwalire Vyacheslav Ivanovich anakambitsirana ndi antchito ake tsatanetsatane wa kupanga The Tale of the Invisible City of Kitezh. Mbuye wodabwitsayo adapereka ndodo yautumiki wosatopa ku zaluso ku mbadwo watsopano wa okonda Soviet.

Anabwera ku Russia ngati woimba nyimbo za violini m'gulu loimba ndi F. Laub wochokera ku Prague, kumene anamaliza maphunziro ake ku Conservatory mu 1879. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, ntchito yake mu gawo la nyimbo za ku Russia inayamba. Panalibe zokwera ndi zotsika zodabwitsa pantchito yake. Mouma khosi komanso molimbikira, adakwaniritsa ntchito zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa, kupeza chidziwitso. Poyamba, wojambula wamng'onoyo anali woyimba zeze mu gulu la oimba a Kyiv Private Opera I. Ya. Setov, ndiye ku Bolshoi Theatre. Kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 80, ntchito zake zoyendetsera ntchito zinayamba m'mizinda yachigawo - Kharkov, Taganrog, Vilna, Minsk, Odessa, Kazan, Saratov; ku Moscow, Suk amachita zisudzo za Italy Opera Association, ku St. Petersburg amatsogolera Novaya Opera payekha. Panthawi imeneyo, nthawi zambiri ankagwira ntchito ndi magulu oimba ofooka, koma kulikonse adapeza zotsatira zaluso, molimba mtima akusintha nyimboyi mopanda ntchito zachikale za nyimbo za ku Russia ndi Western Europe. Ngakhale “m’nthaŵi yachigawo” imeneyo Tchaikovsky anadziŵa za luso la Suk, yemwe analemba za iye mu 1888 kuti: “Ndinadabwa kwambiri ndi luso la wotsogolera gulu lake.

Pomaliza, mu 1906, kale nzeru ndi zinachitikira, Suk anatsogolera Bolshoi Theatre, kufika pamwamba pa zojambulajambula pano. Anayamba ndi "Aida" ndipo kenaka anatembenukira ku zitsanzo zabwino zakunja (mwachitsanzo, nyimbo za Wagner, "Carmen"); nyimbo zake zanthawi zonse zinali ndi pafupifupi ma opera makumi asanu. Komabe, chifundo chopanda malire cha wochititsa anapatsidwa kwa opera Russian, ndipo koposa zonse kwa Tchaikovsky ndi Rimsky-Korsakov. Motsogozedwa ndi Eugene Onegin, Mfumukazi ya Spades, Snow Maiden, Sadko, May Night, The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh, The Golden Cockerel ndi zina mwaluso za oimba ambiri aku Russia. Ambiri aiwo adawonetsedwa koyamba ku Bolshoi Theatre ndi Suk.

Anatha kupatsira gulu lonse lochita masewerawa ndi chidwi chake. Iye adawona ntchito yake yayikulu pakusamutsa kwenikweni kwa cholinga cha wolemba. Suk anatsindika mobwerezabwereza kuti “wotsogolera ayenera kukhala womasulira wachifundo wa woiimbayo, osati wotsutsa wanjiru amene amadziona kuti akudziwa zambiri kuposa wolembayo.” Ndipo Suk anagwira ntchito molimbika pa ntchitoyi, akuwongolera mawu onse mosamala kwambiri, kuti apindule kwambiri ndi oimba, oimba, ndi oimba. "Vyacheslav Ivanovich," akutero woyimba zeze KA Erdeli, "nthawi zonse ankafufuza tsatanetsatane wa nuances kwa nthawi yaitali, koma nthawi yomweyo anayang'ana kuwulula khalidwe lonse. Poyamba zikuwoneka kuti kondakitala amakhala pa tinthu tating'ono kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma luso lonse laluso likaperekedwa momalizidwa, cholinga ndi zotsatira za njira yotereyi zimamveka bwino. Vyacheslav Ivanovich Suk anali munthu wansangala ndi wochezeka, wovuta mlangizi achinyamata. Mkhalidwe wachisangalalo chosowa komanso kukonda nyimbo kunkalamulira ku Bolshoi Theatre. "

Pambuyo pa Great October Revolution, pamene akupitiriza ntchito yake yogwira mu zisudzo (osati Bolshoi, komanso Stanislavsky Opera Theatre), Suk mwadongosolo amachita pa siteji konsati. Ndipo apa nyimbo ya kondakitala inali yotakata kwambiri. Malinga ndi lingaliro logwirizana la anthu a m'nthawi yake, ngale ya mapulogalamu ake nthawi zonse ndi nyimbo zitatu zomaliza za Tchaikovsky, ndipo pamwamba pa Pathetique. Ndipo mu konsati yake yomaliza pa December 6, 1932, iye anachita symphonie Chachinayi ndi Chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha wopeka wamkulu wa ku Russia. Suk adatumikira mokhulupirika luso loimba la Russia, ndipo pambuyo pa chigonjetso cha October adakhala mmodzi wa omanga achangu a chikhalidwe cha Socialist.

Lit.: I. Remezov. VI Suk. M., 1933.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek