Kalendala ya nyimbo - Juni

June ndi mwezi umene umatsegula chilimwe chomwe chakhala chikuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yaitali, mwezi wa kubadwa kwa anthu owala. Mu June, dziko la nyimbo limakondwerera masiku obadwa a ambuye monga Mikhail Glinka, Aram Khachaturian, Robert Schumann, Igor Stravinsky.

Mwachidziwitso, zoyambira za ballet za Stravinsky Petrushka ndi The Firebird zidachitikanso mwezi uno.

Luso lawo lakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri

1 June 1804 chaka Wolemba nyimbo anabadwira m'chigawo cha Smolensk, chomwe kufunikira kwake pa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha dziko la Russia sikungatheke - Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka. Zochokera zaka zakale za akatswiri ndi wowerengeka nyimbo Russian, iye mwachidule ndondomeko mapangidwe a sukulu dziko la olemba.

Kuyambira ndili mwana, iye ankakonda wowerengeka nyimbo, ankaimba lipenga amalume ake, anakumana ndi Alexander Pushkin ali wachinyamata, anali ndi chidwi ndi mbiri Russian ndi nthano. Maulendo akunja adathandizira woimbayo kuzindikira chikhumbo chake chobweretsa nyimbo zaku Russia pamlingo wapadziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo anapambana. Zisudzo ake "Ivan Susanin", "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila" analowa chuma cha dziko monga zitsanzo za zakale Russian.

6 June 1903 chaka anabadwira ku Baku Aram Khachaturyan. Wolemba nyimbo wapaderayu sanalandire maphunziro oyambirira a nyimbo; Chidziwitso chaukadaulo cha Khachaturian pa luso la nyimbo chinayamba ali ndi zaka 19 ndikuloledwa ku koleji ya nyimbo ya Gnesins, poyamba m'kalasi ya cello, kenako ndikulemba.

Ubwino wake ndikuti adatha kuphatikiza nyimbo za monodic za Kum'mawa ndi miyambo yakale ya symphonic. Zina mwa ntchito zake zodziwika bwino ndi ma ballet a Spartacus ndi Gayane, omwe ali m'gulu la akatswiri odziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi.

AI Khachaturian - "Waltz" kuchokera munyimbo za sewero "Masquerade" (mafelemu kuchokera mu kanema "War and Peace")

8 June 1810 chaka m'modzi mwa oyimira owala kwambiri a nthawi ya chikondi adabwera kudziko lapansi - Robert Schuman. Ngakhale ntchito ya loya analandira pa kuumirira kwa amayi ake, wopeka sanayambe ntchito yake yapadera. Iye anakopeka ndi ndakatulo ndi nyimbo, kwa nthawi ndithu ngakhale anazengereza, kusankha njira. Nyimbo zake ndizodziwikiratu chifukwa cholowa mkati, gwero lalikulu la zithunzi zake ndi dziko lakuya komanso losiyanasiyana lamalingaliro amunthu.

Anthu a m'nthawi ya Schumann sanafune kuvomereza ntchito yake, kwa iwo nyimbo za wolembayo zinkawoneka zovuta, zachilendo, zomwe zimafuna kulingalira mozama. Komabe, adayamikiridwa moyenerera ndi olemba "amphamvu ochepa" ndi P. Tchaikovsky. limba mkombero "Carnival", "Agulugufe", "Kreisleriana", "Symphonic Etudes", nyimbo ndi m'zinthu mawu, symphonies 4 - ichi ndi kutali ndi mndandanda wa mbambande wake, kutsogolera ku repertoire wa oimba kutsogolera m'nthawi yathu ino.

Pakati pa oimba otchuka obadwa mu June ndi Edvard Grieg. Iye anakhalapo 15 June 1843 chaka ku Norwegian Bergen m'banja la kazembe waku Britain. Grieg ndi mpainiya wa ku Norwegian classics yemwe adazifikitsa pamlingo wapadziko lonse lapansi. Luso loyambirira ndi chikondi cha nyimbo zinayikidwa mwa wolemba ndi amayi ake. Maonekedwe a woimba wina anayamba kuonekera ku Leipzig Conservatory, kumene, ngakhale kuti anali ndi maphunziro apamwamba, Grieg adakopeka ndi kalembedwe kachikondi. Mafano ake anali R. Schumann, R. Wagner, F. Chopin.

Atasamukira ku Oslo, Grieg anayamba kulimbikitsa miyambo ya dziko mu nyimbo ndikuyilimbikitsa pakati pa omvera. Ntchito ya wolembayo inafika m’mitima ya omvera mwamsanga. Gulu lake la "Peer Gynt", "Symphonic Dances", "Lyric Pieces" la piyano limamveka nthawi zonse kuchokera pa konsati.

17 June 1882 chaka anabadwa mu Petersburg Igor Stravinsky, wolemba nyimbo amene, m’malingaliro ake, anali kukhala “panthaŵi yolakwika”. Anadziŵika monga wosokoneza miyambo, wofunafuna masitayelo atsopano oluka. Anthu a m'nthawi yake ankamutcha Mlengi ndi nkhope chikwi.

Anachita momasuka ndi mawonekedwe, mitundu, nthawi zonse kuyang'ana zosakaniza zatsopano za iwo. Kuchuluka kwa zokonda zake sikunali kokha kupeka. Stravinsky ankagwira ntchito mwakhama ndi ntchito zophunzitsa, anakumana ndi anthu otchuka - N. Rimsky-Korsakov, S. Diaghilev, A. Lyadov, I. Glazunov, T. Mann, P. Picasso.

Bwalo la ojambula ake omwe amawadziŵa linali lalikulu kwambiri. Stravinsky anayenda kwambiri, anapita mayiko ambiri. Ma ballet ake okongola "Petrushka" ndi "Rite of Spring" amakondweretsa omvera amakono.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti mu mwezi wa kubadwa kwake kunachitika kuyamba kwa ballet awiri ndi Stravinsky. Pa June 25, 1910, kupanga koyamba kwa The Firebird kunachitika ku Grand Opera, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi, pa June 15, 1911, kunachitika koyamba kwa Petrushka.

Osewera otchuka

7 June 1872 chaka anaonekera ku dziko Leonid Sobinov, woimba yemwe katswiri wa nyimbo B. Asafiev anamutcha kasupe wa mawu achi Russia. Mu ntchito yake, zenizeni zidaphatikizidwa ndi njira yamunthu pa chithunzi chilichonse. Kuyamba kugwira ntchito, woimbayo ankafuna kuwulula khalidwe la ngwazi mwachibadwa komanso moona mtima.

Chikondi cha Sobinov pa kuimba chinaonekera kuyambira ali mwana, koma anayamba kuchita nawo kwambiri mawu pophunzira ku yunivesite, kumene adapita ku makwaya awiri a ophunzira: zauzimu ndi zadziko. Anazindikiridwa ndikuitanidwa ngati wophunzira waulere ku Sukulu ya Philharmonic. Kupambana kunabwera ndi gawo la Sinodal kuchokera ku opera "The Demon", yomwe idachitika ku Bolshoi Theatre. Omvera adalandira woyimba wachinyamatayo mwachidwi, "Kusandulika mphako ..." idayenera kuchitidwa ngati encore. Choncho anayamba bwino konsati ntchito woimba osati mu Russia, komanso kunja.

14 June 1835 chaka anabadwa Nikolai Rubinstein - wochititsa chidwi waku Russia komanso woyimba piyano, mphunzitsi komanso wodziwika bwino pagulu. Monga woimba piyano, iye anasankha nyimbo zake m’njira yoti asonyeze kwa omvera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo ndi masitaelo. Wodziwika bwino ndi Nikolai Rubinstein ngati wochititsa. Pansi pa utsogoleri wake, ma concert oposa 250 adachitikira ku RMO osati ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg, komanso m'mizinda yachigawo.

Monga munthu wodziwika bwino, N. Rubinshtein adakonza zoimbaimba zaulere. Iye anali woyambitsa wa kutsegulidwa kwa Moscow Conservatory, ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali anali wotsogolera wake. Ndi iye amene anakopa P. Tchaikovsky, G. Laroche, S. Taneyev kuti aphunzitse mmenemo. Nikolai Rubinstein ankakonda kutchuka komanso chikondi pakati pa abwenzi ndi omvera. Kwa zaka zambiri pambuyo pa imfa yake, zoimbaimba zom'kumbukira zinkachitikira ku Moscow Conservatory.

MI Glinka - MA Balakirev - "Lark" ndi Mikhail Pletnev

Wolemba - Victoria Denisova