Pan chitoliro: kapangidwe ka zida, nkhani yoyambira, nthano, mitundu, momwe amasewerera

Pan chitoliro kapena pan chitoliro ndi chida choimbira chomwe chimapangidwa ndi matabwa. Zojambula zamakono nthawi zina zimapangidwa ndi nsungwi, zitsulo, pulasitiki, galasi. Amakhala ndi machubu omangika aatali osiyanasiyana. Timbre, kulira kwa chitoliro kumadalira chiwerengero chawo. Pali ma panflute okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa machubu kuyambira 3 mpaka 29.

Mbiri yakale

Chitoliro chakale kwambiri chinali kuyimba mluzu. Chida chosavuta choyimba chopangidwa kunyumbachi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aliyense: anyamata onse amayimba mluzu muzinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo abusa amapereka malamulo kwa agalu. Posangalala pa nthawi yawo yopuma, iwo anapeka nyimbo zachidule. Pang'onopang'ono, kuyimba mluzu kunasinthidwa, kusinthidwa ndipo mpaka lero ndi chida chodziwika bwino choyimba nyimbo.

Zitsanzo za panflute (2-paipi ndi zina) zidapezeka pakufukula ku Greece Yakale ndi Egypt Yakale. Zitsanzo zomwe zapezeka zimayambira cha m'ma 5000 BC. Zikhalidwe zonse zakale zimatsutsana ndi ufulu wotchedwa otulukira chitoliro, koma dzina lenilenilo "Pan's chitoliro" limadziwika kuchokera ku nthano za Agiriki akale, omwe abwera ku nthawi yathu pamodzi ndi nyimbo zodabwitsa.

Nthano yakale

Nthano yodabwitsa ya Pan ndi chitoliro imanena za maonekedwe a chida choimbira. Nkhaniyi ili ndi zaka mazana ambiri, koma atamva, palibe amene amakhalabe wosayanjanitsika.

Kale, woyang'anira chilengedwe, msipu ndi abusa, mulungu Pan ankasamalira ubwino wapadziko lapansi woperekedwa kwa iye. Pan anali wochereza wabwino: zonse zidaphuka, zobala zipatso, bizinesi inali kutsutsana. Vuto limodzi - Mulungu anali wonyansa. Koma mnyamatayo sanade nkhawa kwambiri ndi zimenezi, anali wansangala komanso wonyada. Izi zinapitirira mpaka mulungu wamng'onoyo, chifukwa cha kuseka, adagwidwa ndi muvi ndi mulungu wachikondi, Eros. Pa tsiku lomwelo, Pan anakumana ndi nymph dzina lake Syrinx m'nkhalango ndipo anaduka mutu. Koma kukongolako, poona kutsogolo kwake chilombo chandevu, chanyanga zokhala ndi ziboda ngati za mbuzi, anachita mantha ndipo anathamangira kuthamanga. Mtsinje unatsekereza njira yake, ndipo Pan adakondwera: adatsala pang'ono kuthawira wothawayo, koma m'malo mwa nymph, m'manja mwake munapezeka mabango ambiri. Kwa nthawi yayitali, Pan wachisoni adayima pamwamba pamadzi, osamvetsetsa komwe mtsikanayo adapita, ndipo adamva nyimbo. Adalankhula mawu a Syrinx. Mulungu wokomedwayo anamvetsetsa kuti mtsinjewo unamusandutsa bango, kudula tsinde zingapo, kumanga ndi kupanga chitoliro chomwe chimamveka ngati mawu okoma a wokondedwa.

Panflute chipangizo

Chidachi chimakhala ndi machubu angapo opanda dzenje aatali osiyanasiyana. Kumbali imodzi iwo atsekedwa. Chitoliro chilichonse chimayikidwa payekhapayekha: kutalika kwa chubu kumasinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pulagi kumbali ina. Ambuye amakono amagwiritsa ntchito sera pachifukwa ichi. Palinso mapulagi opangidwa ndi mphira, matabwa a cork - muzochitika zoterezi, phula la zolembazo likhoza kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri. Koma Amwenye aku South America anachita izo mosavuta: anatseka mabowo ndi chimanga chimanga kapena timiyala.

Monga liwu la munthu, ma panflute amasiyana mosiyanasiyana:

• soprano;
• mkulu;
• tenor;
• contrabass;
• ma bass awiri

Chimodzi mwa zofooka zochepa za chitoliro chimatchedwa kuti phokoso lochepa. Zitoliro zina zimayimba mu octave zitatu, zina zimalira 15. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa mapaipi komanso luso la woimba.

Mitundu ya zida

Chitoliro cha Pan chinakhala chitsanzo chopangira zida zina zofananira. Amasiyana mumtundu wa kulumikizana kwa chubu:

Machubu a Bonded:

• nai - chitoliro chokhala ndi mipiringidzo yambiri cha Moldavian ndi Romanian;
• samponya - chida cha anthu okhala ku Central Andes okhala ndi mizere 1 kapena 2 ya mipope;
• chitoliro - dzina ntchito Ukraine;
• siku - chitoliro cha Amwenye okhala ku South America;
• larchemi, soinari - Chitoliro cha abusa aku Georgia chakumadzulo.

Panflutes okhala ndi machubu osamangika:

• Kuima chipsan - chida cha Komi-Permyaks ndi Komi-Zyryans;
• skuduchay - zosiyanasiyana Lithuanian;
• kugikly ndi chida cha ku Russia.

Panflute ya mtundu uliwonse imakhala ndi kutalika kosiyana, kuchuluka kwa machubu, njira yomangirira, ndi zinthu zopangira.

Momwe mungapangire panflute yanu

Zomwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zimakhala ndi mapaipi, zimakhala zosavuta kupanga. Ndondomeko yonseyi imachitika m'magawo angapo:

1. Mu Okutobala, amasonkhanitsa zinthu - mabango kapena mabango. Amadula ndi mpeni, kuteteza manja awo ndi magolovesi: masamba a bango amakonda kudulidwa. Pamphepete mwa nyanja amatsuka nkhuni zakufa.
2. Kuyanika kwapamwamba kumachitika mwachilengedwe (osati ndi chowumitsira tsitsi komanso osati pa batri) kwa masiku 5-10.
3. Bango limachekedwa mosamala m’mawondo.
4. Pali magawo a membrane pakati pa mawondo - amachotsedwa ndi mpeni wochepa thupi kapena msomali.
5. Ndi ndodo yopyapyala ya m'mimba mwake yaying'ono, chibowocho chimamasulidwa ku zamkati.
6. Chubu loyamba limapangidwa lalitali kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, zina zonse zimayikidwa chizindikiro, kuchepetsa chilichonse ndi m'lifupi mwa chala chachikulu.
7. Kenaka, perani chitoliro chilichonse kuti chikhale chofanana. Panthawiyi, mutha kuyesa kale aliyense kuti amveke: kuchokera pansi, tseka dzenje ndi chala chanu, kuwombera kuchokera pamwamba.
8. Mapaipi alumikizidwa. Njira ya anthu: gulu lirilonse limamangiriridwa mosiyana, ndiyeno chirichonse chimamangidwa pamodzi ndi ulusi, ndiye pambali ndi theka la machubu, kugawanika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kozizira kapena mfuti yotentha, koma izi zimachepetsa kumveka bwino.
9. Mabowo apansi amakutidwa ndi pulasitiki.

Momwe mungaphunzirire kusewera

Kuti mumvetse bwino chidacho, muyenera kumvetsetsa zenizeni za Sewerolo. Panflute imaphatikiza zinthu za harmonica ndi chiwalo. Kuti izi zimveke, m'pofunika kuti mpweya wotuluka m'mphepete mwa chubu uyambe kunjenjemera. Kumveka kwa phokoso kumadalira kutalika kwa chubu: kufupikitsa chubu, kumveka kwapamwamba. Posewera, amawomba ndi diaphragm: kamvekedwe ka mawu kamadalira mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuphunzira kuimba chitoliro cha Pan ndi ntchito yayitali, yotopetsa. Koma pakusewera pamlingo wa amateur, ndikwanira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta:

1. Ndikofunikira kuyika thupi moyenera - kuyimirira kapena kukhala pansi ndi lathyathyathya, koma momasuka mmbuyo.
2. Mbali yayitali imatengedwa ndi dzanja lamanja. Chidacho chimakhala chofanana ndi thupi, chikugwada kutali ndi wosewera mpira.
3. Mikono imakhala yomasuka kuti isunthe mosavuta ku machubu otsika.
4. Oimba ali ndi mawu akuti "makutu a khutu" - malo a milomo. Yesani kumwetulira pang'ono. Gawani milomo pang'ono, kuwomba ngati botolo. Pa zolemba zapamwamba, milomo imapanikizidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo zolemba zochepa zimatengedwa ndi milomo yomasuka.

Oimba amawulula zinsinsi zina, kuzidziwa bwino zomwe, mutha kupatsa nyimboyo mawu omveka bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kuti apereke timbre, mayendedwe amapangidwa ndi lilime, monga potchula makonsonanti "d", "t".

Pakupanga nyimbo zakale kwambiri, amawerengera mapaipi, amapeza zithunzi zojambulidwa mwapadera ndi oimba zitoliro odziwa bwino ntchito, ndipo amaphunzira: "Maria anali ndi Mwanawankhosa", akusewera mapaipi owerengeka: 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3 , 2, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2, 1.

Phokoso lowoneka bwino, lopepuka, lopanda mpweya limadzutsa kukumbukira zinthu zakutali. Ndipo ngati nyimboyi ikuchitidwa ndi ma ensembles, kubweretsa mtundu wa dziko, ndiye kuti mungaganize kuti: mwina ndi bwino kuti Pan sanagwirizane ndi nymph, chifukwa chifukwa cha ichi tili ndi mwayi wosangalala ndi nyimbo zabwino zamatsenga.