Trembita: ndi chiyani, kapangidwe ka zida, momwe zimamvekera, gwiritsani ntchito

"Moyo wa Carpathians" - umu ndi momwe anthu a Kum'mawa ndi Kumpoto kwa Ulaya amatcha chida choimbira cha mphepo trembita. Zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, idakhala gawo la chikhalidwe cha dziko, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi abusa, kuchenjeza za ngozi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito paukwati, zikondwerero, maholide. Kusiyanitsa kwake sikumangomveka kokha. Ichi ndi chida chachitali kwambiri choyimba, chodziwika ndi Guinness Book of Records.

Kodi trembita ndi chiyani

Gulu la nyimbo limatanthawuza kuyimba zida zamphepo. Ndi chitoliro chamatabwa. Kutalika ndi mamita 3, pali zitsanzo zazikulu zazikulu - mpaka mamita 4.

Ma Hutsuls amasewera trembita, akuwomba mpweya kumapeto kwa chitoliro, chomwe ndi mainchesi atatu. Belu likuwonjezedwa.

Kupanga zida

Pali ochepa opanga trembita owona omwe atsala. Ukadaulo wa chilengedwe sunasinthe kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Chitolirocho chimapangidwa ndi spruce kapena larch. Chombocho chimatembenuzidwa, kenako chimawumitsidwa pachaka, chomwe chimaumitsa nkhuni.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi kukwaniritsa khoma woonda pamene gouging dzenje lamkati. Kuchepa kwake kumamveka bwino, kumveka kokongola kwambiri. Mulingo woyenera khoma makulidwe ndi 3-7 millimeters. Popanga trembita, palibe guluu. Pambuyo pobowola, halves amalumikizidwa ndi mphete za nthambi za spruce. Thupi la chida chomalizidwa limakutidwa ndi makungwa a birch.

Chitoliro cha Hutsul chilibe mavavu ndi mavavu. Bowo la gawo lopapatiza lili ndi beep. Iyi ndi lipenga kapena chitsulo mphuno yomwe woimba amawuzira mpweya. Phokoso limadalira khalidwe lomanga ndi luso la woimbayo.

kumveka

Kusewera kwa Trembita kumatha kumveka ma kilomita angapo. Nyimbo zoimbidwa m’kaundula wapamwamba ndi wapansi. Pa Sewero, chidacho chimagwiridwa ndi belu mmwamba. Phokoso limadalira luso la woimbayo, yemwe sayenera kungotulutsa mpweya, koma kupanga kusuntha kwa milomo yonjenjemera. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito imatheketsa kutulutsa mawu anyimbo kapena kutulutsa mawu okweza.

Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti, olowa m’malo mwa opanga malipengawo amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yokhayo imene yawonongeka ndi mphezi. Pankhaniyi, zaka za nkhuni ziyenera kukhala zosachepera zaka 120. Amakhulupirira kuti mbiya yotereyi imakhala ndi phokoso lapadera.

Kufalitsa

Abusa a Hutsul ankagwiritsa ntchito trembita ngati chida chodziwira. Ndi phokoso lake, adadziwitsa anthu a m'mudzimo za kubwerera kwa ng'ombe kuchokera ku msipu, phokosolo linakopa oyendayenda otayika, anasonkhanitsa anthu ku zikondwerero zachikondwerero, zochitika zofunika.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondo, abusa ankakwera m’mapiri n’kumayang’ana anthu amene akuwaukira. Adaniwo atangoyandikira, kulira kwa lipengalo kunadziwitsa mudzi wonse za nkhaniyi. Panthaŵi yamtendere, abusa ankasangalala ndi nyimbo, pamene anali kutali ndi msipu.

Chidacho chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakati pa anthu a ku Transcarpathia, Romania, Poles, Hungarians. Anthu okhala m'midzi ya Polissya ankagwiritsanso ntchito trembita, koma kukula kwake kunali kochepa kwambiri, ndipo phokoso linali lochepa kwambiri.

kugwiritsa

Masiku ano ndizosowa kumva phokoso la trembita pa msipu, ngakhale kumadera akutali a Western Ukraine chida sichimataya kufunika kwake. Yakhala mbali ya chikhalidwe cha dziko ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magulu a anthu komanso magulu a anthu. Nthawi zina amaimba yekha komanso amatsagana ndi zida zina zamtundu wina.

Woyimba waku Ukraine Ruslana pa Eurovision Song Contest 2004 adaphatikizanso trembita mu pulogalamu yake yamasewera. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti lipenga la Hutsul limagwirizana bwino ndi nyimbo zamakono. Phokoso lake limatsegula zikondwerero za dziko la Chiyukireniya, limayitananso anthu okhala ku maholide, monga momwe adachitira zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo.