Nyanga: kufotokozera zida, kapangidwe, mitundu, mbiri, ntchito

Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zoimbira, palibe ambiri mbadwa zaku Russia. Imodzi mwa izo ndi lipenga lamatabwa, lomwe lachoka pa mnzake wokhulupirika wa abusa kupita kwa membala wokwanira wamagulu amitundu ndi oimba.

nyanga ndi chiyani

Lipenga ndi chida cha anthu a ku Russia chopangidwa ndi matabwa (kalelo, birch, mapulo, ndi matabwa a juniper ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu). Ndi wa gulu la mphepo. “Abale” apafupi kwambiri ndiwo nyanga yosaka nyama, lipenga la mbusa.

Poyambirira, idachita ntchito yosakhala yanyimbo: idathandizira kukopa chidwi, kupereka chizindikiro chomveka pakagwa ngozi. Anagawidwa pakati pa abusa, alonda, ankhondo. Pambuyo pake, idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito poimba nyimbo zovina ndi nyimbo.

Mtundu wa lipenga ndi pafupifupi wofanana ndi octave. Akatswiri amatha kuchotsa phokoso la 7-8, amateurs amatha kufika pamtunda wa 5. Chidacho chimamveka chowala, choboola.

Chida chipangizo

Chinthucho chikuwoneka chophweka kwambiri: chubu chamatabwa chokhala ndi mabowo asanu ndi limodzi. Mosinthana potseka mabowowo, mmisiriyo amachotsa phokoso la utali wofunidwawo.

Mbali yapamwamba, yopapatiza imathera ndi kamwa - chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kutulutsa mawu. Mbali yaikulu yapansi imatchedwa belu. Belu limapereka kufalitsa kwabwino kwa mawu, kumapangitsa kuti mawu omveka bwino amveke.

Kutalika kwa chida ndi kosiyana (mkati mwa 30-80 cm).

Mbiri yakale

Dzina la Mlengi wa nyanga silidziwika, komanso nthawi yowonekera. Ntchito yake yoyambirira, yodziwika ndi abusa, ikuwonetsa kuti zigawo zoyambirira zogawa zida za nyanga zinali madera omwe alimi a ng'ombe ndi alimi (mayiko amakono a Poland, Czech Republic, ndi Finland).

Horn inakhala zosangalatsa zaka mazana angapo zapitazo. Mapangidwe opangidwa ndi cone ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pa miyambo, maukwati, zikondwerero za anthu.

Zolemba zoyamba zomwe zatchulidwa ku Russia za chidacho zidayamba chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX. Koma zinafalikira m’dziko lonselo kalekale. Maumboni olembedwawa akunena kale kuti chidachi chikufalikira kudera lonse la Russia, makamaka pakati pa anthu osauka.

Nyanga ya m'busa inapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo yofanana ndi nyanga za m'busa: theka la thupilo linamangidwa pamodzi ndi makungwa a birch. Panali mtundu watsiku limodzi: m'busa adapanga kuchokera ku khungwa la msondodzi. Kuchotsa makungwa a msondodzi, mwamphamvu anapotoza mu ozungulira, kupeza chitoliro. Amatchedwa disposable, monga amamveka mpaka khungwa liuma. Lingaliro la chida chatsiku limodzi linali la alimi a m'chigawo cha Tula.

Lipenga lidayambitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi ngati chida choyambirira chaku Russia m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Nthawi imeneyi inadziwika ndi kulengedwa kwa Vladimir Horn Players Choir (yotsogoleredwa ndi NV Kondratiev). Poyamba, gululo anachita mkati chigawo chake, ndiye anaitanidwa kuchita mu likulu.

Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX, Kwaya ya Kondratiev idapereka makonsati ku Europe. Chiwonetsero chilichonse chinatsagana ndi chipambano chomwe sichinachitikepo. Apa m'pamene nyanga Russian anazikika zolimba mu ensemble wa wowerengeka zida. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX, nyimbo za kwaya ya Vladimir zidajambulidwa pamawu a galamafoni.

Zosiyanasiyana

Kugawikana kumachitika molingana ndi mbali ziwiri zazikulu: magwiridwe antchito, dera logawa.

Mwa kuphedwa

Pali mitundu iwiri:

• Kuphatikiza. Izi zikuphatikizapo mitundu iwiri ya nyanga, zoyang'anizana ndi kukula kwake ndi phokoso. Kukula kochepa (kupitirira 30 cm kukula) kumatchedwa "squealer", pazipita (kuchokera 70 cm kukula) amatchedwa "bass". amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ensembles. Mogwirizana pamodzi ndi limba, balalaika, ng'oma.
• Pamodzi. Ili ndi miyeso yapakatikati, m'dera la 50-60 cm, imatchedwa "half-bass". Amafunidwa ndi oimba payekha. Phokoso lomveka bwino limakupatsani mwayi wochita nyimbo zambiri.

Ndi dera

Madera amene nyangayo inafalikira anasintha kamangidwe kake mogwirizana ndi nthano zawo. Masiku ano, mitundu yotsatirayi imasiyanitsidwa:

• Kursk;
• Kostroma;
• Yaroslavl;
• Suzdal;
• Vladimirsky.

Kusiyana kwa Vladimir kudatchuka kwambiri - chifukwa cha ntchito ya kwaya ya Vladimir Horn Players yomwe tafotokozayi. Inali ntchito yolenga ya NV Kondratiev yomwe inabweretsa ulemerero ku lipenga, kusintha kwake kuchokera ku chida cha abusa kuti agwirizane ndikusewera.

kugwiritsa

Abusa sanagwiritse ntchito nyanga kwa nthawi yaitali. Malo a chida ichi lero ali mu Russian wowerengeka ensembles, orchestra. Okwanira komanso ochita payekha, kuyang'anira mwaluso zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe.

Pulogalamu yamakonsati amagulu amtundu wa anthu, omwe amaphatikizapo osewera a nyanga, amaphatikizanso nyimbo zosiyanasiyana: nyimbo, kuvina, msilikali, nthabwala, ukwati.

Kuyimba lipenga

Ndizovuta kusewera. Chidacho ndi chachikale, sikophweka kuchotsa phokoso lomwe mukufuna. Padzafunika kuchita kwambiri, kupuma maphunziro. Ngakhale kungotenga phokoso losalala bwino silingagwire ntchito nthawi yomweyo, zidzatenga miyezi yokonzekera.

Mapangidwewo amasinthidwa kuti azimveka molunjika, popanda ma trills, akusefukira. Ena virtuosos adazolowera kuchita tremolo, koma izi zimafuna ukatswiri waukulu.

Kuyera kwa kamvekedwe, kukweza kwa phokoso mwachindunji kumadalira mphamvu ya mpweya. Phokosoli limasinthidwa ndikumangirira mabowo omwe ali pathupi.

Ukadaulo wa Sewero ndi wofanana ndi chitoliro.