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ku lat. positio - udindo

Malo a dzanja la woimbayo ndi zala zake akamayimba chida choimbira molingana ndi fretboard ya chida cha zingwe kapena kiyibodi ya chida cha kiyibodi.

1) Mukamaimba violin P. - malo a dzanja lamanzere pa fretboard, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi chiŵerengero ndi kugwirizana kwa choyamba ndi chala chachikulu ndikukulolani kuti muzichita phokoso lopatsidwa popanda kusuntha dzanja lanu. Malo a P. amatsimikiziridwa ndi mtunda kuchokera pa chala choyamba choyikidwa pa chingwe kupita ku mtedza. 1 P. imatchedwa malo oterowo a dzanja ndi chala choyamba pokhudzana ndi mtedza, ndi Krom pa chingwe e, phokoso la f1 limachotsedwa. The fretboard ya violin nthawi zambiri imagawidwa kukhala P., kutengera kusintha kwa mtunda pakati pa chala choyamba ndi mtedza ndi kusintha kofananira komwe kuli chala chachikulu pamene dzanja limasunthidwa motsatizana m'khosi. Mu 1738 Mfalansa M. Corret mu "School of Orpheus" adayambitsa kugawidwa kwa khosi la violin mu malo 7. Adakhazikitsa magawano awa pakusiyanitsa kwa fretboard mu toni ndi semitones; P. iliyonse pa chingwe chimodzi imakumbatira mtundu wa kotala.

Gawo ili, to-rogo linatsatira oimira a French. Sukulu ya violin, pambuyo pake idalandiridwa mofala (ndi chitukuko cha luso la virtuoso, kuchuluka kwa violin kunawonjezeka. Kugawidwa kwa khosi la violin kukhala P.

ndi chida chothandizira chomveka, kudula poyambira maphunziro kumathandiza wophunzira kuti adziwe khosi. Lingaliro la P. limalola woyimba violini kugawira m'maganizo kusuntha kwa zala pazigawo zofananira za fretboard ndipo zimathandizira kuti pakhale mtunda wautali. Kwa iwo omwe adapeza luso la woyimba zeze, kukhala kwa mawu kwa wina kapena P. kulibe zolengedwa. ma values ​​ndipo nthawi zina amasandulika kukhala mabuleki, kumangirira ufulu wakuwongolera pa fretboard. Kwenikweni udindo wa dzanja lamanzere la woyimba violini pakuchita masewerawa nthawi zambiri amatsutsana ndi dzina lovomerezeka la ordinal P. Izi zimabweretsa chisokonezo chosafunika ndipo ndi gwero la zolakwika zazikulu posankha chala.

Masiku ano Mchitidwe woimba violin umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana. mitundu ya makonzedwe a zala pa fretboard, enharmonic. kusintha kwa mawu, kusewera nthawi imodzi moyandikana ndi P.

Zikatero, zingakhale zosatheka kudziwa malo omwe dzanja liri pamalingaliro a dongosolo lovomerezeka lovomerezeka. Kuchokera pa izi, P. iyenera kuganiziridwa ngati chiyambi cha kanthawi kothandizira kayendetsedwe ka zala, kusintha nthawi iliyonse malinga ndi zofunikira za ndondomeko yeniyeni yoimba nyimbo.

2) Mumasewera pa fp. P. - gulu la zolemba zophimbidwa (kapena zophimbidwa) pa kiyibodi ndi malo amodzi a dzanja kuti chala chilichonse panthawiyi chikhalebe pa fungulo lomwelo. Ndimeyi ikhoza kugawidwa mu P. yochitidwa ndi "zovuta" (monga muzitsulo) zovomerezeka za dzanja lonse (popanda kuyika chala cha 1).

F. Mndandanda. "Mephisto Waltz" (gawo lamanja).

Kuchita koteroko kwa ndime ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zazikulu zaukadaulo F. List, F. Busoni ndi otsatira awo.

Zothandizira: Yampolsky I., Zofunika za violin fingering, M., 1933, kusinthidwa. ndi ed., 1955 (mutu 5. Udindo); Logan G., Pa piano kapangidwe, M., 1961.

IM Yampolsky, GM Kogan