Bayan: ndi chiyani, kapangidwe ka zida, mawu, mbiri, mitundu, ntchito

Atawonekera koyamba ku Europe, batani la accordion, ngati mtundu wa harmonica, linafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Koma chida ichi choimbira chimakondabe chikondi chachikulu kwambiri ku Russia - palibe konsati imodzi ya nyimbo zamtundu wosaganizirika popanda izo.

Kodi batani la accordion ndi chiyani

Gulu la zida zomwe batani la accordion limakhala ndi bango, kiyibodi-pneumatic. Ili ndi mtundu waku Russia wa accordion yamanja yokhala ndi ma kiyibodi awiri. Wachibale wapafupi kwambiri ndi accordion.

Chidacho chimakhala ndi phokoso lalikulu - 5 octaves. Mapangidwe a chidacho ndi ofanana-ukali.

Universal - oyenera oimba okha, operekeza. Zimamveka zolemera, zokhoza kusintha gulu lonse la oimba. Bayan amamvera nyimbo zilizonse - kuchokera kwa anthu kupita ku virtuoso, zachikale.

Kodi batani la accordion lili bwanji

Kukonzekera kwa batani la accordion kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, mwachidziwitso chidacho chimagawidwa kumanzere ndi kumanja, komwe kuli ubweya.

Gawo lakumanja

Ndi bokosi lamakona anayi omwe khosi, soundboard, makina apadera amamangiriridwa. Mwa kukanikiza kiyi inayake, woimbayo amayamba makinawo. Kuphatikiza apo, valavu imakwezedwa mkati, kupatsa mpweya wofikira ku ma resonator.

Zomwe zili m'bokosilo ndi nkhuni (birch, spruce, mapulo).

Mbali yakunja ya khosi ili ndi makiyi akusewera okonzedwa mwadongosolo lachromatic. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kukhala ndi mizere itatu, inayi, isanu ya makiyi.

chakumbali

Bokosi lakumanzere lilinso ndi kiyibodi. Mabatani amagawidwa m'mizere 5-6. Mizere iwiri yoyamba ndi mabasi, ena onse ndi okonzeka opangidwa. Pali kaundula yapadera yomwe imakulolani kuti musinthe njira yotulutsa mawu kuchokera pakukonzekera kupita ku chisankho. M'kati mwa bokosi muli njira yovuta mothandizidwa ndi zomwe phokoso limatha kuchotsedwa ndi dzanja lamanzere mu machitidwe a 2: okonzeka, okonzeka kusankha.

Fur

Cholinga - kulumikiza kumanzere, kumanja kwa batani la accordion. Amapangidwa ndi makatoni, amamatira ndi nsalu pamwamba. Chipinda chaubweya chokhazikika chimakhala ndi mikwingwirima 14-15.

Mbali yakumbuyo ya chidacho imakhala ndi zomangira zomwe zimathandiza wojambulayo kuti agwire kapangidwe kake. Kulemera kwapakati kwa batani la accordion ndi kochititsa chidwi - pafupifupi 10 kg. Zolemera kwambiri, zoimbaimba, zimafika kulemera kwa 15 kg.

Kodi accordion amamveka bwanji?

Chidacho chimakondedwa chifukwa chakuwonekera kwake, kuthekera kolemera, mwayi wambiri wokonzanso.

Phokoso la accordion ndi lowala, lolemera, lotha kufotokoza malingaliro onse aumunthu, kuchokera ku chisangalalo mpaka kuzunzika. Amabadwa, chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa mabango omwe ali m'mipiringidzo ya mawu, ndi mapulasitiki, okongola.

Kukhalapo kwa zolembera ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino chachitsanzocho, chomwe chimakulolani kusiyanitsa timbre, kupatsa phokoso mthunzi uliwonse, kuchokera ku kukoma kwa violin kupita ku chikumbukiro cha chiwalo. Akatswiri amakhulupirira moyenerera kuti batani limodzi la accordion limatha kusintha bwino gulu la oimba laling'ono, limamveka bwino kwambiri.

Mbiri ya batani accordion

Ofufuza ena amawerengera mbiriyakale ya kukula kwa batani la accordion kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, kutcha chida chakum'mawa "sheng" kholo. Zinkawoneka pafupifupi zaka 3 zapitazo, zinali ndi malirime, ndipo kenako zinasintha, kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

The woyamba batani accordion anaonekera ku Ulaya. Ambuye angapo anali ndi dzanja pakupanga kwake kamodzi: Czech F. Kirchner, German F. Bushman, Austrian K. Demian. Mwalamulo, mmisiri wa ku Bavaria G. Mirwald amaonedwa kuti ndi "bambo" wa accordion yamakono yamakono, choncho Germany imatchedwa malo obadwirako chida.

Mirwald anapanga accordion ya batani mu 1891. Mbuyeyo anawongolera chitsanzo cha harmonica chamanja chodziwika bwino kwa aliyense, ndikuchipatsa kiyibodi ya mizere itatu, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma octave anayi, ndikukonza zolakwika zingapo zomwe zilipo.

Oimba aku Europe analibe chidwi ndi zatsopanozi, chidwi nacho kunja chinali chofooka. Koma ku Russia, kumene chida chinabweretsedwa mu 1892, chinayamba kutchuka. Iwo adabwera ndi dzina lachi Russia kwa iye - polemekeza Boyan, wolemba nkhani wakale kwambiri ku Russia. Choncho, tingathe kuona kuti accordion yoyamba ya dziko lapansi ndi lingaliro lapakhomo - m'mayiko ena chida ichi chili ndi dzina losiyana.

Ma Bayans opangidwa ku Russia ankawoneka mosiyana - ambuye adayesa kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kumasula zitsanzo ndi timbre kukumbukira clarinets, accordions, pianos.

Zachilendo zaku Russia zidalowa mu oimba ndi dzanja lopepuka la master Sterligov, yemwe adapanga kiyibodi ya mizere 4-5 makamaka kwa akatswiri oimba. Mapangidwe a chitsanzo chake ndi pafupifupi ofanana ndi zitsanzo zamakono.

Mitundu ya ma accordion a batani

Masiku ano, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu - orchestral, wamba.

Oimba

Chodziwika bwino ndi kupezeka kwa kiyibodi kumanja kokha. Pali magulu awiri a orchestral zosinthidwa:

• Mitundu yomwe imasiyana mosiyanasiyana (piccolo, bass double, bass, alto, tenor, prima),
• Mitundu yomwe imasiyana mumtundu wa timbre (oboe, chitoliro, lipenga, clarinet, bassoon).

Normal

Gululi lili ndi zida za 2 zomwe zimasiyana pamakina ophatikizira omwe amaperekedwa kumanzere:

• okonzeka - mabatani kumanzere ndi mabasi ndi nyimbo zokonzeka,
• okonzeka-kusankha - imakhala ndi machitidwe a 2 (okonzeka, osankhidwa) omwe amatha kuwasintha kudzera mu kaundula wapadera. Mawonekedwe a chida chotere amawonjezeka, koma zimakhala zovuta kuti woimba aziyimba.

Zitsanzo zimagawidwanso ndi chiwerengero cha mavoti: 2, 3, 4, 5-mawu amasiyanitsidwa.

kugwiritsa

Kusinthasintha kwa chidacho, kuthekera koyimba payekha, kutsagana, kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kulikonse - m'magulu oimba amtundu wa anthu, ma ensembles. Mitundu yonse yamitundu yanyimbo, kuyambira techno mpaka jazi, rock, imaphatikizanso mu nyimbo zawo.

Bayan imayenda bwino ndi pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya zida zomwe zilipo - makiyibodi, mphepo, zingwe, zingwe. Zimamveka bwino ntchito za classics - Beethoven, Bach, Tchaikovsky.

Koma chofunikira kwambiri, Sewero lomwe lili pamenepo likupezeka kwa mafani. Choncho, ku Russia bwino harmonica nthawi zambiri kumawoneka pa maukwati, kunyumba ndi zikondwerero za banja.