Igor Borisovich Markevich |

Igor Markevitch

Wokonda ku France komanso wolemba nyimbo waku Russia. "Sizingatheke kusewera bwino kuposa wolemba" - ndilo mawu a Igor Markevich, wotsogolera ndi mphunzitsi, omwe oimba a Soviet ndi okonda nyimbo amawadziwa bwino. Izi zinapereka ndikupitiriza kupatsa omvera ena chifukwa chonyoza Markevich chifukwa cha umunthu wake wosadziwika bwino, chifukwa chosowa chiyambi pa siteji, chifukwa cha kukayikira kwakukulu. Koma kumbali ina, zambiri mu luso lake zimasonyeza mmene luso la zisudzo likuyendera masiku ano. Zimenezi zinazindikiridwa moyenerera ndi G. Neuhaus, amene analemba kuti: “Ndikuwoneka kuti ali wa mtundu wa wotsogolera wamakono amene ntchitoyo ndi oimba, ndiko kuti, ziŵalo za okhestra ndi okhestra, ziri zofunika kwambiri kuposa iye mwini, kuti ntchitoyo ndi oimba ake, ndiko kuti, ziŵalo za okhestra ndi okhestra. iye kwenikweni ali mtumiki wa luso, osati wolamulira, wolamulira wankhanza. Khalidweli ndi lamakono kwambiri. Nthawi yomwe ma titans a luso la otsogolera akale, potengera maphunziro owunikira ("m'modzi ayenera choyamba kuchita bwino"), nthawi zina adadzilola kuti akhale ndi ufulu - amangoyika woyimbayo ku chifuniro chawo - nthawi imeneyo. wapita ... Chifukwa chake, ndikuyika Markevich pakati pa oimba omwe safuna kudziwonetsa okha, koma amadziona ngati "oyamba pakati pa ofanana" mu gulu la oimba. Kukumbatira mwauzimu anthu ambiri - ndipo Markevich amadziwadi lusoli - nthawi zonse ndi umboni wa chikhalidwe chachikulu, luso ndi luntha.

Nthawi zambiri m'zaka za m'ma 60, wojambulayo anachita ku USSR, nthawi zonse amatitsimikizira za kusinthasintha ndi chilengedwe cha luso lake. "Markevich ndi wojambula wosiyanasiyana kwambiri. Tinamvetsera ku maprogramu angapo a konsati omwe iye anachita, komabe zingakhale zovuta kudziŵa bwino lomwe chifundo cha wochititsa. Zoonadi: nthawi yanji, kalembedwe kamene kali pafupi ndi wojambula? Zakale za Viennese kapena zachikondi, owonetsa ku France kapena nyimbo zamakono? Kuyankha mafunso amenewa sikophweka. Adawonekera pamaso pathu ngati m'modzi mwa omasulira bwino a Beethoven kwa zaka zambiri, adasiya chidwi chosasinthika ndi kutanthauzira kwake kwa Brahms 'Fourth Symphony, yodzaza ndi chidwi ndi tsoka. Ndipo kodi kutanthauzira kwake kwa Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring kudzaiwalika, pamene chirichonse chinkawoneka chodzaza ndi madzi opatsa moyo a chilengedwe chogalamuka, kumene mphamvu yoyambira ndi chipwirikiti cha kuvina kwa miyambo yachikunja kunawonekera mu kukongola kwawo konse? Mwachidule, Markevich ndi woimba wosowa yemwe amafika pamndandanda uliwonse ngati kuti ndi nyimbo yake yomwe amakonda, amaika moyo wake wonse, luso lake lonse. " Umu ndi momwe wotsutsa V. Timokhin adafotokozera chithunzi cha Markevich.

Markevich anabadwira ku Kyiv m'banja lachi Russia lomwe limagwirizana kwambiri ndi nyimbo kwa mibadwo yambiri. Makolo ake anali mabwenzi a Glinka, ndi wopeka kwambiri kamodzi ntchito pa malo awo pa chochitika chachiwiri cha Ivan Susanin. Mwachibadwa, pambuyo pake, banja linasamukira ku Paris mu 1914, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko kupita ku Switzerland, woimba tsogolo analeredwa mu mzimu wa kusirira chikhalidwe cha kwawo.

Patapita zaka zingapo, bambo ake anamwalira, ndipo banjali linali m’mavuto azachuma. Mayi analibe mwayi wopatsa mwana wake, yemwe anasonyeza talente kumayambiriro, maphunziro a nyimbo. Koma woyimba piyano wodabwitsa Alfred Cortot mwangozi adamva imodzi mwa nyimbo zake zoyambirira ndipo adathandizira amayi ake kutumiza Igor ku Paris, komwe adakhala mphunzitsi wake wa piyano. Markevich adaphunzira kupanga ndi Nadia Boulanger. Kenako adakopa chidwi cha Diaghilev, yemwe adamupatsa ntchito zingapo, kuphatikiza konsati ya piyano, yomwe idachitika mu 1929.

Only mu 1933, ataphunzira zambiri kuchokera Herman Scherchen, Markevich potsiriza anatsimikiza kuitana kwake monga kondakitala pa malangizo ake: izo zisanachitike, iye anachita ntchito zake zokha. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, wakhala akuimba ndi zoimbaimba ndipo mwamsanga analowa m'gulu la okonda kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. M'zaka za nkhondo, wojambulayo anasiya ntchito yake yomwe ankakonda kuti atenge nawo mbali polimbana ndi fascism m'gulu la French ndi Italy Resistance. M’nyengo ya pambuyo pa nkhondo, ntchito yake yolenga imafika pachimake. Amatsogolera oimba akuluakulu ku England, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, makamaka France, komwe amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.

Posachedwapa, Markevich adayamba ntchito yake yophunzitsa, akuchititsa maphunziro ndi masemina osiyanasiyana kwa otsogolera achinyamata; mu 1963 anatsogolera msonkhano wofananawo ku Moscow. Mu 1960, boma la France linapatsa Markevich, yemwe anali mtsogoleri wa oimba a Lamoureux Concerts, dzina la "Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters". Choncho anakhala woyamba wojambula yemwe sanali wa ku France kuti alandire mphoto iyi; nayenso wakhala mmodzi mwa mphoto zambiri zomwe wojambula wosatopa wapatsidwa.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969