BORODIN: LUCKY CHORD OF MUSIC NDI SAYANSI

     Wachichepere aliyense, posakhalitsa, amaganizira za funso la zomwe angapereke moyo wake, momwe angatsimikizire kuti ntchito yake yamtsogolo imakhala kupitiriza kwa ubwana wake kapena maloto ake aunyamata. Chilichonse ndi chophweka ngati mumakonda chimodzi, cholinga chachikulu m'moyo. Pankhaniyi, mutha kuyang'ana zoyesayesa zanu zonse kuti mukwaniritse, osasokonezedwa ndi zina, zachiwiri.

      Koma bwanji ngati mumakonda chirengedwe, dziko la pansi pa madzi, maloto ozungulira dziko lapansi, nyanja zofunda, mkuntho woopsa, zikuuluka kumlengalenga kwa nyenyezi zakumwera kapena zounikira zakumpoto?  Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, mukufuna kukhala dokotala, monga makolo anu. Funso lalikulu limabuka, vuto: kukhala woyenda, woyendetsa sitima zapamadzi, woyendetsa panyanja, wasayansi ya zakuthambo kapena dokotala.

      Koma bwanji za mtsikana amene anabadwa ndi maloto oti akhale wojambula, koma amene akufunikadi kukhala katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo ndi kupeza njira yochepetsera dziko loipitsidwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri, kumene agogo ake ankakhala kutali ndi Chernobyl. Ndikufuna kubwezera kwa agogo anga okondedwa  Kwathu, kutayika  maloto, thanzi…

    Art kapena sayansi, maphunziro kapena masewera, zisudzo kapena malo, banja kapena geology, chess kapena nyimbo ??? Pali njira zina zambiri monga momwe zilili ndi anthu padziko lapansi.

     Kodi mumadziwa kuti wolemba waluso kwambiri, yemwenso ndi katswiri wamankhwala wodziwika bwino, yemwenso ndi dokotala wodziwika bwino - Alexander Porfirievich Borodin - adatiphunzitsa phunziro lapadera pakuphatikiza bwino maitanidwe angapo nthawi imodzi. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri ndi chiyani: m'madera onse atatu osiyana kwambiri a zochita za anthu, adadziwika padziko lonse lapansi! Maphunziro atatu, hypostases atatu - munthu mmodzi. Zolemba zitatu zosiyana zidaphatikizidwa kukhala nyimbo yodabwitsa! 

      AP Borodin ndi chidwi kwa ife mfundo ina zachilendo kwathunthu. Chifukwa chazimenezi, adakhala moyo wake wonse pansi pa dzina la munthu wina, ndi patronymic ya munthu wina. Ndipo anakakamizika kuwayitana amayi ake omwe kuti aunt...

      Kodi si nthawi yoti tiyang'ane mu moyo uno, wodzaza ndi zinsinsi, wachifundo kwambiri mwachibadwa, munthu wophweka, wachifundo?

       bambo ake, Luka Stepanovich Gedianov, anali m'banja akalonga akalonga, amene anayambitsa Gedey. Pa nthawi ya ulamuliro  Tsar Ivan the Terrible (zaka za m'ma XVI) Gedey "kuchokera  Khamu la anthulo linabwera ku Rus’ pamodzi ndi anthu a Chitata.” Pa ubatizo, ndiye kuti, pa kusintha kuchokera ku chikhulupiriro cha Mohammed kupita ku chikhulupiriro cha Orthodox, adalandira dzina lakuti Nikolai. Anatumikira Rus mokhulupirika. Amadziwika kuti Luka Stepanovich agogo aakazi anali mfumukazi ya Imereti (Georgia).   

      Luka Stepanovich  adagwa mchikondi  mtsikana wamng'ono, Avdotya Konstantinovna Antonova. Anali wamng'ono kwa zaka 35 kwa iye. Bambo ake anali munthu wamba, ankateteza dziko lakwawo ngati msilikali wamba.

      October 31, 1833 Luka Stepanovich ndi Avdotya anali ndi mwana. Anamutcha dzina lakuti Alexander. Iye anakhala ndi dzina limeneli moyo wake wonse. Koma sakanatha kutengera dzina lake ndi patronymic kuchokera kwa abambo ake. Ukwati wosafanana kwambiri masiku amenewo sunali wovomerezeka. Izo zinali nthawi imeneyo, makhalidwe anali wotero. Domostroy analamulira. Panali pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu zatsala kuti serfdom athetsedwe.

     Zikhale momwemo, munthu sayenera kukhala wopanda dzina. Anaganiza kupereka Alexander patronymic ndi surname Porfiry Ionovich Borodin, amene ankagwira ntchito kwa Gedianov ngati valet (mwa kulankhula kwina, wantchito chipinda). Iye anali serf. Kwa Sasha, uyu anali mlendo kotheratu. Pofuna kubisa coonadi ponena za magwelo a mnyamatayo kwa anthu, anapemphedwa kuti atchule dzina lake  amayi enieni aunt.

      M'zaka zakutali, munthu wopanda ufulu, serf sakanakhoza kuphunzira osati m'masukulu apamwamba, koma ngakhale mu masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pamene Sasha anafika zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, Luka Stepanovich anam'patsa ufulu ndi kumumasula ku serfdom. Koma  kuvomereza  Kuti alowe ku yunivesite, sukulu kapena malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, munthu amafunikiranso kukhala wagulu lapakati. Ndipo amayi anga adayenera kupempha mphotho yandalama kuti alembetse mwana wawo m'gulu lachitatu (lotsika kwambiri) la amalonda.

      Ubwana wa Sasha unali wovuta. Mavuto a m'kalasi komanso kukhala m'magulu apansi a anthu samamudetsa nkhawa kwambiri.

     Kuyambira ali mwana ankakhala mumzinda, mu miyala yake, labyrinths wopanda moyo. Ndinalandidwa mwayi wolankhula ndi nyama zakutchire komanso kumvetsera nyimbo za m’mudzi. Amakumbukira bwino zomwe adakumana nazo koyamba ndi "nyimbo zamatsenga, zolodza" za chiwalo chakale chonyansa. Ndipo kuyimba, kutsokomola, ndipo nyimbo yake inamizidwa ndi phokoso la msewu: phokoso la ziboda za akavalo, kufuula kwa amalonda akuyenda, phokoso la nyundo kuchokera pabwalo loyandikana nalo ...

      Nthawi zina mphepo inkanyamula nyimbo za gulu la mkuwa kupita ku bwalo la Sasha. Kuguba kwa asilikali kunamveka. Malo a parade a Semenovsky anali pafupi. Asilikaliwo anakonza masitepe awo poguba kuti agwirizane ndi mmene ulendowo ukuyendera.

     Kukumbukira ubwana wake Aleksandrom Porfiryevich anati: "O nyimbo! Nthawi zonse amandiloŵa mpaka kufupa!”

     Amayi ankaona kuti mwana wawo anali wosiyana kwambiri ndi ana ena. Iye makamaka anali wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kukumbukira kwake kodabwitsa komanso chidwi ndi nyimbo.

     Panali piyano m'nyumba ya Sasha. Mnyamatayo anayesa kusankha ndi kusewera maguba amene ankawakonda. Amayi nthawi zina ankaimba gitala ya zingwe zisanu ndi ziwiri. Nthaŵi zina, nyimbo za atsikanawo zinkamveka kuchokera m’chipinda cha namwali m’nyumba ya manor.

     Sasha anakula ngati mnyamata woonda, wodwala. Anthu oyandikana nawo nyumba osadziwa anaopseza mayi anga kuti: “Sakhala ndi moyo wautali. Mwinanso kudya. ” Mawu oipawa anakakamiza mayiyo kuti asamalire mwana wakeyo ndi mphamvu zatsopano ndi kumuteteza. Sanafune kukhulupirira maulosi amenewa. Anachitira zonse Sasha. Ndinkalakalaka kumupatsa maphunziro abwino kwambiri. Anaphunzira Chifalansa ndi Chijeremani atangoyamba kumene ndipo anayamba kuchita chidwi ndi zojambula zamitundu yamadzi ndi zojambulajambula zadongo. Maphunziro a nyimbo anayamba.

      Mu malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi kumene Alexander analowa, kuwonjezera pa maphunziro ambiri, nyimbo anaphunzitsidwa. Ngakhale asanalowe m'bwalo la masewera olimbitsa thupi, adalandira chidziwitso choyambirira cha nyimbo. Iye ankaimba piyano ndi chitoliro.  Komanso, pamodzi ndi bwenzi lake, iye anachita symphonies Beethoven ndi Haydn manja anayi. Ndipo komabe, ndi zolondola kulingalira kuti mphunzitsi woyamba akatswiri  kwa Sasha anali Porman waku Germany, mphunzitsi wanyimbo pabwalo la masewera olimbitsa thupi.

     Ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, Alexander analemba nyimbo ya "Helen".  Zaka zinayi pambuyo pake analemba ntchito yake yoyamba yofunika kwambiri: concerto ya chitoliro ndi piyano. Kenako anaphunzira kuimba cello. Anasonyeza chidwi chodabwitsa cha zongopeka. Sizichokera kuno?  luso, ndisanakhalepo kumayiko otentha,  Patapita zaka zingapo, lembani chithunzi chanyimbo cha "Ku Central Asia" ndi kuponda kwa ngamila, phokoso labata la m'chipululu, nyimbo yokokedwa ya woyendetsa galimoto.

      Poyambirira, ali ndi zaka khumi, anayamba kuchita chidwi ndi chemistry. Khulupirirani kapena ayi, kusankha kwa Borodin pa ntchito yamtsogoloyi kunakhudzidwa ndi kuphulika kwa chikondwerero cha pyrotechnics chomwe adachiwona ali mwana. Sasha anayang'ana zozimitsa moto zokongola mosiyana ndi wina aliyense. Sanaone kukongola kwa thambo la usiku, koma chinsinsi chobisika mu kukongola kumeneku. Monga wasayansi weniweni, adadzifunsa kuti, chifukwa chiyani zimakhala zokongola kwambiri, zimagwira ntchito bwanji, ndipo zimakhala ndi chiyani?

     Alexander atakwanitsa zaka 16, anayenera kusankha komwe angapite kukaphunzira. Palibe anzanga ndi achibale amene ankandilimbikitsa kuti ndiyambe kuimba. Nyimbo zinkaonedwa ngati ntchito yachabechabe. Sanaione ngati ntchito. Sasha panthawiyo sanakonzekere kukhala katswiri woimba.

      Chisankhocho chinagwera pa Medical-Opaleshoni Academy. Ndi chikalata chatsopano chotsimikizira "zake" kwa amalonda a gulu lachitatu, adalowa mu sukuluyi. Anaphunzira sayansi yachilengedwe: chemistry, zoology, botany, crystallography, physics, physiology, anatomy, mankhwala. M’makalasi othandiza a anatomy, analandira poizoni wakupha m’magazi kudzera pa bala laling’ono la pa chala chake! Chozizwitsa chokha chinamupulumutsa - thandizo la panthawi yake, loyenerera kwambiri la Pulofesa Besser, wogwira ntchito ku sukuluyi, yemwe anali pafupi.

      Borodin ankakonda kuphunzira. Kupyolera mu chemistry ndi physics, iye analankhulana ndi chilengedwe ndi kuvumbula zinsinsi zake.

      Sanaiwale nyimbo, ngakhale adayesa luso lake modzichepetsa kwambiri. Iye ankadziona kuti ndi katswiri pa nyimbo ndipo ankakhulupirira kuti akusewera “zauve.” Munthawi yake yopuma yophunzira, adachita bwino monga woimba. Ndinaphunzira kupeka nyimbo. Wodziwa kusewera cello.

     Monga Leonardo da Vinci, yemwe anali wojambula ndi wasayansi, monga wolemba ndakatulo ndi wasayansi Goethe, Borodin ankafuna kuphatikiza chilakolako chake cha sayansi ndi chikondi chake cha nyimbo. Anawona kulenga ndi kukongola apo ndi apo. Kugonjetsa  Atafika pachimake pa zaluso ndi sayansi, maganizo ake olimbikira analandira chisangalalo chenicheni ndipo anadalitsidwa ndi zinthu zatsopano, nzeru zatsopano.

     Borodin moseka adadzitcha "woimba Lamlungu," kutanthauza kuti anali wotanganidwa poyamba ndi kuphunzira, ndiyeno ndi ntchito, komanso kusowa nthawi ya nyimbo zomwe amakonda. Ndipo pakati pa oimba dzina lotchulidwira "Alchemist" adakhala kwa iye.

      Nthawi zina poyesa mankhwala, amaika zonse pambali. Anali otayika m’maganizo, akumabwereza m’maganizo mwake nyimbo imene inabwera mwadzidzidzi. Ndinalemba mawu oimba opambana papepala. M’zolemba zake, anathandizidwa ndi malingaliro ake abwino kwambiri ndi kukumbukira. Ntchito zinabadwira m'mutu mwake. Iye ankadziwa kumvera okhestra m’maganizo mwake.

     Mwinamwake mudzakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa chinsinsi cha luso la Alexander kuchita zinthu zambiri zothandiza komanso zofunikira zomwe anthu atatu sangathe kuchita. Choyamba, ankadziwa kuyamikira nthawi kuposa munthu wina aliyense. Anasonkhanitsidwa kwambiri, akuyang'ana pa chinthu chachikulu. Anakonza bwino lomwe ntchito yake ndi nthawi yake.

      Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, iye ankakonda ndipo ankadziwa kuchita nthabwala ndi kuseka. Anali wansangala, wansangala, wanyonga. Iye ankangoganizira nthabwala. Mwa njira, adadziwika kuti adalemba nyimbo zachipongwe (mwachitsanzo, "Kunyada" ndi ena). Kukonda nyimbo kwa Borodin sikunangochitika mwangozi. Ntchito yake inali yodziwika ndi nyimbo zamtundu wa anthu.

     Mwachilengedwe, Alexander anali wotseguka,  munthu waubwenzi. Kunyada ndi kudzikuza zinali zachilendo kwa iye. Anathandiza aliyense mosalephera. Anachita modekha ndi mosadziletsa ku mavuto amene anabuka. Anali wodekha ndi anthu. M’moyo watsiku ndi tsiku anali wodzichepetsa, wosalabadira chitonthozo chopambanitsa. Amatha kugona muzochitika zilizonse. Nthawi zambiri ndinkayiwala za chakudya.

     Ali wamkulu, anakhalabe wokhulupirika ku sayansi ndi nyimbo. Pambuyo pake, kwa zaka zambiri, kukonda nyimbo kunayamba kulamulira pang'ono.

     Alexander Porfiryevich analibe nthawi yambiri yopuma. Sikuti sanavutike ndi izi (monga momwe zingawonekere kwa okonda zosangalatsa), m'malo mwake, adapeza kukhutitsidwa kwakukulu ndi chisangalalo cha kulenga mu ntchito yobala zipatso, yozama. N’zoona kuti nthawi zina, makamaka atatsala pang’ono kukalamba, anayamba kukayikira ngati anachita bwino posaika maganizo ake pa chinthu chimodzi. Nthawi zonse ankaopa "kukhala womaliza."  Moyo pawokha unapereka yankho la kukayikira kwake.

     Anatulukira zinthu zambiri zapamwamba padziko lonse mu chemistry ndi mankhwala. Ma Encyclopedia a mayiko padziko lonse lapansi ndi mabuku apadera ofotokozera ali ndi chidziwitso chothandizira kwambiri pa sayansi. Ndipo nyimbo zake zimakhala pazigawo zolemekezeka kwambiri, zimakondweretsa odziwa nyimbo, komanso zimalimbikitsa mibadwo yatsopano ya oimba.    

      kwambiri  Ntchito ya Borodin inali opera "Prince Igor".  Iye analangizidwa kuti alembe epic ntchito Russian wopeka Mily Balakirev, wouzira ndi kulinganiza gulu la kulenga la oimba otchuka a nthawi imeneyo, lotchedwa "Wamphamvu Handful. Opera iyi inachokera pa chiwembu cha ndakatulo "Nthano ya Igor's Campaign."

      Borodin anagwira ntchito kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, koma sanathe kumaliza. Atamwalira, abwenzi okhulupirika a Alexander Porfiryevich, oimba NA Rimsky - Korsakov ndi AK Glazunov anamaliza masewerowa. Dziko linamva mbambande iyi osati chifukwa cha luso la Borodin, komanso chifukwa cha khalidwe lake lodabwitsa. Palibe amene akanathandiza kutsiriza opera ngati iye sanali munthu waubwenzi, wochezeka, wokonzeka nthaŵi zonse kuthandiza bwenzi. Anthu odzikonda, monga lamulo, sathandizidwa.

      Moyo wake wonse ankaona ngati munthu wosangalala, chifukwa ankakhala awiri  moyo wodabwitsa: woyimba ndi wasayansi. Sanadandaule konse za tsoka, chifukwa chomwe adabadwira ndikukhala ndi dzina la munthu wina, ndipo adamwalira muzovala za carnival za munthu wina pa masquerade pa chikondwerero cha Maslenitsa.

       Munthu wokhala ndi chikhumbo chosasunthika, koma ndi mzimu womvera, wovutitsidwa, adawonetsa mwa chitsanzo chake kuti aliyense wa ife amatha kuchita zozizwitsa.