Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov |

Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov

Mukaganizira za oimba a Soviet a m'badwo wakale, omwe M. Ippolitov-Ivanov anali nawo, mumadabwa kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwa ntchito yawo yolenga. Ndipo N. Myaskovsky, ndi R. Glier, ndi M. Gnesin, ndi Ippolitov-Ivanov adadziwonetsera okha m'madera osiyanasiyana m'zaka zoyambirira pambuyo pa Great October Socialist Revolution.

Ippolitov-Ivanov anakumana ndi October Wamkulu monga munthu wokhwima, wokhwima ndi woimba. Pa nthawiyi, iye anali mlengi wa zisudzo zisanu, angapo symphonic ntchito, amene anadziwika kwambiri Sketches Caucasian, komanso mlembi wa kwaya chidwi ndi zachikondi, amene anapeza oimba kwambiri F. Chaliapin, A. Nezhdanova. , N. Kalinina, V Petrova-Zvantseva ndi ena. Njira yolenga ya Ippolitov-Ivanov inayamba mu 1882 ku Tiflis, komwe anafika atamaliza maphunziro awo ku St. M'zaka izi, wopeka wamng'ono amathera mphamvu zambiri ntchito (iye ndi wotsogolera opera House), amaphunzitsa pa sukulu nyimbo, ndipo amalenga ntchito zake zoyamba. Kuyesa koyamba kwa Ippolitov-Ivanov (masewera a Ruth, Azra, Sketi za Caucasian) adawonetsa kale mawonekedwe ake onse: nyimbo zoyimba, nyimbo, kukokera kwamitundu yaying'ono. Kukongola kodabwitsa kwa Georgia, miyambo ya anthu imakondweretsa woimba waku Russia. Amakonda kwambiri nthano zachijojiya, analemba nyimbo zamtundu wa anthu ku Kakheti mu 1883, ndikuziphunzira.

Mu 1893, Ippolitov-Ivanov anakhala pulofesa ku Moscow Conservatory, kumene zaka zosiyanasiyana oimba ambiri odziwika bwino anaphunzira naye zikuchokera (S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, N. Golovanov, A. Goldenweiser, L. Nikolaev, Yu. Engel ndi ena). Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XIX-XX. adadziwika kuti Ippolitov-Ivanov ndi chiyambi cha ntchito monga wochititsa Moscow Russian Private Opera. Pa siteji ya zisudzo izi, chifukwa cha chidwi ndi nyimbo za Ippolitov-Ivanov, P. Tchaikovsky wa zisudzo "The Enchantress, Mazepa, Cherevichki" amene sanapambane mu kupanga Bolshoi Theatre, "anakonzanso". Anapanganso nyimbo zoyamba za Rimsky-Korsakov (The Tsar's Bride, The Tale of Tsar Saltan, Kashchei the Immortal).

Mu 1906, Ippolitov-Ivanov anakhala wotsogolera woyamba kusankhidwa wa Moscow Conservatory. M'zaka khumi zisanayambe kusintha, zochitika za Ippolitov-Ivanov, wotsogolera misonkhano ya symphonic ya RMS ndi ma concert a Russian Choral Society, zinawululidwa, korona yomwe inali yoyamba ku Moscow pa March 9, 1913 ya JS. Bach's Matthew Passion. Zokonda zake mu nthawi ya Soviet ndizosazolowereka. Mu 1918, Ippolitov-Ivanov anasankhidwa woyamba Soviet rector wa Moscow Conservatory. Amapita ku Tiflis kawiri kuti akakonzenso Conservatory ya Tiflis, ndi wotsogolera Bolshoi Theatre ku Moscow, amatsogolera kalasi ya zisudzo ku Moscow Conservatory, ndipo amathera nthawi yambiri akugwira ntchito ndi magulu osaphunzira. M'zaka zomwezo, Ippolitov-Ivanov amalenga wotchuka "Voroshilov March", amatanthauza cholowa kulenga M. Mussorgsky - iye orchestrates siteji pa St. Basil's (Boris Godunov), akumaliza "Ukwati"; amapanga opera The Last Barricade (chiwembu kuyambira nthawi ya Paris Commune).

Zina mwa ntchito zazaka zaposachedwa ndi 3 symphonic suites pamitu ya anthu aku Soviet East: "zidutswa za Turkic", "m'mapiri a Turkmenistan", "Zithunzi zanyimbo za Uzbekistan". Ntchito zambiri za Ippolitov-Ivanov ndi chitsanzo chophunzitsa chautumiki wosakondweretsedwa ku chikhalidwe cha nyimbo cha dziko.

N. Sokolov

Zolemba:

machitidwe - Pa nkhata ya Pushkin (opera ya ana, 1881), Ruth (pambuyo pa AK Tolstoy, 1887, Tbilisi Opera House), Azra (malinga ndi nthano yachiMoor, 1890, ibid.), Asya (pambuyo pa IS Turgenev, 1900, Moscow Solodovnikov Theatre), Treason (1910, Zimin Opera House, Moscow), Ole wochokera ku Norland (1916, Bolshoi Theatre, Moscow), Ukwati (2-4 mpaka opera yosamalizidwa ndi MP Mussorgsky, 1931, Radio Theatre, Moscow ), The Last Barricade (1933); cantata pokumbukira Pushkin (c. 1880); za orchestra - symphony (1907), zojambula za Caucasian (1894), Iveria (1895), zidutswa za Turkic (1925), M'mapiri a Turkmenistan (c. 1932), zithunzi za nyimbo za Uzbekistan, Catalan suite (1934), ndakatulo za symphonic, (1917) c. 1919, Mtsyri, 1924), Yar-Khmel Overture, Symphonic Scherzo (1881), Armenian Rhapsody (1895), Turkic March, From the Songs of Ossian (1925), Episode from the Life of Schubert (1928), Jubilee March (yoperekedwa kwa K. E Voroshilov, 1931); kwa balalaika ndi orc. - zongopeka Pamisonkhano (c. 1931); ma ensembles a chipinda - piano quartet (1893), quartet ya zingwe (1896), zidutswa 4 za anthu aku Armenia. mitu ya zingwe quartet (1933), Madzulo ku Georgia (zazeze ndi woodwind quartet 1934); za piyano - Tizidutswa tating'ono 5 (1900), nyimbo 22 zakum'mawa (1934); kwa violin ndi piyano - sonata (c. 1880), nyimbo zachikondi; kwa piyano ndi cello - Kuzindikiridwa (c. 1900); kwa kwaya ndi okhestra - zithunzi 5 zodziwika bwino (c. 1900), Hymn to Labor (ndi symphony ndi mzimu. orc., 1934); zopitilira 100 zachikondi ndi nyimbo kwa mawu ndi piyano; ntchito zoposa 60 zoimba nyimbo ndi kwaya; nyimbo za sewero "Ermak Timofeevich" ndi Goncharov, c. 1901); nyimbo filimu "Karabugaz" (1934).

Ntchito zamalemba: Nyimbo ya anthu a ku Georgia ndi dziko lake lamakono, "Artist", M., 1895, No 45 (pali kusindikizidwa kosiyana); Chiphunzitso cha chords, kumanga kwawo ndi kusamvana, M., 1897; Zaka 50 za nyimbo za ku Russia m’zikumbukiro zanga, M., 1934; Lankhulani za kusintha kwa nyimbo ku Turkey, "SM", 1934, No 12; Mawu ochepa okhudza kuyimba kusukulu, "SM", 1935, No2.