Arvo Avgustovich Part |

Gawo la Arvo

Arvo Pärt ndi m'modzi mwa olemba ozama komanso auzimu anthawi yathu ino, wojambula wokhudzika kwambiri wamkati komanso wosavuta. Iye akufanana ndi oimba otchuka amakono monga A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, G. Kancheli, E. Denisov. Anayamba kutchuka m'zaka za m'ma 50, akulemba mu kalembedwe ka neoclassicism, kenako adayesa zida zonse za avant-garde - serial technique, sonorics, polystylistics; mmodzi wa oyamba pakati pa oimba Soviet anatembenukira ku aleatorics ndi collage. Zina mwa ntchito za zaka zimenezo - "Obituary" kwa oimba a symphony, sewero la "Perpetuum Mobile", loperekedwa kwa Luigi Nono; "Collage pamutuwu BACH", Second Symphony, cello concerto "Pro et contra", cantata "Credo" (pamawu a Ulaliki wa Paphiri). Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60, mosayembekezereka kwa aliyense, Pärt anasiya avant-garde ndipo sanalembe chilichonse kwa zaka 8 (ma symphonies 3 okha adawonekera).

Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, wolembayo wakhala akuphunzira mwakhama nyimbo zoyambirira mogwirizana ndi gulu la Hortus musicus. Kudziwana ndi nyimbo za Gregorian ndi polyphony zakale kunatsimikizira momwe wolemba adasinthira ku diatonicity, modality ndi euphony. “Nyimbo za Gregory zinandiphunzitsa chimene chinsinsi cha zakuthambo chimabisidwa m’luso la kuphatikiza manotsi aŵiri kapena atatu,” anatsindika motero wolemba nyimboyo. Kuyambira pano, kupanga nyimbo kumakhala kwa Pärt ngati ntchito yapamwamba, yodzichepetsa komanso yodzikana.

Wopeka nyimboyo anatcha kalembedwe kake katsopanoko, kozikidwa pa mamvekedwe osavuta kumva, tintinnabuli (lat. mabelu) ndipo anailongosola kukhala “kuthaŵira ku umphaŵi waufulu.” Komabe, nyimbo zake "zosavuta", "zosauka" komanso zowoneka bwino ndizovuta komanso zomangidwa mosamala. Wopeka mobwerezabwereza ananena kuti osati nyimbo zokha, komanso cosmos zimayendetsedwa ndi nambala, "ndipo nambala iyi, zikuwoneka kwa ine, ndi imodzi. Koma zabisika, uyenera kupitako, tangoganizani, apo ayi titayika muchisokonezo. " Nambala ya Pärt si gulu la filosofi, komanso limatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe.

Ntchito zoyamba zapakati pa zaka za m'ma 70, zomwe zidapangidwa mwanjira ya "kuphweka kwatsopano" - Arbos, Fraters, Summa, Tabula rasa ndi ena adabweretsa kutchuka kwa Pärt padziko lonse lapansi ndipo amachitidwa mofala. Atasamuka ku Soviet Union (1980), Pärt amakhala ku Berlin ndipo amalemba pafupifupi nyimbo zopatulika ku zolemba zachikatolika ndi Orthodox (mu 1972 wolemba nyimboyo adatembenukira ku chikhulupiriro cha Orthodox). Pakati pawo: Stabat Mater, Berlin mass, "Song of Silouan" (Monk of Athos), Cantus pokumbukira B. Britten, Te Deum, Miserere, Magnificat, "Song of the Pilgrimage", "Tsopano ndikupita kwa inu", "Njira yanga ikudutsa m'mapiri ndi zigwa", "Dona Wathu wa Namwali", "Ine ndine mpesa weniweni" ndi ena ambiri.

Chitsime: meloman.ru