Fugetta |

italo. fughetta, lit. - chifuwa chachikulu; French, English fughetta; German Fughetta, Fughetta

Zosavuta pang'ono potengera zaluso komanso zongoyerekeza, njira zopangira komanso kapangidwe kake, fugue (1).

F. nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ngati chiwalo kapena ph. (oimba ena ndi osowa: kwaya "Lokoma kuposa uchi ndi mawu okoma" kuchokera mchitidwe woyamba wa opera "The Tsar's Mkwatibwi", orchestral intermezzo ku kope loyamba la opera "Mozart ndi Salieri" ndi Rimsky-Korsakov). Monga lamulo, F. ilibe chitukuko chovuta cha muses. maganizo, kayendedwe kake kayezedwa, khalidwe nthawi zambiri limaganizira (org. Kukonzekera kwakwaya ndi J. Pachelbel), lyric-contemplative (F. d-moll Bach, BWV 1), nthawi zina scherzo (F. G-dur Bach, BWV 1). Izi zimatsimikizira maonekedwe a mitu ya F. - nthawi zambiri yaying'ono komanso yosalala (kugwiritsa ntchito nyimbo zanyimbo ndizofanana: Zitatu F. za piano pamitu yaku Russia yolembedwa ndi Rimsky-Korsakov, Prelude ya piano ndi Fugue "M'mawa wa Chilimwe pa Udzu. ” op. 899 wolemba Kabalevsky). Nthawi zambiri, nkhani F. chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa, komabe, kumvetsetsa kwa mawu akuti "F." ndi "fugue yaying'ono" monga mawu ofanana nthawi zonse sali ovomerezeka (mu c-moll fugue kuchokera ku 902 voliyumu ya Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier, miyeso ya 61; mu clavier F. No 2 mu D-dur ndi Handel, miyeso ya 28). Sizingatheke kujambula mzere womveka bwino pakati pa F., fugue ndi fugue yaing'ono (Fp. F. No 3 op. 100 ya Schumann kwenikweni ndi fugue; Fp. Fugues op. 4 ya Myaskovsky ndi ofanana ndi F.).

F. amamangidwa mu mfundo mofanana ndi ma fugues "aakulu" (onani, mwachitsanzo, kawiri F. No4 C-dur ya Handel's clavier, org. F. mpaka Pachelbel's chorale), koma nthawi zonse amakhala ang'onoang'ono. Kumanga kokwanira komanso kokhazikika kwa chiwonetserochi; gawo lomwe likutukuka la mawonekedwe limakhala laling'ono - osapitilira gulu limodzi la mawu oyamba (nthawi zambiri, olemba amawona kuti kuphatikizika kotsatizana kapena kutsanzira kukhala kokwanira: org. choral F. "Allein Gott in der Höch' sei Ehr" lolemba Bach. , BWV 677); mbali yomalizira ya mawonekedwe kaŵirikaŵiri imakhala ya umodzi. kuchita mutuwo (fp. F. mu h-moll op. 9 No3 ndi Čiurlionis). Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yovuta yotsutsana sikumachotsedwa (kanoni yopanda malire mu F. No 4 mu C-dur ndi Handel, mipiringidzo 10-15, kusinthidwa kwa mutu wa F. kuchokera ku "Polyphonic Notebook" ya piyano Shchedrin, stretta mu kukula kwa piyano F. mu d-moll yolembedwa ndi Arensky) , komabe mitundu yosavuta yotsanzira ya F. ndiyokhazikika. F. zimachitika ngati paokha. prod. (F. c-moll Bach, BWV 961), monga kusiyana (No 10 ndi 16 mu Bach's Goldberg Variations, No 24, mu Beethoven's Variations on a Waltz ndi Diabelli, F. pa mutu wa BACH wa Rimsky-Korsakov mu Paraphrases "), monga gawo la kuzungulira ("Mini Suite" kwa organ, op. 20 ndi Ledenev). Pali lingaliro lakuti F. ikhoza kukhala gawo lalikulu lathunthu (Praut, ch. X), koma muzochitika zotere, F. pafupifupi sichisiyana ndi fugato. F. nthawi zambiri amatsogolera kulowa. chidutswacho ndi chiyambi kapena zongopeka (Zongopeka ndi F. B-dur, Bach D-dur, BWV 907, 908); F. nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa kukhala zosonkhanitsira kapena zozungulira (Baxa's Preludes and Fughettas, BWV 899-902, Handel's Six Fugues for Organ or Harpsichord, op. 3, Schumann's Four Fp. F. op. 126). Pa 17 - 1st floor. Zaka za zana la 18 org. F. monga njira yosinthira nyimbo zakwaya (kawirikawiri zongolemba zolemba) zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana (J. Pachelbel, JKF Fischer, JK Bach, JG Walter). Zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri ndi za JS Bach (ena a org. F. ochokera ku gawo lachitatu la "Clavier Exercises" ndi matembenuzidwe osavuta apamanja a makwaya akuluakulu: mwachitsanzo, "Dies sind die heilgen zehn Gebot", BWV 3 ndi 678); zoyambira zazing'ono ndi fugues kwa chiwalo (BWV 679-553) ndi F. kwa clavier Bach anafuna pedagogical. zolinga. Olemba 560nd floor. Zaka za m'ma 2-18 (WF Bach, L. Beethoven, A. Reich, R. Schumann, NA Rimsky-Korsakov) adatembenukira ku F. mocheperapo; m’zaka za m’ma 19 zafala kwambiri m’maphunziro ophunzitsa ndi ophunzitsa. repertoire (SM Maykapar, AF Gedike ndi ena).

Zothandizira: Zolotarev VA, Fuga Guide to practical study, M., 1932, 1965; Dmitriev AN, Polyphony monga chinthu chojambula, L., 1962; Rrout E., Fugue, L., 1894, 1900 Onaninso lit. ku Art. Fugue.

VP Frayonov