Thermometer ya makiyi ndi wothandizira kwa woyimba!

Thermometer yofunikira ndi chithunzi chowoneka chogwira ntchito ndi makiyi a nyimbo makumi atatu. Mataniwo amagawidwa m'magulu awiri, amodzi - otentha, otentha, amafanana ndi kukula kwa thermometer; ena, m'malo mwake, ndi ozizira, amatha kumangirizidwa ku minus sikelo.

Makiyi akuthwa amaonedwa ngati otentha, ndipo kuthwa kwambiri mu kiyi, kumatentha kwambiri "kutentha" pa thermometer, kumapangitsanso sitepe yomwe imakhala pamlingo. Mwachibadwa, makiyi otsika, ophwanyika adzakhala ozizira, ndipo makiyi athyathyathya kwambiri, pansi "kutentha" kudzakhala, ndipo m'munsimu muyenera kuyang'ana fungulo pamlingo.

Pakatikati pa thermometer pali ndipo, monga momwe zimakhalira, zimagwirizana ndi "zero" matani awiri opanda zizindikiro (ali ndi zizindikiro "zero") - C yaikulu ndi A yofanana nayo. Zonse ndi zomveka, zachilengedwe komanso zodziwika bwino. Mwanjira ina, chiwembu chonsechi ndi chofanana ndi bwalo la magawo asanu, otsegulidwa okha, momwe nthambi zakuthwa ndi zophwanyika zimawongoleredwa ndikumangirizidwa ku chipilala.

Ndani anapanga choyezera thermometer?

Thermometer ya makiyi anatulukira ndi wotchuka wolemba ndi mphunzitsi Valery Davydovich Podvala. Zomwe adatulukira zingapezeke m'mabuku a ana "Tiyeni tipange nyimbo."

Mothandizidwa ndi thermometer, wolembayo amauza anyamata omwe ayamba kuphunzira nyimbo njira zachangu komanso zodalirika zopezera olamulira, olamulira, makiyi okhudzana, ndi zina zambiri. Oimba ankakonda kwambiri thermometer ya makiyi, ndipo anthu ambiri anaphunzira za izo.

Pa thermometer yokongola ya V. Podvaly, tikuwona kuti makiyi akuluakulu amatenga theka lofiira la sikelo, ndipo makiyi ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi theka la buluu. Pakatikati pali makiyi a C wamkulu ndi A wocheperako, pamwamba pake pali masikelo akuthwa onse, ndipo pansi pake pali athyathyathya. Manambalawa akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro zomwe zili mu kiyi inayake.

Kuti mutchule zizindikiro molondola, muyenera kukumbukira dongosolo la sharps (fa, do, sol, re, la, mi, si) ndi dongosolo la ma flats (si, mi, la, re, sol, do), fa), popeza thermometer imangowonetsa kuchuluka kwa zowotcha ndi ma flats, koma sichimatchula mayina. Ife tokha tiyenera kusankha zoyenera.

Kusintha kwa thermometer ya toni

Kuti tithe kuyang'ana pa thermometer osati kuchuluka kwa mafungulo ndi ma flats mu imodzi mwa makiyi, komanso kuti tiwone mtundu wa zizindikiro zomwe zidzakhale, tinaganiza zopanga ndikuwonetsa kwa inu chitsanzo chake chabwino.

Pachithunzichi mutha kuwona thermometer yokhala ndi sikelo iwiri. Mbali yakumanja ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zilembo mu kiyi inayake. Kumanzere kwalembedwa: mmwamba dongosolo la sharps (FA DO SOL RE LA MI SI), ndi pansi - dongosolo la flats (SI MI LA RE SOL DO FA).

Kuti titchule zizindikiro za tonality, timazipeza pa thermometer, kuyang'ana chiwerengero cha zizindikiro, ndiyeno nyamuka kapena kugwa kuchokera ku zero kumanzere kumanzere, kutchula zizindikiro zonse mpaka titafika ku tonality yosankhidwa. Chokuthwa kapena chophwanyika, chomwe chimayikidwa moyang'anizana ndi fungulo lofunidwa, chidzakhala chomaliza mmenemo.

Mwachitsanzo, a tikufuna kudziwa ndi zilembo zingati zomwe zili mu kiyi ya B yayikulu. Timachipeza pa thermometer - ili pakati pa machitidwe akuthwa, ali ndi 5 zakuthwa, zomwe ndi (kuchokera "zero"): fa, do, sol, re ndi la.

Chitsanzo china - tiyeni tiganizire ndi kiyi ya D-flat major. Zalembedwa pa "chisanu", mbali yathyathyathya, pali zizindikiro zisanu pa thermometer, zomwe ndi (timachokera ku "zero"): si, mi, la, re ndi mchere.

Pansipa tikuwonetsani mtundu wina wa thermometer - wokhala ndi zilembo zama tonali. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito iliyonse yomwe mumakonda kwambiri pamaphunziro anu. Mutha kutsitsa ma thermometer onse awiri kuti musindikize PANO.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito toni thermometer?

Monga mukudziwira, mukhoza kukumbukira zizindikiro zazikulu mu makiyi popanda thermometer, mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi "malamulo akuluakulu". "Malamulo akulu" omwe timawatcha pano malamulo opezera zizindikiro mwachangu m'makiyi akulu. Tikukukumbutsani:

1. m'makiyi akuthwa, lakuthwa komaliza ndi sitepe yotsika kuposa tonic;
2. m'makiyi athyathyathya, tonic imabisika kuseri kwa lathyathyathya yomaliza (ndiko kuti, ndi yofanana ndi lathyathyathya ya penultimate).

Kuphatikiza apo, ma tonal onse amakumbukiridwa ndi nthawi komanso mwachangu kwambiri, kotero kuti kufunikira koyang'ana kwinakwake kumatha. Ndiye mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji thermometer ya toni?

Choyamba, a ndizosavuta kuyang'ana kusiyana kwa zizindikiro pa izo. Timatenga ma tonali awiri, kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa madigiri omwe amasiyana, ndikupeza yankho. Mwachitsanzo, makiyi a D chachikulu ndi F chachikulu amasiyana ndi zizindikiro zitatu. Ndipo makiyi C-flat major ndi C-lakuthwa zazikulu - ndi zilembo 14.

Chachiwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito thermometer, mukhoza kupeza masitepe akuluakulu - subdominant (ili ndi dzina la sitepe ya IV mogwirizana) ndi yaikulu (ili ndi dzina la sitepe yachisanu). Wopambana adzakhala digiri imodzi yokwera kuchokera ku tonic, ndipo wocheperako digiri imodzi yotsika. Mwachitsanzo: kwa C yaikulu (tonic C), yodziwika bwino idzakhala phokoso "G" ndipo fungulo lalikulu lidzakhala G lalikulu, ndipo subdominant idzakhala phokoso "F", fungulo lalikulu lidzakhala F lalikulu.

Chachitatu, Thermometer imakulolani kuti mupeze mwachangu ma tonali ogwirizana. Pali makiyi asanu ndi limodzi okha a digiri yoyamba ya ubale (tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane pambuyo pake), ndipo asanu mwa iwo akhoza kudziwika nthawi yomweyo! Bwanji? Liwu limodzi logwirizana liri pamlingo wofanana wa thermometer monga momwe tikufunira "achibale", awiri ena ali ndi digiri yapamwamba, ndipo awiri ena ndi madigiri otsika. Ndizovuta kuyang'ana "chinsinsi" chachisanu ndi chimodzi pa thermometer (tidzakuphunzitsani izi pambuyo pake).

Mwachitsanzo, a pezani makiyi asanu okhudzana ndi E minor. Izi zidzakhala: G wamkulu (pa mlingo womwewo wa "kutentha"), D wamkulu ndi B wamng'ono (digiri imodzi yokwera), C wamkulu ndi A wamng'ono (digiri imodzi kutsika). Kiyi yachisanu ndi chimodzi idzakhala B yaikulu (momwe tingafufuzire tisanalankhule).

Kapena chitsanzo china: tiyeni tiyang'ane "achibale" apafupi a E-flat major. Izi zidzakhala: C zazing'ono (mu selo lomwelo), B-flat yaikulu ndi G wamng'ono (pamwamba), komanso A-flat yaikulu ndi F yaying'ono (pansipa). Kiyi yachisanu ndi chimodzi apa ndi A-flat yaying'ono (chinachake chapita kwinakwake).

Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito thermometer yathu kumatha kukhala kwakukulu. Ngati mukudziwa njira zina zogwirira ntchito ndi chiwembu chotere, chonde lembani za izo mu ndemanga za nkhaniyi. Komanso funsani mafunso anu ngati muli nawo.

Tsopano tiyeni tipume kaye nyimbo. Tikukupemphani kuti mumvetsere nyimbo zabwino za Ludwig van Beethoven. Mudzamva sonata ya violin ndi piyano No. 5 yotchedwa "Spring"

Beethoven - Sonata No. 5 "Spring" ya violin ndi piyano