Gennady Rozhdestvensky |

Gennady Rozhdestvensky

Gennady Rozhdestvensky - umunthu wowala ndi luso lamphamvu, kunyada Russian chikhalidwe nyimbo. Gawo lirilonse la ntchito yolenga ya woimba wotchuka padziko lonse ndi gawo lalikulu la moyo wa chikhalidwe cha nthawi yathu, cholinga chake ndi kutumikira Music, "ntchito yobweretsa Kukongola" (m'mawu akeake).

Gennady Rozhdestvensky anamaliza maphunziro a Moscow State Conservatory limba ndi Lev Oborin ndi kuchita ndi bambo ake, wochititsa kwambiri Nikolai Anosov, komanso maphunziro apamwamba pa Conservatory.

Masamba ambiri owala a mbiri ya kulenga Gennady Rozhdestvensky kugwirizana ndi Bolshoi Theatre. Akadali wophunzira ku Conservatory, adapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake ndi Tchaikovsky's The Sleeping Beauty (wophunzira wachinyamatayo adachita zonsezo popanda mphambu!). M'chaka chomwecho cha 1951, atapambana mpikisano woyenerera, adalandiridwa ngati wotsogolera ballet wa Bolshoi Theatre ndipo adagwira ntchito imeneyi mpaka 1960. Rozhdestvensky adayendetsa ma ballet The Fountain of Bakhchisaray, Swan Lake, Cinderella, The Tale of the Stone Flower. ndi zisudzo zina za zisudzo, adagwira nawo ntchito yopanga ballet ya R. Shchedrin The Little Humpbacked Horse (1960). Mu 1965-70. Gennady Rozhdestvensky anali kondakitala wamkulu wa Bolshoi Theatre. Repertoire yake ya zisudzo idaphatikizapo pafupifupi ma opera makumi anayi ndi ma ballet. Wotsogolera adatenga nawo gawo pazopanga za Khachaturian's Spartacus (1968), Bizet-Shchedrin's Carmen Suite (1967), Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker (1966) ndi ena; kwa nthawi yoyamba pa siteji ya ku Russia adapanga zisudzo za The Human Voice ndi Poulenc (1965), Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1965). Mu 1978 anabwerera ku Bolshoi Theatre monga wochititsa opera (mpaka 1983), nawo kupanga angapo zisudzo opera, pakati pawo Shostakovich Katerina Izmailova (1980) ndi Betrothal Prokofiev mu amonke (1982). Patapita zaka zambiri, mu chikumbutso cha nyengo 225 Bolshoi Theatre, Gennady Rozhdestvensky anakhala mkulu wa luso mkulu wa Bolshoi Theatre (September mpaka June 2000), pa nthawi imeneyi, iye anayamba ntchito zambiri za zisudzo ndi kukonza masewero. filimu yoyamba yapadziko lonse ya Prokofiev ya The Gambler opera m'mabuku a wolemba woyamba.

M'zaka za m'ma 1950 dzina la Gennady Rozhdestvensky linadziwika bwino kwa mafani a nyimbo za symphonic. Kwa zaka zoposa theka la ntchito za kulenga, maestro Rozhdestvensky wakhala wotsogolera pafupifupi ma symphony onse otchuka a ku Russia ndi akunja. Mu 1961-1974 anali wotsogolera wamkulu komanso wotsogolera zaluso wa BSO ya Central Television ndi All-Union Radio. Kuchokera mu 1974 mpaka 1985, G. Rozhdestvensky anali wotsogolera nyimbo za Moscow Chamber Musical Theatre, komwe, pamodzi ndi wotsogolera Boris Pokrovsky, adatsitsimutsa nyimbo za "Nose" za DD Shostakovich ndi The Rake's Progress ndi IF Stravinsky, zomwe zinachititsa chidwi kwambiri. . Mu 1981, wochititsa analenga State Symphony Orchestra wa Utumiki wa Culture USSR. Zaka khumi za utsogoleri wa gululi zidakhala nthawi yopanga mapulogalamu apadera a konsati.

Womasulira wamkulu wa nyimbo za m'zaka za m'ma 300, Rozhdestvensky adayambitsa anthu a ku Russia ku ntchito zambiri zosadziwika za A. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith, B. Bartok, B. Martin, O. Messiaen, D. Milhaud, A. Honegger; kwenikweni, iye anabwerera ku Russia cholowa cha Stravinsky. Motsogoleredwa ndi iye, zoyamba za ntchito zambiri za R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, A. Eshpay, B. Tishchenko, G. Kancheli, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, E. Denisov anachitidwa. Chothandizira cha kondakitala kuti adziwe cholowa cha S. Prokofiev ndi D. Shostakovich ndichofunikanso. Gennady Rozhdestvensky anakhala woimba woyamba mu Russia ndi kunja kwa ntchito zambiri Alfred Schnittke. Nthawi zambiri, poyimba ndi oimba ambiri otsogola padziko lonse lapansi, adachita zida zopitilira 150 kwa nthawi yoyamba ku Russia komanso kupitilira XNUMX kwa nthawi yoyamba padziko lapansi. R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina ndi olemba ena ambiri adapereka ntchito zawo kwa Rozhdestvensky.

Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 70, Gennady Rozhdestvensky anali mmodzi mwa otsogolera olemekezeka kwambiri ku Ulaya. Kuyambira 1974 mpaka 1977 adatsogolera Stockholm Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, pambuyo pake adatsogolera BBC London Orchestra (1978-1981), Vienna Symphony Orchestra (1980-1982). Komanso, kwa zaka zambiri Rozhdestvensky anagwira ntchito ndi Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Amsterdam), London, Chicago, Cleveland ndi Tokyo Symphony Orchestras (wotsogolera wolemekezeka komanso wamakono wa Yomiuri Orchestra) ndi magulu ena.

Pazonse, Rozhdestvensky ndi oimba osiyanasiyana adalemba ma 700 ma CD ndi ma CD. Wotsogolera adalemba ma symphonies onse a S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, G. Mahler, A. Glazunov, A. Bruckner, ntchito zambiri za A. Schnittke pa mbale. Zojambulira za wochititsa zalandira mphoto: Grand Prix ya Le Chant Du Monde, dipuloma yochokera ku Academy of Charles Cros ku Paris (yojambula nyimbo zonse za Prokofiev, 1969).

Rozhdestvensky ndi mlembi wa nyimbo zingapo, zomwe zili ndi oratorio yopambana kwambiri "Lamulo kwa Anthu a ku Russia" kwa owerenga, oimba nyimbo, kwaya ndi oimba ku mawu a A. Remizov.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky amapereka nthawi yochuluka ndi mphamvu zopanga pophunzitsa. Kuyambira 1974 wakhala akuphunzitsa pa dipatimenti ya Opera ndi Symphony Conducting wa Moscow Conservatory, kuyambira 1976 wakhala pulofesa, kuyambira 2001 wakhala mutu wa dipatimenti ya Opera ndi Symphony Kuchititsa. G. Rozhdestvensky anabweretsa mlalang'amba wa otsogolera aluso, pakati pawo Anthu Ojambula a Russia Valery Polyansky ndi Vladimir Ponkin. Maestro adalemba ndikusindikiza mabuku akuti "Fingering ya Conductor", "Maganizo pa Nyimbo" ndi "Triangles"; Buku lakuti "Preambles" lili ndi malemba ofotokozera omwe adachita nawo m'makonsati ake, kuyambira 1974. Mu 2010, buku lake latsopano, Mosaic, linasindikizidwa.

Ntchito za GN Rozhdestvensky ku zaluso zimalembedwa ndi maudindo aulemu: People's Artist wa USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor, wopambana Mphotho ya Lenin. Gennady Rozhdestvensky - Wolemekezeka wa Royal Swedish Academy, Honorary Academician wa English Royal Academy of Music, pulofesa. Zina mwa mphoto za woimba: Chibugariya Order ya Cyril ndi Methodius, Order Japanese of the Rising Sun, Russian Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV, III ndi II madigiri. Mu 2003, Maestro adalandira udindo wa Mtsogoleri wa Legion of Honor of France.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky ndi wochititsa chidwi kwambiri wa symphonic ndi zisudzo, woyimba piyano, mphunzitsi, wopeka, wolemba mabuku ndi nkhani, wokamba bwino kwambiri, wofufuza, wobwezeretsa zambiri, wodziwa zaluso, wodziwa mabuku, wotolera mwachangu, erudite. "Polyphony" ya zokonda za Maestro idadziwonetsera kwathunthu mu "kuwongolera" kwa mapulogalamu ake olembetsa pachaka ndi State Academic Symphony Choir of Russia, yomwe yakhala ikuchitika ndi Moscow Philharmonic kwa zaka zopitilira 10.

Gwero: Tsamba la Moscow Philharmonic