Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik |

Eduard Napravník

Wotsogolera. "Harold". Khalani pansi, wokondedwa (M. May-Fiegner)

Napravnik adalowa m'mbiri ya nyimbo zaku Russia ngati wochititsa chidwi komanso wopeka waluso. Ali ndi ma 4 oimba, 4 symphonies, zidutswa za orchestral, konsati ya piyano, ma ensembles a chipinda, kwaya, zokondana, nyimbo za pianoforte, violin, cello, etc. Monga woimba, Napravnik analibe umunthu wowala wolenga; ntchito zake zimadziwika ndi chikoka cha olemba osiyanasiyana ndipo, kuposa ena, ndi Tchaikovsky. Komabe, ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya Napravnik, opera ya Dubrovsky, ili ndi luso lalikulu la luso; Anabweretsa wolembayo kutchuka koyenera.

Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik, Czech ndi fuko, anabadwa pa August 12 (24), 1839 ku Bohemia (m'mudzi wa Beishta, pafupi ndi Kenigrets). Bambo ake anali mphunzitsi wa sukulu, wotsogolera kwaya ya tchalitchi komanso woimba nyimbo. Wolemba zamtsogolo adaphunzitsidwa ku Organ School ku Prague. Mu 1861, Napravnik anasamukira ku St. Petersburg, kumene anapeza nyumba yake yachiŵiri. Patapita zaka ziwiri anakhala mphunzitsi ndi oimba pa Mariinsky Theatre. Kuchokera mu 1869 mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake, Napravnik anakhalabe wotsogolera wamkulu wa zisudzo izi; Iye ankaimbanso ngati kondakitala wa symphony makonsati a Russian Musical Society.

Pa Mariinsky Theatre motsogozedwa ndi Napravnik, zida 80 zidaphunziridwa ndikuchitidwa. Ngakhale oyang'anira zisudzo, akuwonetsa zokonda za anthu olemekezeka, adakonda zisudzo zaku Italy, adalimbikitsa mosatopa ntchito ya oimba aku Russia. Anapanga nyimbo zoyamba za Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov (Tchaikovsky, Rubinstein, Serov; opera ya Glinka Ruslan ndi Lyudmila poyamba inachitidwa mosadulidwa ndi kupotozedwa pansi pa ndodo ya Napravnik.

Napravnik adapanganso zisudzo zake ku Mariinsky Theatre: The Nizhny Novgorod People (libretto ndi PI Kalashnikov, 1868), Harold (kutengera sewero la E. Wildenbruch, 1885), ndi Dubrovsky (kutengera nkhani ya AS Pushkin, 1894 ) ndi "Francesca da Rimini" (zochokera ku tsoka la S. Philipps, 1902).

Napravnik anamwalira ku St. Petersburg pa November 10 (23), 1916.

M. Druskin

• Eduard Napravnik ku Imperial Russian Opera →

Wolemba nyimbo wa ku Russia ndi kondakitala, Czech ndi dziko, ankakhala ku St. Anachita kupanga koyamba kwa zisudzo zingapo. Zina mwa izo ndi "The Stone Guest" ndi Dargomyzhsky (1861); "Pskovite" (1867), "May Night" (1869), "Snow Maiden" (1916) Rimsky-Korsakov; Boris Godunov ndi Mussorgsky (1), The Demon by Rubinstein (1872), The Maid of Orleans (1873), The Queen of Spades (1880), Iolanthe (1882) ndi Tchaikovsky; ntchito ndi Cui, Serov.

Zina mwazopanga zoyamba zamasewera akunja ndi Faust (1), Carmen (1869), Verdi's Othello (1885) ndi Falstaff (1887), tetralogy ya Wagner Der Ring des Nibelungen (1894-1900) ndi ena.

Zina mwa ntchito za Napravnik, kupambana kwakukulu kunagwera pa opera ya Dubrovsky (1894), yomwe idatsalira pazisudzo. Mwa ena, timawona "Francesca da Rimini" (1902, St. Petersburg). Kawirikawiri, ntchito ya Napravnik monga woimba ilibe tanthauzo lofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha Chirasha monga ntchito yake m'munda wa otsogolera.

E. Tsodokov