Elena Obraztsova |

Elena Obraztsova

MV Peskova akufotokoza Obraztsova m'nkhani yake kuti: "Woimba wamkulu wa nthawi yathu, amene ntchito yake yakhala chodabwitsa kwambiri pa moyo nyimbo dziko. Ali ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino choyimba, luso lomveka bwino la mawu. Mezzo-soprano wake wolemera wodzazidwa ndi mitundu yosangalatsa, kufotokozera zadziko, malingaliro owoneka bwino komanso luso lopanda malire zidapangitsa dziko lonse kuyankhula za mawonekedwe ake a zigawo za Santuzza (Ulemu Wadziko), Carmen, Delilah, Marfa (Khovanshchina).

Pambuyo pa sewero lake mu "Boris Godunov" paulendo wa Bolshoi Theatre ku Paris, wotchuka wa impresario Sol Yurok, yemwe ankagwira ntchito ndi FI Chaliapin, anamutcha kuti ndi woimba wowonjezera. Kutsutsidwa kwachilendo kumamuika ngati "mawu akulu a Bolshoi". Mu 1980, woimbayo anapatsidwa mphoto ya "Golden Verdi" kuchokera ku mzinda wa Italy wa Busseto chifukwa cha ntchito yabwino ya nyimbo za woimba wamkulu.

Elena Vasilievna Obraztsova anabadwa July 7, 1939 ku Leningrad. Bambo ake, injiniya mwa ntchito, anali ndi mawu kwambiri baritone, kuwonjezera, ankaimba violin bwino. Nyimbo zambiri zinkamveka m'nyumba ya Obraztsovs. Lena anayamba kuimba oyambirira, mu sukulu ya mkaka. Kenako anakhala soloist wa kwaya Palace ya Apainiya ndi Ana a Sukulu. Kumeneko, mtsikanayo adachita zosangalatsa zachigypsy ndi nyimbo zotchuka kwambiri m'zaka zimenezo kuchokera ku nyimbo ya Lolita Torres. Poyamba, adasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wopepuka wa coloratura soprano, womwe pamapeto pake unasandulika kukhala contralto.

Nditamaliza sukulu ya Taganrog, kumene bambo ake ankagwira ntchito nthawi imeneyo, Lena, ndi kuumirira kwa makolo ake, analowa Rostov Electrotechnical Institute. Koma, nditaphunzira kwa chaka chimodzi, mtsikanayo amapita pangozi yake ku Leningrad, kulowa mu Conservatory ndi kukwaniritsa cholinga chake.

Maphunziro anayamba ndi Pulofesa Antonina Andreevna Grigorieva. "Iye ndi wochenjera kwambiri, wolondola monga munthu komanso ngati woimba," anatero Obraztsova. - Ndinkafuna kuchita zonse mwachangu, kuyimba ma arias akuluakulu nthawi imodzi, zachikondi zovuta. Ndipo amalimbikira kukhulupirira kuti palibe chomwe chingachitike popanda kumvetsetsa "zoyambira" za mawu ... Ndiye inali nthawi yochita zinthu zazikulu. Antonina Andreevna sanalangizepo, sanaphunzitsidwe, koma nthawi zonse ankayesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti ine ndekha ndikuwonetsa maganizo anga pa ntchito yomwe ikuchitika. Ndinakondwera ndi kupambana kwanga koyamba ku Helsinki ndi mpikisano wa Glinka osachepera ndekha ... ".

Mu 1962, mu Helsinki Elena analandira mphoto yake yoyamba, mendulo ya golidi ndi mutu wa laureate, ndipo m'chaka chomwecho iye anapambana mu Moscow pa II All-Union Vocal Mpikisanowo dzina la MI Glinka. The soloist wa Bolshoi Theatre PG Lisitsian ndi mkulu wa gulu la zisudzo TL Chernyakov, amene anaitana Obraztsova ku audition mu zisudzo.

Choncho mu December 1963, akadali wophunzira, Obraztsova anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake pa siteji ya Bolshoi Theatre mu udindo wa Marina Mnishek (Boris Godunov). Woimbayo amakumbukira chochitika ichi ndi chidwi kwambiri: "Ndinapita pa siteji ya Bolshoi Theatre popanda rehearsal oimba. Ndikukumbukira momwe ndidayimilira kumbuyo ndikudziuza ndekha kuti: "Boris Godunov atha kupitiliza popanda siteji pafupi ndi kasupe, ndipo sindituluka, nditseke chinsalu, sindituluka." Ndidakomoka kwambiri, ndipo pakadapanda njonda zomwe zidanditsogolera ku siteji ndi manja, mwina sibwenzi kunachitika pachitsime madzulo amenewo. Ndilibe zowonera pamasewera anga oyamba - chisangalalo chimodzi chokha, mpira wamoto wamtundu wina, ndipo zina zonse zidatheratu. Koma mosazindikira ndinkaona kuti ndikuimba bwino. Omvera adandilandira bwino kwambiri. ”…

Pambuyo pake, owerengera a ku Paris adalemba za Obraztsova monga Marina Mnishek: "Omvera ... adapereka moni mwachidwi Elena Obraztsova, yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri cha mawu ndi kunja kwa Marina abwino. Obraztsova ndi wochita masewero okondweretsa, amene mawu ake, kalembedwe, siteji ndi kukongola zimasiyidwa ndi omvera ... "

Nditamaliza bwino maphunziro a Leningrad Conservatory mu 1964, Obraztsova nthawi yomweyo anakhala soloist wa Bolshoi Theatre. Posakhalitsa amawulukira ku Japan ndi gulu la ojambula, ndiyeno amaimba ku Italy ndi gulu la Bolshoi Theatre. Pa siteji ya La Scala, wojambula wamng'ono amachita mbali za Governess (Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades) ndi Princess Marya (Prokofiev's War and Peace).

M. Zhirmunsky analemba kuti:

"Pali nthano zonena za kupambana kwake pa siteji ya La Scala, ngakhale kuti mwambowu uli ndi zaka 20. Sewero lake loyamba ku Metropolitan Opera limatchedwa "mbiri yopambana kwambiri m'mbiri ya zisudzo" panthawi yokweza. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Obraztsova analowa gulu la oimba Karayan, kufika kuzindikira apamwamba zotheka makhalidwe akatswiri. M'masiku atatu a kujambula Il trovatore, adakopa wotsogolera wamkulu ndi kumasuka kwake kosayerekezeka, kuthekera kwake kuchotsa kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa nyimbo, komanso zovala zambiri zokongola zomwe analandira kuchokera kwa abwenzi aku America makamaka pa msonkhano ndi maestro. Anasintha zovala katatu patsiku, adalandira maluwa kuchokera kwa iye, oitanidwa kuti aziimba ku Salzburg ndikujambula nyimbo zisanu. Koma kutopa kwamanjenje pambuyo pa kupambana ku La Scala kunamulepheretsa kupita kukawona Karajan kuti achite - sanalandire chidziwitso kuchokera ku bungwe loyang'anira Soviet, adakhumudwa ndi Obraztsova ndi onse a ku Russia.

Amaona kuti kugwa kwa mapulaniwa ndiye vuto lalikulu pantchito yake. Kuchokera pamgwirizano womwe unatsatira zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, ntchito yokhayo yomwe inatsala inali Don Carlos ndi kukumbukira kugwedezeka kwa foni yake, ndege yake yaumwini itadzaza ndi Playboys, ndi kugunda kwa Karajan pamutu ndi mphambu pakhomo la zisudzo. Panthaŵiyo, Agnes Baltsa, mwiniwake wa mawu opanda mtunduwo amene sakanatha kudodometsa omvetserawo ku lingaliro laposachedwa la Mbuyeyo, anali atakhala kale mezzo-soprano yachikhalire ya Karajan.

Mu 1970, Obraztsova adalandira mphoto zapamwamba kwambiri pamipikisano ikuluikulu iwiri yapadziko lonse: dzina lake PI Tchaikovsky ku Moscow ndi dzina la woimba wotchuka wa ku Spain Francisco Viñas ku Barcelona.

Koma Obraztsova sanasiye kukula. Repertoire yake ikukula kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga Frosya mu opera ya Prokofiev Semyon Kotko, Azucena mu Il trovatore, Carmen, Eboli mu Don Carlos, Zhenya Komelkova mu opera ya Molchanov ya The Dawns Here Are Quiet.

Adachita ndi Bolshoi Theatre Company ku Tokyo ndi Osaka (1970), Budapest ndi Vienna (1971), Milan (1973), New York ndi Washington (1975). Ndipo kulikonse kutsutsa kumawona luso lapamwamba la woimba Soviet. Mmodzi mwa owunikira pambuyo pa zisudzo za wojambula ku New York analemba kuti: "Elena Obraztsova ali pafupi kuzindikirika padziko lonse lapansi. Tikhoza kulota woyimba woteroyo. Ali ndi chilichonse chomwe chimasiyanitsa wojambula wamakono wa siteji ya opera. "

Chodziwika bwino ndi zomwe adachita ku Liceo Theatre ku Barcelona mu Disembala 1974, pomwe machitidwe anayi a Carmen adawonetsedwa ndi osewera osiyanasiyana otsogola. Obraztsova adapeza chigonjetso chanzeru pa oimba aku America Joy Davidson, Rosalind Elias ndi Grace Bumbry.

Wotsutsa wa ku Spain analemba kuti: “Pomvetsera woimba wa Soviet Union, tinakhalanso ndi mwayi woona mmene udindo wa Carmen ulili wochulukirachulukira, wamaganizo, ndiponso wochititsa chidwi. Anzake mu chipanichi motsimikizika komanso mochititsa chidwi anali mbali imodzi ya khalidwe la heroine. Mu Chitsanzo, chifaniziro cha Carmen chinawonekera mu zovuta zake zonse ndi kuzama kwa maganizo. Chifukwa chake, titha kunena mosabisa kuti ndiye wowonetsa mochenjera komanso wokhulupirika kwambiri pamalingaliro aluso a Bizet.

M. Zhirmunsky akulemba kuti: “Mu Carmen iye anaimba nyimbo ya chikondi chakupha, yosapiririka kaamba ka chibadwa chofooka chaumunthu. Pamapeto pake, akuyenda ndikuyenda pang'ono ponseponse, heroine wake amadziponyera yekha pa mpeni wokokedwa, akuwona imfa ngati kupulumutsidwa ku ululu wamkati, kusiyana kosapiririka pakati pa maloto ndi zenizeni. Mu lingaliro langa, mu udindo uwu Obraztsova anapanga kusintha wosayamikiridwa mu zisudzo. Iye anali m'modzi mwa oyamba kuchitapo kanthu popanga malingaliro, omwe m'zaka za m'ma 70 adakula kukhala chodabwitsa cha opera ya director. Muzochitika zake zapadera, lingaliro la ntchito yonse silinabwere kuchokera kwa wotsogolera (Zeffirelli mwiniwake anali wotsogolera), koma kuchokera kwa woimba. Talente ya Obraztsova imagwira ntchito makamaka ndi zisudzo, ndiye amene akugwira masewerowa m'manja mwake, akuika maganizo ake pa izo ... "

Obraztsova nayenso anati: “Carmen wanga anabadwa mu March 1972 ku Spain, pa zilumba za Canary, m’bwalo la masewera laling’ono lotchedwa Perez Galdes. Ndinkaganiza kuti sindidzamuimbiranso Carmen, ndipo ndinkaona kuti imeneyi sinali mbali yanga. Nditachita nawo koyamba, ndinakumana ndi vuto langa loyamba. Ndinasiya kudzimva ngati wojambula, zinali ngati mzimu wa Carmen walowa mwa ine. Ndipo pamene m'chiwonetsero chomaliza ndinagwa kuchokera ku nkhonya ya Navaja Jose, ndinadzimvera chisoni kwambiri: chifukwa chiyani ine, wamng'ono, ndiyenera kufa? Kenako, ngati kuti ndili m’tulo, ndinamva kulira kwa omvera ndi kuwomba m’manja. Ndipo anandibweza ku zenizeni.”

Mu 1975, woimbayo anadziwika ku Spain monga woimba bwino wa mbali ya Carmen. Pambuyo pake Obraztsova adagwira ntchitoyi pazigawo za Prague, Budapest, Belgrade, Marseille, Vienna, Madrid, ndi New York.

Mu October 1976, Obraztsova anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake pa New York Metropolitan Opera mu Aida. “Podziwa woimba wa ku Soviet yemwe anaimbapo kale ku United States, tinkayembekezera zambiri kuchokera ku machitidwe ake monga Amneris,” analemba motero wotsutsa wina. "Zowona, komabe, zaposa zonenedweratu zolimba mtima za nthawi zonse za Met. Chinali chigonjetso chenicheni, chomwe chikhalidwe cha ku America sichinadziwe kwa zaka zambiri. Adapangitsa omvera kukhala osangalatsidwa ndi chisangalalo chosaneneka ndi machitidwe ake opatsa chidwi monga Amneris. " Wotsutsa wina ananena mosapita m’mbali kuti: “Obraztsova ndiye chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri chopezeka pa siteji ya opera yapadziko lonse m’zaka zaposachedwapa.”

Obraztsova anapita kunja kwambiri m'tsogolo. Mu 1977 adayimba Princess of Bouillon mu F. Cilea's Adriana Lecouvreur (San Francisco) ndi Ulrika mu Ball ku Masquerade (La Scala); mu 1980 - Jocasta mu "Oedipus Rex" ndi IF Stravinsky ("La Scala"); mu 1982 - Jane Seymour mu "Anna Boleyn" ndi G. Donizetti ("La Scala") ndi Eboli mu "Don Carlos" (Barcelona). Mu 1985, pa chikondwerero cha Arena di Verona, wojambulayo adachita bwino gawo la Amneris (Aida).

Chaka chotsatira, Obraztsova anachita monga wotsogolera zisudzo, kuonetsa Massenet opera Werther pa Bolshoi Theatre, kumene bwinobwino anachita mbali yaikulu. Mwamuna wake wachiŵiri, A. Zhuraitis, anali kondakitala.

Obraztsova adachita bwino osati m'zisudzo zokha. Ndi nyimbo zambiri zamakonsati, adachita nawo makonsati ku La Scala, Pleyel Concert Hall (Paris), Carnegie Hall ku New York, Wigmore Hall ku London, ndi malo ena ambiri. Mapulogalamu ake odziwika bwino a nyimbo zaku Russia amaphatikizanso zokonda za Glinka, Dargomyzhsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff, nyimbo ndi mawu a Mussorgsky, Sviridov, kuzungulira kwa nyimbo za Prokofiev mpaka ndakatulo za A. Akhmatova. Pulogalamu yamagulu akunja akunja imaphatikizapo kuzungulira kwa R. Schuman "Chikondi ndi Moyo wa Mkazi", ntchito za nyimbo za ku Italy, German, French.

Obraztsova amadziwikanso ngati mphunzitsi. Kuyambira 1984 wakhala pulofesa ku Moscow Conservatory. Mu 1999, Elena Vasilievna anatsogolera Mpikisano Woyamba Padziko Lonse wa Oimba nyimbo wotchedwa Elena Obraztsova ku St.

Mu 2000, Obraztsova anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake pa siteji yochititsa chidwi: iye ankaimba udindo waukulu mu sewero "Antonio von Elba", anachita R. Viktyuk.

Obraztsova akupitiriza kuchita bwino monga woimba wa opera. Mu May 2002 iye anaimba mu wotchuka Washington Kennedy Center pamodzi ndi Placido Domingo mu opera Tchaikovsky The Queen of Spades.

"Ndinaitanidwa kuno kuti ndidzayimbe mu The Queen of Spades," adatero Obraztsova. - Komanso, konsati yanga yaikulu idzachitika pa May 26 ... Takhala tikugwira ntchito limodzi kwa zaka 38 (ndi Domingo. - Pafupifupi. Aut.). Tinaimba limodzi mu "Carmen", ndi "Il trovatore", ndi "Ball in masquerade", ndi "Samson and Delilah", ndi "Aida". Ndipo nthawi yomaliza yomwe adachita kugwa kwatha kunali ku Los Angeles. Monga tsopano, anali Mfumukazi ya Spades.

PS Elena Vasilievna Obraztsova anamwalira pa January 12, 2015.