Alexander Vasilievich Alexandrov |

Alexander Alexandrov

AV Alexandrov adalowa m'mbiri ya luso la nyimbo za Soviet makamaka monga mlembi wa nyimbo zokongola, zapadera zapachiyambi komanso monga mlengi wa Red Banner Song ndi Dance Ensemble ya Soviet Army, imodzi yokha ya mtundu wake. Alexandrov analembanso ntchito mu Mitundu ina, koma panali ochepa a iwo: 2 operas, symphony, symphonic ndakatulo (zonse m'manuscript), sonata kwa violin ndi limba. Nyimbo yomwe ankaikonda kwambiri inali nyimbo. Nyimboyi, wolembayo adanena kuti, ndi chiyambi cha chiyambi cha luso la nyimbo. Nyimboyi ikupitirizabe kukhala yokondedwa kwambiri, yochuluka, yopezeka kwambiri yojambula nyimbo. Lingaliroli limatsimikiziridwa ndi nyimbo zoyambira 81 komanso zosintha zopitilira 70 zamitundu yaku Russia ndi nyimbo zosinthira.

Alexandrov mwachibadwa anapatsidwa mawu okongola komanso nyimbo zosowa. Kale ali mnyamata wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi, akuimba m’gulu lina la kwaya ku St. Kumeneko, motsogozedwa ndi wotsogolera wodziwika bwino wakwaya A. Arkhangelsky, mnyamatayo amamvetsetsa zovuta za luso la mawu ndi regency. Koma Alexandrov anachita chidwi osati ndi nyimbo zakwaya. Nthawi zonse amapita ku ma concert a symphony ndi chipinda, zisudzo za opera.

Kuyambira 1900 Aleksandrov wakhala wophunzira wa St. Petersburg Conservatory m'kalasi yolemba A. Glazunov ndi A. Lyadov. Komabe, posakhalitsa anakakamizika kuchoka ku St. Petersburg ndi kusokoneza maphunziro ake kwa nthawi yaitali: nyengo yachinyezi ya St. Only mu 1909 Aleksandrov analowa Moscow Conservatory mu zapaderazi awiri mwakamodzi - zikuchokera (kalasi Prof. S. Vasilenko) ndi mawu (kalasi U. Mazetti). Anapereka sewero limodzi la Rusalka lochokera ku A. Pushkin ngati ntchito yomaliza maphunziro ake ndipo adapatsidwa Mendulo Yaikulu ya Siliva chifukwa chake.

Mu 1918, Alexandrov anaitanidwa ku Moscow Conservatory monga mphunzitsi wa maphunziro a nyimbo ndi chiphunzitso, ndipo patatha zaka 4 anapatsidwa udindo wa pulofesa. Chochitika chofunikira m'moyo ndi ntchito ya Aleksandrov chidadziwika mu 1928: adakhala m'modzi mwa okonza ndiukadaulo wanyimbo yoyamba ya Red Army ndi Dance Ensemble. Tsopano ndi Tchaikovsky Red Banner Academic Song and Dance Ensemble of the Soviet Army, yomwe yapeza kutchuka padziko lonse kawiri. AV Alexandrova. Ndiye gulu inkakhala anthu 12 okha: 8 oimba, accordion player, owerenga ndi 2 ovina. Kale sewero loyamba la October 12, 1928 ku Central House of the Red Army motsogoleredwa ndi Alexandrov anakumana ndi phwando lachisangalalo kuchokera kwa omvera. Monga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu, gululo adakonza zolemba ndi nyimbo "22nd Krasnodar Division in Songs". Ntchito yaikulu ya gulu anali kutumikira mayunitsi a Red Army, koma anachita pamaso pa antchito, alimi gulu, ndi anzeru Soviet. Aleksandoov ankamvetsera kwambiri nyimbo za ensemble. Anayenda kwambiri kuzungulira dzikolo, kusonkhanitsa ndi kujambula nyimbo zankhondo, ndiyeno anayamba kudzipanga yekha. Nyimbo yake yoyamba pamutu wokonda dziko lake inali "Tiyeni tikumbukire, abwenzi" (Art. S. Alymova). Zinatsatiridwa ndi ena - "Kumenya kuchokera kumwamba, ndege", "Zabaikalskaya", "Krasnoflotskaya-Amurskaya", "Nyimbo ya Fifth Division" (zonse pa siteshoni ya S. Alymov), "Nyimbo ya zigawenga" (art. S. . Mikhalkov). Echelonnaya (ndakatulo za O. Kolychev) adapambana kutchuka kwambiri.

Mu 1937, boma linaganiza zotumiza gululo ku Paris, ku World Exhibition. Pa Seputembala 9, 1937, gulu la Red Banner lovala yunifolomu yankhondo idayima pabwalo la holo ya konsati ya Pleyel, yodzaza ndi omvera. Anthu anaombera m’manja, Alexandrov anakwera pabwalo, ndipo phokoso la asilikali a Marseillaise linamveka muholoyo. Aliyense anadzuka. Pamene nyimbo yosangalatsa imeneyi ya Kuukira Ufumu kwa ku France inamveka, panali mkokomo wa kuwomba m’manja. Pambuyo pa sewero la "Internationale" kuwomba m'manja kunali kotalika. Tsiku lotsatira, ndemanga zabwino za gululo ndi mtsogoleri wake zidawonekera m'manyuzipepala a Parisian. Wolemba nyimbo wotchuka wa ku France dzina lake J. Auric analemba kuti: “Kodi kwaya yotere ingayerekezedwe ndi chiyani?. zomwe zimatembenuza oyimba awa kukhala chida chimodzi ndi mtundu wanji. Gulu ili lagonjetsa kale Paris ... Dziko lomwe lili ndi akatswiri otere likhoza kunyadira. Alexandrov anagwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lapansi. Analemba nyimbo zambiri zosonyeza kukonda dziko lako, monga Holy Leninist Banner, 25 Years of the Red Army, Ndakatulo yonena za Ukraine (zonse zili pa siteshoni ya O. Kolychev). Mwa awa, - analemba Alexander Vasilyevich, - "Nkhondo Yopatulika" inalowa moyo wa asilikali ndi anthu onse monga nyimbo yobwezera ndi matemberero motsutsana ndi Hitlerism. Nyimbo ya alamu iyi, nyimbo ya lumbiro, ndipo tsopano, monga m'zaka zowawa zankhondo, imakondweretsa kwambiri anthu a Soviet.

Mu 1939, Alexandrov analemba "Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach). Pamene mpikisano wopanga nyimbo yatsopano ya Soviet Union unalengezedwa, adapereka nyimbo za "Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" ndi malemba a S. Mikhalkov ndi G. El-Registan. Usiku woti 1944 asanafike, mawailesi onse a dzikolo kwa nthawi yoyamba anafalitsa nyimbo yatsopano ya Soviet Union yopangidwa ndi gulu la Red Banner Ensemble.

Kugwira ntchito yochuluka yotumikira magulu a Soviet Army, m'zaka za nkhondo ndi nthawi yamtendere, Aleksandrov anasonyezanso kukhudzidwa ndi maphunziro okongoletsa a anthu a Soviet. Anali wotsimikiza kuti gulu la Red Banner Ensemble la Red Army Song ndi Dance lingathe ndipo liyenera kukhala chitsanzo pakupanga ma ensembles kumakalabu a ogwira ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Alexandrov sanangopereka malangizo okhudza kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu oimba ndi kuvina, komanso kuwapatsa chithandizo chothandiza. Mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake, Alexandrov adagwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zake zazikulu zakulenga - adamwalira ku Berlin, paulendo wa gululo. Mu imodzi mwa makalata ake otsiriza, monga kuti akufotokoza mwachidule moyo wake, Alexander Vasilyevich analemba kuti: "... zabwino ndi zoipa zambiri. Ndipo moyo unali kulimbana mosalekeza, wodzala ndi ntchito, nkhawa ... Koma ine sindimadandaula chilichonse. Ndikuyamikira choikidwiratu chifukwa cha chenicheni chakuti moyo wanga, ntchito yanga yabweretsa zipatso ku dziko lokondedwa la Abambo ndi anthu. Ichi ndi chisangalalo chachikulu. ”…

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