Mulingo wa opanga piyano

Amanena kuti Richter wanzeru sanakonde kusankha piyano asanachite. Kusewera kwake kunali kopambana mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa piyano. Oyimba piyano masiku ano amasankha kwambiri - wina amakonda mphamvu ya Steinway, pomwe wina amakonda kuyimba kwa Bechstein. Aliyense ali ndi zokonda zosiyanasiyana, koma palinso mavoti odziyimira pawokha a opanga piyano.

Ma parameters oti muwunikire

Kuti mukhale mtsogoleri pamsika wa piyano, sikokwanira kungopanga zida zomveka bwino kapena kupitilira omwe akupikisana nawo pakugulitsa piyano. Mukawunika kampani ya piyano, magawo angapo amaganiziridwa:

1. khalidwe la phokoso - chizindikiro ichi chimadalira mapangidwe a piyano, makamaka pa khalidwe la soundboard;
2. chiwerengero cha mtengo / khalidwe - momwe zilili bwino;
3. mtundu wa zitsanzo - momwe zimayimiridwa mokwanira;
4. Ubwino wa zida za mtundu uliwonse uyenera kukhala wofanana;
5. kuchuluka kwa malonda.

Tiyenera kumveketsa bwino kuti mavoti a piano ndi osiyana pang'ono ndi ma piyano akuluakulu. Pansipa tiwona malo a onse awiri pamsika wa piyano, nthawi imodzi ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe amtundu wodziwika kwambiri.

Maphunziro apamwamba

Zida zautali, zomwe moyo wawo wautumiki umafika zaka zana, zimagwera mu "mgwirizano waukulu". Chida chapamwamba chili ndi zomangamanga zabwino - kulenga kwake kumatenga 90% kugwira ntchito pamanja komanso osachepera miyezi 8 ya ntchito. Izi zikufotokozera kupanga kwachidutswa. Ma piyano m'kalasili ndi odalirika kwambiri ndipo amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kupanga mawu.

Atsogoleri osakayikira a msika wa piyano ndi American-German Steinway & Sons ndi German C.Bechstein. Amatsegula mndandanda wa piano zazikulu zokulirapo ndipo ndi oyimira okhawo omwe ali mgululi la piano.

Elegant Steinways amakongoletsa magawo otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - kuchokera ku La Scala kupita ku Mariinsky Theatre. Steinway amalemekezedwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake komanso phokoso lolemera. Chimodzi mwa zinsinsi za phokoso lake ndikuti makoma a mbali ya thupi ndi olimba. Njirayi inali yovomerezeka ndi Steinway, monganso matekinoloje ena 120-plus popanga piano zazikulu.

Mdani wamkulu wa Steinway, Bechstein, amakopeka ndi mawu ake a "moyo", wofewa komanso wopepuka. Piyano iyi idakondedwa ndi Franz Liszt, ndipo Claude Debussy anali wotsimikiza kuti nyimbo za piyano ziyenera kulembedwa kwa Bechstein kokha. Asanayambe kusintha ku Russia, mawu akuti "kusewera Bechsteins" anali otchuka - chizindikirocho chinali chogwirizana kwambiri ndi lingaliro lomwelo la kuimba piyano.

Ma piyano akulu a konsati amapangidwanso:

• Wopanga waku America Mason&Hamlin - amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano mu makina a piyano komanso chowongolera chowongolera chomveka. Kamvekedwe kamvekedwe kake kamafanana ndi Steinway;
• Austrian Bösendorfer - amapanga phokoso lomveka kuchokera ku Bavarian spruce, motero phokoso lolemera, lakuya la chidacho. Chodabwitsa chake ndi kiyibodi yake yosakhala yokhazikika: palibe makiyi a 88, koma 97. Ravel ndi Debussy ali ndi ntchito zapadera makamaka za Bösendorfer;
• Fazioli waku Italiya amagwiritsa ntchito spruce wofiira ngati zida zamawu, pomwe ma violin a Stradivarius adapangidwa. Ma piyano amtunduwu amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu zawo za sonic ndi mawu olemera, ozama ngakhale mu kaundula wapamwamba;
• German Steingraeber&Söhne;
• French Pleyel.

Maphunziro apamwamba

Opanga piyano zapamwamba amagwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera manambala apakompyuta (CNC) akamapangira zida m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito manja. Nthawi yomweyo, zimatengera miyezi 6 mpaka 10 kupanga piyano, kotero kupanga ndi gawo limodzi. Zida zapamwamba zimatha zaka 30 mpaka 50.

Makampani ena a piyano a kalasiyi afotokozedwa kale pamwambapa:

• mitundu yosankhidwa ya piano zazikulu ndi piano kuchokera ku Boesendorfer ndi Steinway;
• Fazioli ndi Yamaha pianos (S-class okha);
• Piyano yayikulu ya Bechstein.

Opanga piyano ena apamwamba kwambiri:

• piyano zazikulu ndi piano za mtundu wa German Blüthner ("kuimba piyano zazikulu" ndi mawu ofunda);
• German Seiler grand pianos (otchuka chifukwa cha mawu awo owonekera);
• Ma piano aku Germany a Grotrian Steinweg (phokoso lomveka bwino; lodziwika ndi piano zazikulu ziwiri)
• Ma piano akuluakulu aku Japan a Yamaha (mawu omveka bwino komanso mphamvu zomveka; zida zovomerezeka zamipikisano yotchuka yapadziko lonse lapansi);
• Ma piano akuluakulu aku Japan Shigeru Kawai.

Kalasi yapakatikati

Ma piyano a kalasi iyi amadziwika ndi kupanga kwakukulu: kupanga chidacho sichifuna miyezi 4-5. Makina a CNC amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Piyano yapakati imatha pafupifupi zaka 15.

Oimira odziwika pakati pa piano:

• Wopanga Czech-Germany W.Hoffmann;
• German Sauter, Schimmel, Rönisch;
• Japanese Boston (mtundu wa Kawai), Shigeru Kawai, K.Kawai;
• American Wm.Knabe&Co, Kohler&Campbell, Sohmer&Co;
• Samick waku South Korea.

Pakati pa piano ndi zopangidwa German August Foerster ndi Zimmermann (Bechstein mtundu). Amatsatiridwa ndi opanga piyano aku Germany: Grotrian Steinweg, W.Steinberg, Seiler, Sauter, Steingraeber ndi Schimmel.

Kalasi ya ogula

Zida zotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi ma piano a ogula. Amangotenga miyezi 3-4 kuti apange, koma amakhala kwa zaka zingapo. Ma piyano awa amasiyanitsidwa ndi kupanga makina ambiri.

Makampani a piyano a kalasi iyi:

• Piyano zazikulu zaku Czech ndi piano za Petrof ndi Bohemia;
• Polish Vogel limba zazikulu;
• Ma piano akuluakulu aku South Korea ndi piano Samick, Bergman ndi Young Chang;
• mitundu ina ya piano yaku America Kohler & Campbell;
• Ma piano aku Germany a Haessler;
• Chitchaina, Malaysian ndi Indonesian grand pianos ndi Yamaha ndi Kawai piano;
• limba za ku Indonesia Euterpe;
• Piano waku China Feurich;
• Ma piano aku Japan aku Boston (mtundu wa Steinway).

Wopanga Yamaha amafunikira chidwi chapadera - pakati pa zida zake, ma disclaviers amakhala ndi malo apadera. Ma piano akulu ndi ma piano olunjika amaphatikiza luso lakale la piyano yayikulu komanso luso lapadera la piyano ya digito.

M'malo momaliza

Germany ndiye mtsogoleri pakati pa piano m'njira zonse. Mwa njira, imatumiza kunja kuposa theka la zida zake. Ikutsatiridwa ndi USA ndi Japan. China, South Korea ndi Czech Republic akhoza kupikisana ndi mayikowa - koma potengera kuchuluka kwa kupanga.