Eugen Szenkar |
Eugen Szenkar
Moyo ndi njira yopangira ya Eugen Senkar ndi yamkuntho komanso yochititsa chidwi ngakhale munthawi yathu. Mu 1961, adakondwerera kubadwa kwake kwa makumi asanu ndi awiri ku Budapest, mzinda womwe gawo lalikulu la moyo wake limagwirizana. Apa iye anabadwa ndipo anakulira m'banja la woimba wotchuka ndi kupeka Ferdinand Senkar, apa anakhala wochititsa pambuyo maphunziro a Academy of Music, ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba anatsogolera oimba a Budapest Opera. Komabe, zochitika zazikuluzikulu za ntchito zina za Senkar zabalalika padziko lonse lapansi. Anagwira ntchito m'nyumba za opera ndi oimba ku Prague (1911-1913), Budapest (1913-1915), Salzburg (1915-1916), Altenberg (1916-1920), Frankfurt am Main (1920-1923), Berlin (1923-1924). ), Cologne (1924-1933).
M'zaka zimenezo, Senkar adadziwika kuti anali wojambula wamtima wabwino, wotanthauzira mochenjera wa nyimbo zachikale ndi zamakono. Mphamvu, luso lamitundu komanso kufulumira kwa zochitika zinali ndipo zikadali mbali zodziwika bwino za mawonekedwe a Senkar - woyimba ndi konsati. Luso lake lofotokoza momveka bwino limachititsa chidwi kwambiri omvera.
Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi atatu, mbiri ya Senkar inali yochuluka kwambiri. Koma zipilala zake zinali oimba awiri: Mozart m'bwalo la zisudzo ndi Mahler m'holo ya konsati. Pankhani imeneyi, Bruno Walter anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa umunthu kulenga wa wojambula, amene malangizo amene Senkar ntchito kwa zaka zingapo. Malo amphamvu mu repertoire yake amakhalanso ndi ntchito za Beethoven, Wagner, R. Strauss. Wotsogolera adalimbikitsanso nyimbo za ku Russia: pakati pa zisudzo zomwe adachita panthawiyo anali Boris Godunov, Cherevichki, Chikondi cha Malalanje Atatu. Potsirizira pake, m'kupita kwa nthawi, zilakolako izi zinawonjezeredwa ndi chikondi cha nyimbo zamakono, makamaka nyimbo za mnzanga B. Bartok.
Fascism idapeza Senkar ngati wotsogolera wamkulu wa Cologne Opera. Mu 1934, wojambulayo anachoka ku Germany ndipo kwa zaka zitatu, ataitanidwa ndi State Philharmonic ya USSR, adatsogolera Philharmonic Orchestra ku Moscow. Senkar adasiya chizindikiro chodziwika bwino m'moyo wathu wanyimbo. Iye anapereka ambiri zoimbaimba mu Moscow ndi mizinda ina, koyambirira kwa ntchito zingapo zofunika kugwirizana ndi dzina lake, kuphatikizapo Sixteenth Symphony Myaskovsky, Khachaturian's First Symphony, ndi Prokofiev a Russian Overture.
Mu 1937, Senkar anauyamba ulendo wake, ulendo uno kuwoloka nyanja. Kuyambira mu 1939 anagwira ntchito ku Rio de Janeiro, komwe anayambitsa ndi kutsogolera gulu la oimba. Ali ku Brazil, Senkar anachita zambiri kulimbikitsa nyimbo zachikale pano; anadziwitsa omvera zaluso zosadziwika za Mozart, Beethoven, Wagner. Omvera amakumbukira makamaka "mipikisano ya Beethoven", yomwe adayimba ku Brazil ndi ku USA, ndi gulu la oimba la NBC.
Mu 1950, Sencar, yemwe kale anali kondakitala wolemekezeka, anabwereranso ku Ulaya. Amatsogolera zisudzo ndi oimba ku Mannheim, Cologne, Dusseldorf. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kalembedwe ka wojambulayo wataya mawonekedwe a chisangalalo chosaneneka chomwe chimapezeka m'mbuyomu, chakhala choletsedwa komanso chofewa. Pamodzi ndi olemba omwe tawatchulawa, Senkar adayamba kuphatikizira mofunitsitsa ntchito za Impressionists mu mapulogalamu ake, kuwonetsa bwino mawu awo obisika komanso osiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi otsutsa, luso la Senkar lapeza kuzama kwakukulu, ndikusunga chiyambi chake komanso kukongola kwake. Kondakitala amayendabe kwambiri. Mkati mwa zokamba zake ku Budapest, analandiridwa mwachikondi ndi anthu a ku Hungary.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
