Vuvuzela: ndi chiyani, mbiri yakale, ntchito, mfundo zosangalatsa

Pambuyo pa 2010 FIFA World Cup, mawu atsopano adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafani aku Russia - vuvuzela. Kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Chizulu cha fuko la Bantu la ku Africa, limatanthauza "kupanga phokoso" ndipo limazindikira molondola kwambiri za chida choimbira cha dzina lomwelo, chomwe m'malo mwa nyimbo imatulutsa phokoso lofanana ndi kulira kwa chimphona chachikulu cha njuchi.

Kodi vuvuzela ndi chiyani

Chipangizo chokhala ndi mbiya yotalika mpaka mita imodzi, yomwe imatha kukhala belu. Mpweya ukawomberedwa mkati, phokoso limapangidwa mokulirapo kangapo kuposa kubwereza kwa mawu a munthu.

Mphamvu ya liwu lotulutsidwa la vuvuzela imatsimikiziridwa kukhala pafupifupi ma decibel 127. Izi ndi zokwera kwambiri kuposa phokoso lomwe helikoputa imapanga komanso yocheperako poyerekeza ndi ndege yomwe ikunyamuka.

Chidacho chili ndi dzina lina - lepatata. Zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, zitsanzo zamakono zimatha kupangidwa ndi zipangizo zina. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi okonda mpira kuthandiza osewera.

Mbiri ya chida

Kholo la vuvuzela linali chitoliro cha ku Africa, chomwe kuyambira kalekale, oimira mafuko ankasonkhanitsa anthu amtundu wina kuti apite ku misonkhano, kuopseza nyama zakutchire. Anthu a m’derali anangodula nyanga ya ng’ombeyo n’kuyiomba n’kumauluza mpweya m’mbali yopapatizayo.

Woyambitsa vuvuzela, popanda kudziwa, mu 1970 anali mbadwa ya ku South Africa, Freddie Mackie. Poyang'ana mafani, adawona kuti ambiri aiwo samakuwa kapena kuyimba, koma amangolira mu mapaipi. Freddie analibe chitoliro, choncho anapita ku Sewero la mpira, akugwira nyanga ya njinga. Lipenga la Maaki linkamveka mokweza kwambiri, koma anaganiza zoti akope chidwi chake poonjezera kufika pa mita imodzi.

Mafani mwamsanga anatenga lingaliro la Freddie ndikuyamba kupanga mavuvuzela awo kuchokera ku zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, kumangirira mapaipi ku baluni ya nyanga ya njinga. M’chaka cha 2001, kampani ya ku South Africa ya Masincedane Sport inalembetsa dzina lakuti “vuvuzela” ndipo inayamba kupanga chidacho mochuluka. Chotero, dziko la South Africa moyenerera limalingaliridwa kukhala malo obadwirako vuvuzela.

Lipenga poyamba linapangidwa ndi zitsulo, koma mafaniwo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chida ngati chida, kukonza masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mafani a magulu ena. Choncho, chifukwa cha chitetezo, mapaipi anayamba kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki.

kugwiritsa

Nkhani yochititsa manyazi yokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mavuvuzela m’maseŵero inayamba mu 2009 Confederations Cup ndi 2010 World Cup. Malinga ndi oimira FIFA, chida chachitali m'manja mwa mafani chikhoza kukhala chida, monga mileme kapena ndodo. Bungwe la Football Association lawopseza kuti liletsa kubweretsa mapaipi m'mabwalo amasewera.

Komabe, mbali ya South Africa yati chidachi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu okonda ku South Africa, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolepheretsa okonda kusunga miyambo yawo. Pamasewera a World Cup a 2010, mafani amatha kuyenda bwinobwino ndi mavuvuzela m'manja mwawo ndikusangalalira timu yawo.

Koma mu June 2010, mipope ya ku South Africa inali yoletsedwa pamipikisano yonse yamasewera ku Britain, komanso mu Ogasiti ku France. Mabungwe adziko lonse a European Football Union adavomereza chisankhochi mogwirizana. Mogwirizana ndi ganizoli, mavuvuzela ayenera kutengedwa kuchokera kwa mafani omwe ali pakhomo la masitediyamu. Otsutsa chidachi amakhulupirira kuti sichilola osewera kuyang'ana pa Seweroli, ndipo olemba ndemanga amaphimba masewerawo.

Mfundo Zokondweretsa

• Ma TV a LG kuyambira 2009-2010 ali ndi ntchito yosefera mawu yomwe imatha kuchepetsa phokoso ndikupangitsa kuti mawu a ndemanga azimveka bwino.
• Polemekeza chitoliro cha ku South Africa, mtsikana woyamba wotchedwa Vuvuzela anaonekera m’banja la ku Uruguay.
• Zida za 20 zidagulitsidwa tsiku loyamba chilengezo cha World Cup 000.
• Malinga ndi malamulo a ku South Africa, aliyense wokhala m'dzikoli amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha makutu pa phokoso la 85 dB, ndipo amaloledwa kutulutsanso phokoso la lepatata ndi mafupipafupi a 130 dB.
• M'masitolo a ku Cape Town mungathe kugula mapulagi apadera a makutu kwa okonda mpira, omwe amachepetsa phokoso la 4 nthawi.
• Vuvuzela lalikulu kwambiri ndi lalitali kuposa mamita 34.

Ngakhale malingaliro osagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera kuthandizira magulu a mpira mothandizidwa ndi chitoliro cha South Africa, chidacho chikukhala chapadziko lonse lapansi. Otsatira ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana amagula ndikujambula mumitundu yoyenera, kuwonetsa mgwirizano ndi osewera.