Ideology mu zaluso |

Lingaliro mu luso, lingaliro losonyeza kudzipereka kwa wojambula ku dongosolo linalake la malingaliro ndi chikhalidwe, makhalidwe ndi zokongola zomwe zimagwirizana nazo, mawonekedwe ophiphiritsira a malingalirowa mu luso. I. mu nthawi iliyonse amatanthauza kupita patsogolo I., kufotokozedwa muzotengera zauzimu za wojambula kumagulu opita patsogolo. mphamvu. Kutsatira malingaliro osagwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika kuti akwaniritse ndizomwe zimatsutsana ndi malingaliro enieni, opita patsogolo. Malingaliro apamwamba amatsutsananso ndi kusowa kwa malingaliro—kusalabadira tanthauzo lauzimu la magulu. chochitika, kuchotsedwa kwa udindo wa yankho la chikhalidwe cha anthu. mavuto.

I. mu zaluso ndi mulingo wowunika luso. imagwira ntchito ndi nkhani zofunika kwambiri pagulu. Ndi organically chibadidwe zili mu zaluso. ntchito, kuphatikizapo ballet. I. akutanthauza kufunika kwa chikhalidwe, filosofi, ndale kapena chikhalidwe cha mutu, chikhalidwe ndi malingaliro. malangizo aukadaulo, zowona za luso. malingaliro. Zojambulajambula. Lingaliro ndi lingaliro lophiphiritsa-lotengeka, lokhazikika lomwe limachokera ku luso. ntchito, kuphatikizapo kusewera kwa ballet.

I. imadziwonetsera mu luso osati ngati lingaliro losamveka, koma mu thupi lamoyo la luso. chithunzi, monga tanthauzo lamkati la otchulidwa ndi zochitika. Ngakhale m'nyumba zosavuta kwambiri (ballroom) kuvina pali lingaliro la kukongola kwaumunthu. Mu Nar. zovina mungapeze malingaliro okhudzana ndi kuvomereza kwa dec. mitundu ya ntchito ndi makhalidwe a dziko. moyo. Mu ballet, luso la choreographic limakwera mpaka kutengera malingaliro ovuta amakhalidwe-zafilosofi ndi chikhalidwe. Masewerowa, opanda tanthauzo lamalingaliro, ndi opanda pake komanso opanda tanthauzo. Muzochita zilizonse zaluso, Ph.D. kwambiri humanist. lingaliro: mu "Giselle" - chikondi chodzipereka, kuwombola zoipa; mu "Kukongola Kogona" - kupambana kwa zabwino pa chinyengo ndi mphamvu zamdima; mu "The Flames of Paris" - kupambana kwa osintha. anthu opitilira makalasi osatha; mu "Spartacus" - zomvetsa chisoni. kifwa kya muntu mukulumpe mu mwingilo wa busapudi. chisangalalo, etc.

Wobadwa mu zaluso zilizonse zenizeni, I. amawonekera mu ballet m'njira inayake. Ngakhale kuti palibe mawu mu ballet, kuvina kumatha kufotokoza mithunzi yotere ndi malingaliro a munthu omwe sangamve mawu. Imalongosola ganizo losinthidwa kukhala kumverera, ndikumverera kudzazidwa ndi ganizo. Lingaliro lili mu ballet komanso kudzera tanthauzo la zinthu, mikangano, zochitika choreographic. zochita. Ndiko kunena kuti, mapeto kuchokera ku zosiyana, kufananitsa, chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha zochitikazo, kuchokera ku dongosolo lonse lophiphiritsira la ntchitoyo ndipo limapanga tanthauzo lake lamkati. Zigawo zonse za ntchitoyo zimatengera mawonekedwe ake. Zotsirizirazi zimatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule mwachidule (mwachitsanzo, kupambana kwa zabwino pa zoipa, kusagwirizana komvetsa chisoni kwa chikondi ndi moyo wankhanza, chizoloŵezi cha anthu kutsutsa mdani, ndi zina zotero). Kwenikweni, chidzalo chake chonse chimawululidwa mu choreographic yophiphiritsa. ntchito zonse. Njira zochitira izi ndizosiyana ndipo zimatha kufotokozedwa kudzera m'nyimbo. feeling ("Chopiniana", ballet by M. M. Fokin, 1907; "Classical Symphony" ku nyimbo za S. S. Prokofiev, ballet ndi K. F. Boyarsky, 1961), chiwembu ndi zilembo za otchulidwa [“The Fountain of Bakhchisarai” (1934) ndi The Bronze Horseman (1949) ballet. R. V. Zakharov], ndakatulo. fanizo - chizindikiro, umunthu, fanizo ("1905" nyimbo ya symphony 11 Shostakovich, ballet ndi I. D. Belsky, 1966; "The Creation of the World" yolembedwa ndi Petrov, ballet yolembedwa ndi V. N. Elizariev, 1976), kuphatikiza kovutirapo kwanyimbo-zamalingaliro, nthano-zachiwembu komanso zophiphiritsa. generalizations (Stone Flower, 1957; Spartacus, 1968, ballet ndi Yu. N. Grigorovich). Mu sewero la "The Legend of Love" (1961, ballet Grigorovich), gawo lililonse limayang'aniridwa ndi vumbulutso la ukulu wa munthu amene amadziwonetsera yekha m'chikondi, kudzimana m'dzina la ntchito. Osati zochitika zokhazokha, komanso choreographic. yankho, kuvina kwapadera. pulasitiki ya zigawo zonse cholinga chake ndi kuphatikiza lingaliro lapakati la ntchitoyo, lomwe limapezeka mu choreographic yake. nyama yooneka ngati minofu. Kwa zaluso zakale zaukadaulo, zofala m'maiko ambiri achi capitalist. Kumadzulo, komwe kumadziwika ndi kusowa kwa malingaliro, kusowa kwauzimu, kukhazikika. Kadzidzi. choreographic luso la I. ndi khalidwe lapamwamba. Ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri za chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha Socialist, chiwonetsero cha kugawanika kwa luso. Ngati mu ballet m'zaka za m'ma 19, ochepa bwalo-aristocratic. aesthetics, malinga ndi msinkhu wake, I. kutsalira kumbuyo kwa zaluso zina, kupangitsa kutsutsidwa ndi oimira malingaliro apamwamba, ndiye mu akadzidzi. nthawi mu ballet, monga muzojambula zonse, nkhani zamaganizo zimasankhidwa. ntchito zoperekedwa ndi moyo wa anthu. Mwa kulemera ndi kuya kwa malingaliro a kadzidzi. ballet ndi sitepe patsogolo pa chitukuko cha dziko choreography. Komabe, zikutanthauza. malingaliro, ngakhale apanga chikhalidwe cha kuya kwatanthauzo kwa chiwonetserocho, mwa iwo okha samangotsimikizira mphamvu ya chikoka chake. Zojambula zofunikira. kuwala kwa mawonekedwe a malingaliro awa, kukopa kwa mayankho awo ophiphiritsa molingana ndi zenizeni za choreographic.

Pa gawo loyamba la chitukuko cha akadzidzi. akatswiri oimba nyimbo za ballet ankafuna kufotokoza tanthauzo lake. magulu. malingaliro okhazikika, ophiphiritsa-ophiphiritsa. mawonekedwe, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa schematism ndi abstraction (kuvina symphony "The Greatness of the Universe" ku nyimbo ya symphony ya 4 ndi L. Beethoven, 1923, "The Red Whirlwind" ndi Deshevov, 1924, wovina ballet FV Lopukhov). Mu 30s. olemba choreographers afika patali. kupambana panjira yakulumikizana kwa ballet ndi mabuku ndi sewero. zisudzo, zomwe zinathandizira kulimbitsa kwake I., ndipo malingaliro adavekedwa muthupi ndi magazi zenizeni. ntchito (The Fountain of Bakhchisarai, 1934, ballet ndi Zakharov; Romeo ndi Juliet, 1940, ballet ndi Lavrovsky). Kuchokera ku con. Zaka za m'ma 50 mu ballet ya kadzidzi zinaphatikizapo mafomu ovuta kwambiri a choreographic. zisankho zomwe zidapanga zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu ndikulola kufotokoza tanthauzo lake. malingaliro afilosofi ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri. kwa ballet m'njira (zochita za Grigorovich, Belsky, OM Vinogradov, ND Kasatkina ndi V. Yu. Vasilev, etc.). Mu akadzidzi amakono. ballet amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya njira zowonetsera. zamalingaliro. Wake I. ndi wosasiyanitsidwa ndi luso, kuchokera kuzinthu zenizeni. zokopa za choreographic. luso kwa owonera.

Ballet. Encyclopedia, SE, 1981