Buffoons: mbiri ya zochitika za buffoonery ndi nyimbo zake.

Buffoons ndi ochiritsa ndi oimba nyimbo zamwambo zomwe zinatsalira pambuyo pa Ubatizo wa Rus ndi Vladimir. Iwo ankayendayenda m’mizinda ndi m’matawuni n’kumaimba nyimbo zakale zachikunja, ankadziwa zambiri za ufiti, komanso ankachita zisudzo. Nthaŵi zina, ankatha kuchiritsa odwala, kupereka malangizo abwino, komanso kusangalatsa anthu ndi nyimbo, magule ndi nthabwala.

Mu zipilala zolembalemba za m'zaka za zana la 11, pali kale kutchulidwa kwa buffoons monga anthu omwe amaphatikiza makhalidwe a oimira ntchito zaluso monga oimba, oimba, ochita zisudzo, ovina, okamba nkhani, acrobat, amatsenga, nthabwala zoseketsa ndi zisudzo zochititsa chidwi.

Anthuwa ankagwiritsa ntchito zida zamtundu wa anthu monga zitoliro zophatikizika, maseche ndi azeze, mapaipi amatabwa ndi chitoliro cha Pan. Koma chida chachikulu cha buffoons ndi gusli, chifukwa amawonetsedwa m'zipilala zosiyanasiyana za mbiri yakale potengera luso la nyimbo ndi buffoon, mwachitsanzo, pamafrescoes, m'mabuku ang'onoang'ono, komanso amayimba m'mabuku.

Pamodzi ndi gusli, chida chodalirika chotchedwa "beep" nthawi zambiri chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chinali ndi bolodi lomveka ngati peyala; choimbiracho chinali ndi zingwe 3, ziwiri zinali zingwe za bourdon, ndipo imodzi inali ndi nyimbo. Ma buffoons nawonso ankaimba ma nozzles - zitoliro zakutali. N’zochititsa chidwi kuti nsonga ndi azeze m’mabuku akale a Chirasha nthawi zambiri ankasiyana ndi lipenga limene anthu ankagwiritsa ntchito posonkhanitsa asilikali kuti apite kunkhondo.

Kuphatikiza pa ma buffoons, pafupi ndi zeze, chifaniziro cha wokalamba wa imvi (nthawi zambiri akhungu) adatchulidwanso, yemwe adayimba ma epics ndi nthano za ntchito zakale, zopambana, ulemerero ndi zaumulungu. Zimadziwika kuti panali oimba otere ku Veliky Novgorod ndi Kyiv - Kyiv ndi Novgorod epics afika kwa ife.

Kufanana pakati pa nyimbo za ku Europe ndi mayendedwe opatulika

Mofanana ndi ma buffoons, panali oimba ndi oimba m'mayiko ena - awa anali jugglers, rhapsodists, shpilmans, bards ndi ena ambiri.

Aselote anali ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu - mabadi, awa anali oimba a nthano ndi nthano zakale, anthu omwe ankadziwa zinsinsi ndipo amalemekezedwa ndi ena, chifukwa ankaonedwa kuti ndi amithenga a milungu. Bard ndiye woyamba mwa masitepe atatu kuti akhale druid, gawo lapamwamba kwambiri muulamuliro wauzimu. Ulalo wapakatikati unali phyla, omwenso anali oimba (malinga ndi magwero ena), koma adatenga gawo lalikulu pa moyo wapagulu ndi chitukuko cha boma.

Anthu a ku Scandinavia anali ndi skalds omwe anali ndi mphamvu zazikulu zowotcha mitima ya anthu ndi mavesi ndi nyimbo, koma nyimbo sizinali ntchito yawo yaikulu, ankalima minda, kumenyana ndi kukhala ngati anthu wamba.

Chikhalidwe chakuzirala cha buffoonery

Tchalitchicho chinazunza kwambiri anthu oimba nyimbo, ndipo zida zawo zoimbira zinatenthedwa pamtengo. Kwa tchalitchi, iwo anali zigawenga, zotsalira za chikhulupiriro chakale zomwe zinkafunika kudulidwa ngati namsongole, kotero kuti ma buffoons anazunzidwa ndi kuwonongedwa mwakuthupi ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo a Orthodox.

Pambuyo pa zilango zinazake, oimba achikunjawo anathetsedwa kotheratu, koma tidakali ndi nyimbo zomwe zinaperekedwa pakamwa, tidakali ndi nthano ndi zithunzi za maguslars oseketsa. Kodi anali ndani kwenikweni? -Sitikudziwa, koma chachikulu ndikuti chifukwa cha oimbawa tidali ndi nthanga za kukumbukira kopatulika.