Henri Vieuxtemps |

Henry Vieuxtemps

Vietnam. Konsati. Allegro non troppo (Jascha Heifetz) →

Ngakhale Joachim wakumbuyo ankaona Vieuxtan kukhala woyimba zeze wamkulu; Auer anagwada pamaso pa Viettan, kumuyamikira kwambiri ngati woimba komanso wolemba nyimbo. Kwa Auer, Vietang ndi Spohr anali akale a luso la violin, "chifukwa ntchito zawo, iliyonse mwa njira yakeyake, imakhala zitsanzo za masukulu osiyanasiyana amalingaliro ndi machitidwe oimba."

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi ntchito ya mbiri yakale ya Vietnam pa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha violin ku Ulaya. Anali wojambula kwambiri, wosiyanitsidwa ndi malingaliro opita patsogolo, ndipo kuyenera kwake pakulimbikitsa mosatopa kwa ntchito monga violin concerto ndi Beethoven quartet yotsiriza mu nthawi yomwe adakanidwa ngakhale ndi oimba ambiri akuluakulu ndi ofunika kwambiri.

Pachifukwa ichi, Vieuxtan ndiye adatsogola mwachindunji a Laub, Joachim, Auer, ndiye kuti, ochita masewerawa omwe adatsimikizira mfundo zenizeni zaluso la violin chapakati pazaka za zana la XNUMX.

Vietanne anabadwira m’tauni yaing’ono ya ku Belgium ya Verviers pa February 17, 1820. Bambo ake, Jean-Francois Vietain, wodziwa kupanga nsalu, ankaimba violin bwino kwambiri kwa munthu wosaphunzira, yemwe nthaŵi zambiri ankaimbidwa m’mapwando ndi m’gulu la oimba la tchalitchi; amayi a Marie-Albertine Vietain, adachokera kubanja lobadwa la Anselm - amisiri a mzinda wa Verviers.

Malinga ndi nthano ya banja, pamene Henri anali ndi zaka 2, ziribe kanthu kuti analira bwanji, amatha kutonthozedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi phokoso la violin. Atapeza luso lodziwika bwino loimba, mwanayo anayamba kuphunzira kuvina koyambirira. Maphunziro oyambirira anaphunzitsidwa kwa iye ndi atate wake, koma mwana wake mwamsanga anam’posa mwaluso. Kenako bambowo anapereka Henri kwa munthu wina wa Leclos-Dejon, katswiri woimba violin yemwe ankakhala ku Verviers. Wolemera wachifundo M. Zhenin anatenga gawo lofunda pazochitika za woimba wachinyamatayo, yemwe adavomera kulipira maphunziro a mnyamatayo ndi Leclou-Dejon. Mphunzitsiyo anasonyeza kuti anali wokhoza ndipo anathandiza mnyamatayo kudziwa bwino kuimba violin.

Mu 1826, pamene Henri anali ndi zaka 6, konsati yake yoyamba inachitika ku Verviers, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi - yachiwiri ku Liege (November 29, 1827). Chipambanocho chinali chachikulu kwambiri moti nkhani ya M. Lansber inatuluka m’nyuzipepala ya m’deralo, polemba mosirira za talente yodabwitsa ya mwanayo. Gretry Society, m’holo imene konsatiyo inachitikira, inapatsa mnyamatayo uta wopangidwa ndi F. Turt, wokhala ndi mawu akuti “Henri Vietan Gretry Society” monga mphatso. Pambuyo pa ma concert ku Verviers ndi Liege, prodigy yamwanayo idafunidwa kuti imveke likulu la Belgian. Pa January 20, 1828, Henri, pamodzi ndi abambo ake, anapita ku Brussels, kumene amakololanso zokolola. Atolankhani amayankha ku makonsati ake: "Courrier des Pays-Bas" ndi "Journal d'Anvers" mokondwera amafotokoza bwino zamasewera ake.

Malinga ndi mafotokozedwe a olemba mbiri, Viettan anakulira monga mwana wansangala. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro a nyimbo anali ovuta kwambiri, iye ankakonda kuchita masewera a ana ndi zopusa. Nthawi yomweyo, nyimbo nthawi zina zidapambana ngakhale pano. Tsiku lina, Henri anaona tambala wa chidole pawindo lasitolo ndipo anachilandira ngati mphatso. Pobwerera kunyumba, mwadzidzidzi adasowa ndipo adawonekera pamaso pa akuluakulu maola atatu pambuyo pake ndi pepala - iyi inali "opus" yake yoyamba - "Nyimbo ya Cockerel".

Pa kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la Viet Tang m'munda luso, makolo ake anakumana ndi mavuto aakulu azachuma. Pa September 4, 1822, mtsikana wotchedwa Barbara anabadwa, ndipo July 5, 1828, mnyamata Jean-Joseph-Lucien. Panali ana ena awiri - Isidore ndi Maria, koma anamwalira. Komabe, ngakhale ndi ena onse, banjali linali ndi anthu asanu. Choncho, pamene, pambuyo Brussels chigonjetso, bambo ake anapatsidwa kutenga Henri ku Holland, iye analibe ndalama zokwanira. Ndinayenera kubwereranso ku Zhenen kuti andithandize. Woyang'anirayo sanakane, ndipo bambo ndi mwana wake anapita ku The Hague, Rotterdam ndi Amsterdam.

Ku Amsterdam, anakumana ndi Charles Berio. Atamva Henri, Berio adakondwera ndi talente ya mwanayo ndipo adapempha kuti amupatse maphunziro omwe banja lonse linayenera kusamukira ku Brussels. Zosavuta kunena! Kusamuka kumafuna ndalama ndi chiyembekezo chopeza ntchito yodyetsa banja. Makolo Henri anazengereza kwa nthawi yaitali, koma chikhumbo chopatsa mwana wawo maphunziro kuchokera kwa mphunzitsi wodabwitsa monga Berio anapambana. Kusamuka kunachitika mu 1829.

Henri anali wophunzira wakhama ndi woyamikira, ndipo analambira mphunzitsiyo kotero kuti anayamba kuyesa kumutengera iye. Clever Berio sanakonde izi. Ananyansidwa ndi epigonism ndipo adateteza mwansanje kudziyimira pawokha pakupanga luso la woimbayo. Chifukwa chake, mwa wophunzirayo, adakulitsa umunthu wake, kumuteteza ngakhale ku chikoka chake. Poona kuti mawu ake onse amakhala lamulo kwa Henri, akumudzudzula monyoza kuti: “Tsoka, ngati ukanditengera choncho, udzakhalabe Berio wamng’ono, koma uyenera kukhala wekha.”

Kudera nkhawa kwa Berio pa wophunzirayo kumafikira pa chilichonse. Pozindikira kuti banja la Vietan likusowa, akufunafuna ndalama zapachaka za 300 florins kuchokera kwa Mfumu ya Belgium.

Patapita miyezi ingapo ya makalasi, kale mu 1829, Berio anali kutenga Vietana ku Paris. Mphunzitsi ndi wophunzira amachitira limodzi. Oimba aakulu kwambiri a ku Paris anayamba kulankhula za Viettan kuti: “Mwana ameneyu,” Fetis analemba motero, “ali ndi kulimba mtima, chidaliro ndi chiyero, chodabwitsa kwambiri pa msinkhu wake; iye anabadwa kukhala woimba.”

Mu 1830, Berio ndi Malibran ananyamuka kupita ku Italy. Viet Tang amakhalabe wopanda mphunzitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zakusintha kwazaka zimenezo zidayimitsa kwakanthawi ntchito ya konsati ya Henri. Amakhala ku Brussels, komwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi misonkhano yake ndi Mademoiselle Rage, woimba wanzeru yemwe amamudziwitsa za ntchito za Haydn, Mozart, ndi Beethoven. Ndi iye amene amathandizira kubadwa ku Vietnam kwa chikondi chosatha cha classics, kwa Beethoven. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Vietang anayamba kuphunzira nyimbo, kupanga Concerto ya Violin ndi Orchestra ndi zosiyana zambiri. Tsoka ilo, zochitika zake za ophunzira sizinasungidwe.

Masewera a Vieuxtaine anali kale angwiro kwambiri panthawiyo kuti Berio, asanachoke, akulangiza abambo ake kuti asapereke Henri kwa mphunzitsi ndikumusiya yekha kuti awonetsere ndikumvetsera masewera a akatswiri ojambula kwambiri momwe angathere.

Pomaliza, Berio kamodzinso anakwanitsa kupeza 600 franc mfumu Viettan, amene analola woimba wamng'ono kupita ku Germany. Ku Germany, Vietang anamvetsera kwa Spohr, yemwe anafika pagulu lodziwika bwino, komanso Molik ndi Maiseder. Pamene atatewo anafunsa Mayseder mmene amapezera kumasulira kwa ntchito zochitidwa ndi mwana wake wamwamuna, iye anayankha kuti: “Iye samazisewera mwanjira yanga, koma bwino kwambiri, kotero kuti kungakhale kowopsa kusintha chirichonse.”

Ku Germany, Vieuxtan amakonda kwambiri ndakatulo za Goethe; apa, chikondi chake cha nyimbo za Beethoven chimalimbikitsidwa mwa iye. Atamva mawu akuti “Fidelio” ku Frankfurt, anadabwa kwambiri. “N’kosatheka kupereka lingaliro,” iye analemba motero pambuyo pake m’mbiri yake ya moyo, “kuti nyimbo zosayerekezeka zimenezi zinali nazo pamoyo wanga ndili mnyamata wazaka 13 zakubadwa.” Amadabwa kuti Rudolf Kreutzer sanamvetsetse sonata yoperekedwa kwa iye ndi Beethoven: "...watsoka, wojambula wamkulu chotere, woyimba violini wodabwitsa monga momwe analili, akadayenera kuchoka ku Paris kupita ku Vienna pa mawondo ake kuti akawone Mulungu. , mubwezereni ndi kufa!”

Chifukwa chake zidapangidwa luso laukadaulo la Vietanne, lomwe lidapangitsa pamaso pa Laub ndi Joachim kukhala otanthauzira kwambiri nyimbo za Beethoven.

Ku Vienna, Vietanne amapita ku maphunziro a nyimbo ndi Simon Zechter ndipo amalumikizana kwambiri ndi gulu la okonda Beethoven - Czerny, Merck, director of the Conservatory Eduard Lannoy, Wolemba Weigl, wofalitsa nyimbo Dominik Artaria. Ku Vienna, kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyambira imfa ya Beethoven, Beethoven's Violin Concerto inachitidwa ndi Vietent. Oimba oimba ankayendetsedwa ndi Lannoy. Pambuyo pa madzulo amenewo, iye anatumiza kalata yotsatirayi kwa Vietang: “Chonde landirani zikondwerero zanga m’njira yatsopano, yoyambilira komanso panthaŵi imodzimodziyo yachikale kwambiri imene munaimba nayo Konsati ya Violin ya Beethoven dzulo mu Concert yauzimu. Mwamvetsa tanthauzo la ntchito imeneyi, mwaluso wa m’modzi wa ambuye athu aakulu. Ubwino wa mawu omwe mudapereka ku cantabile, moyo womwe mudayika mukuchita kwa Andante, kukhulupirika ndi kulimba komwe mudasewera ndime zovuta kwambiri zomwe zidasokoneza chidutswa ichi, chilichonse chidalankhula za talente yapamwamba, zonse zidawonetsedwa. kuti anali adakali wamng'ono, pafupifupi kukhudzana ndi ubwana , ndinu wojambula kwambiri amene amayamikira zimene mumasewera, akhoza kupereka mtundu uliwonse mawu ake, ndipo amapita kupyola chikhumbo chodabwitsa omvera ndi zovuta. Mumaphatikiza kulimba kwa uta, kuphedwa mwanzeru kwa zovuta zazikulu kwambiri, moyo, wopanda luso lomwe lilibe mphamvu, ndi kulingalira komwe kumamvetsetsa lingaliro la wolembayo, ndi kukoma kokongola komwe kumapangitsa wojambulayo kuti asasokoneze malingaliro ake. Kalata iyi idalembedwa pa Marichi 17, 1834, Viet Tang ali ndi zaka 14 zokha!

Komanso - kupambana kwatsopano. Pambuyo pa Prague ndi Dresden - Leipzig, kumene Schumann amamumvetsera, ndiye - London, kumene amakumana ndi Paganini. Schumann anayerekezera kusewera kwake ndi kuja kwa Paganini ndipo anamaliza nkhani yake ndi mawu otsatirawa: “Kuyambira pa liwu loyamba mpaka lomalizira limene amatulutsa kuchokera ku chida chake, Vietanne amakusungani m’bwalo lamatsenga, lotsekedwa mokuzungulirani kuti musapeze chiyambi chilichonse. kapena kutha.” “Mnyamata ameneyu adzakhala munthu wamkulu,” anatero Paganini ponena za iye.

Kupambana kumayendera Viettan m'moyo wake wonse waluso. Amasambitsidwa ndi maluwa, ndakatulo zimaperekedwa kwa iye, amapembedzedwa kwenikweni. Milandu yambiri yoseketsa imalumikizidwa ndi maulendo a konsati ku Viet Tang. Atafika ku Giera anakumana ndi kuzizira kwachilendo. Zikuoneka kuti patangopita nthawi pang'ono kufika ku Viettan, wothamanga anaonekera mu Giera, anadzitcha yekha Vietan, lendi chipinda mu hotelo yabwino kwa masiku asanu ndi atatu, anakwera yacht, ankakhala popanda kukana chilichonse, ndiye, kuitana okonda hotelo ". kuti awone zomwe zidasonkhanitsidwa zida zake", adathawa, "kuyiwala" kulipira ngongoleyo.

Mu 1835-1836 Vieuxtan ankakhala mu Paris, intensively chinkhoswe zikuchokera motsogoleredwa ndi Reich. Pamene anali ndi zaka 17, anapeka nyimbo ya Second Violin Concerto (fis-moll), yomwe inali yopambana kwambiri ndi anthu.

Mu 1837, anapanga ulendo wake woyamba ku Russia, koma anafika ku St. Zolankhula zake sizinamveke. Russia anachita chidwi naye. Kubwerera ku Brussels, anayamba kukonzekera bwino ulendo wachiwiri ku dziko lathu. Ali panjira yopita ku St. Petersburg, anadwala ndipo anakhala miyezi itatu ku Narva. Makonsati ku St. Petersburg nthawi ino anali opambana. Zinachitika pa March 23, 8 ndi April 3 (OS), 15. V. Odoevsky analemba za ma concerts awa.

Kwa nyengo ziwiri zotsatira, Viettan amaperekanso makonsati ku St. Panthawi ya matenda ake ku Narva, "Fantasy-Caprice" ndi Concerto mu E yaikulu, yomwe tsopano imadziwika kuti First Concerto Vietana ya violin ndi orchestra, idapangidwa. Ntchito izi, makamaka concerto, ndi zina mwazofunikira kwambiri panthawi yoyamba ya ntchito ya Vieuxtan. "Kuyambira" kwawo kunachitika ku St. Petersburg pa March 4/10, 1840, ndipo pamene anachitidwa ku Brussels mu July, Berio wokondwa anakwera pa siteji ndikukankhira wophunzira wake pachifuwa chake. Bayot ndi Berlioz analandira konsati ku Paris mu 1841 ndi chidwi chocheperako.

Berlioz analemba kuti: “Concerto yake mu nyimbo yaikulu ya E ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri, yodzaza ndi mfundo zosangalatsa kwambiri m’mbali zonse za oimba ndi oimba, yoimbidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Palibe munthu m'modzi wa gulu la oimba, wosadziŵika kwambiri, amene amaiwala m'gulu lake; anapangitsa aliyense kunena chinachake "zokometsera". Anapindula kwambiri mu gawo la violin, logawidwa m'magawo 3-4 ndi viola mu bass, akusewera tremolo ndikutsagana ndi solo yotsogolera. Ndi kulandiridwa kwatsopano, kokongola. Mfumukazi-violin imayenda pamwamba pa okhestra yaing'ono yonjenjemera ndikukupangitsani kulota mokoma, pamene mukulota usiku wopanda phokoso m'mphepete mwa nyanjayo:

Pamene mwezi wotumbululuka Uwulula mu funde Wokonda siliva wanu .. "

M'kati mwa 1841, Vieuxtan ndiye protagonist wa zikondwerero zonse za nyimbo za ku Paris. Wosema Dantier amamuwombera, impresario imamupatsa mapangano opindulitsa kwambiri. Pazaka zotsatira, Viettan amathera moyo wake panjira: Holland, Austria, Germany, USA ndi Canada, Europe kachiwiri, etc. Iye amasankhidwa membala wolemekezeka wa Belgian Academy of Arts pamodzi ndi Berio (Vietan ndi zaka 25 zokha. kale!).

Chaka chapitacho, mu 1844, kusintha kwakukulu kunachitika m'moyo wa Vieuxtan - anakwatira woyimba piyano Josephine Eder. Josephine, mbadwa ya Vienna, mayi wophunzira amene ankadziwa bwino German, French, English, Latin. Anali woyimba piyano wabwino kwambiri, ndipo kuyambira pomwe adakwatirana, adakhala wothandizirana ndi Viet-Gang. Moyo wawo wakhala wosangalala. Viettan analambira mkazi wake, amene anamuyankha monyanyira.

Mu 1846, Vieuxtan anaitanidwa ku St. Choncho anayamba nthawi yaikulu ya moyo wake mu Russia. Anakhala ku Petersburg mpaka 1852. Wamng'ono, wodzala ndi mphamvu, amakhala ndi moyo wokangalika - amapereka ma concerts, amaphunzitsa m'makalasi opangira masewera a Theatre School, amasewera mu quartets ya St. Petersburg music salons.

“The Counts of Vielgorsky,” akulemba motero Lenz, “anakopa Viettan ku St. yemwe, pokhala katswiri wabwino, wokonzeka nthawi zonse kusewera chirichonse - ma quartets otsiriza a Haydn ndi Beethoven, anali odziimira pawokha komanso omasuka kwa nyimbo za quartet. Inali nthaŵi yosangalatsa kwambiri pamene, kwa miyezi ingapo yachisanu, m’nyumba ya Count Stroganov, yemwe anali pafupi kwambiri ndi Viet Temps, munthu ankakhoza kumvetsera ma quartet katatu pamlungu.

Odoevsky anasiya kufotokoza za konsati ina ya Vietanne ndi woimba nyimbo waku Belgian Servais ku Counts of Vielgorsky: “… nyimbo komanso; alendo awiri kapena atatu. Kenako ojambula athu otchuka adayamba kukumbukira zolemba zawo zolembedwa popanda kutsagana. Anaikidwa kumbuyo kwa holo, zitseko zinatsekedwa kwa alendo ena onse; Kunakhala chete bata pakati pa omvera ochepa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti musangalale mwaluso ... Ojambula athu adakumbukira Fantasia yawo ya Meyerbeer's opera Les Huguenots ... za mawu, potsirizira pake, mphamvu zodabwitsa ndi kulondola kwa amisiri onse aŵiriwo m’mawu ovuta kwambiri kunatulutsa chithumwa changwiro; maso athu adadutsa opera yodabwitsayi ndi mithunzi yake yonse; tinkasiyanitsa bwino lomwe kuimba momveka bwino ndi mphepo yamkuntho yomwe inabuka m'gulu la oimba; apa pali phokoso lachikondi, apa pali nyimbo zolimba za nyimbo za Lutheran, apa pali kulira kwachisoni, koopsa kwa otengeka, apa pali nyimbo zachisangalalo zaphokoso. malingaliro adatsata zokumbukira zonsezi ndikuzisintha kukhala zenizeni.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba ku St. Petersburg, Vietang anakonza madzulo a quartet. Iwo anatenga mawonekedwe a makonsati olembetsa ndipo anaperekedwa m’nyumba ya sukulu kuseri kwa German Peter-kirche pa Nevsky Prospekt. Zotsatira za ntchito yake pedagogical - ophunzira Russian - Prince Nikolai Yusupov, Valkov, Pozansky ndi ena.

Vietang sanaganize n’komwe zosiyanitsidwa ndi dziko la Russia, koma m’chilimwe cha 1852, pamene anali ku Paris, matenda a mkazi wake anam’kakamiza kusiya pangano lake ndi St. Iye anapita ku Russia kachiwiri mu 1860, koma monga woimba konsati.

Ku St. Petersburg, adalemba nyimbo zake zokonda kwambiri komanso zoimba nyimbo za Fourth Concerto mu D zazing'ono. Zachilendo za mawonekedwe ake zinali kotero kuti Vieuxtan sanayerekeze kusewera pagulu kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo adachita ku Paris kokha mu 1851. Kupambana kunali kwakukulu. Wolemba nyimbo wa ku Austria ndi theorist Arnold Schering, yemwe ntchito zake zikuphatikizapo History of the Instrumental Concerto, ngakhale kuti anali ndi maganizo okayikira nyimbo za zida za ku France, amazindikiranso kufunikira kwatsopano kwa ntchitoyi: pafupi ndi List. Chifukwa chomwe adapereka pambuyo pa concerto yake "yachibwana" mu fis-moll (No. 2) ili m'gulu la nyimbo zamtengo wapatali kwambiri m'mabuku a violin achi Romanesque. Gawo loyamba lamphamvu la konsati yake ya E-dur limapitilira Baio ndi Berio. Mu concerto ya d-moll, tili ndi ntchito yokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa mtundu uwu. Mosakayikira, wolembayo anaganiza zoisindikiza. Anachita mantha kudzutsa ziwonetsero ndi mawonekedwe atsopano a konsati yake. Panthaŵi imene ma concerto a Liszt anali asanadziŵikebe, konsati ya Vieuxtan imeneyi, mwinamwake, ikanadzutsa chitsutso. Chifukwa chake, monga wolemba nyimbo, Vietang mwanjira ina anali woyambitsa.

Atachoka ku Russia, moyo woyendayenda unayambanso. Mu 1860, Vietang anapita ku Sweden, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko kupita ku Baden-Baden, kumene anayamba kulemba Fifth Concerto, cholinga cha mpikisano womwe unachitikira ndi Huber Leonard ku Brussels Conservatory. Leonard, atalandira concerto, adayankha ndi kalata (April 10, 1861), momwe adayamika Vieuxtan mwachikondi, akukhulupirira kuti, kupatulapo Adagio wa Third Concerto, Wachisanu adawoneka bwino kwambiri. "Grétry wathu wakale angakhale wokondwa kuti nyimbo yake ya 'Lucille' yavala mwapamwamba kwambiri." Fetis anatumiza kalata yosangalatsa yokhudza konsatiyi ku Viettan, ndipo Berlioz anafalitsa nkhani yaikulu mu Journal de Debas.

Mu 1868, Viet Tang anamva chisoni chachikulu - imfa ya mkazi wake, yemwe anamwalira ndi kolera. Kutayako kudamudabwitsa. Anayenda maulendo ataliatali kuti aiwale. Panthawiyi, inali nthawi yakukwera kwambiri kwa chitukuko chake chaluso. Kusewera kwake kumakhudza kukwanira, umuna ndi kudzoza. Kuvutika maganizo kunkaoneka kuti kumamuthandiza kwambiri.

Mmene Viettan analili panthaŵiyo tingaonedwe m’kalata imene anatumiza kwa N. Yusupov pa December 15, 1871. “Nthaŵi zambiri ndimaganizira za iwe kalonga wokondedwa, za mkazi wako, za nthaŵi zosangalatsa zimene umakhala nawe kapena limodzi. m'mabanki okongola a Moika kapena ku Paris, Ostend ndi Vienna. Inali nthawi yosangalatsa kwambiri, ndinali wamng'ono, ndipo ngakhale ichi sichinali chiyambi cha moyo wanga, koma mulimonsemo chinali tsiku lopambana la moyo wanga; nthawi ya pachimake chonse. M'mawu amodzi, ndinali wokondwa, ndipo kukumbukira inu nthawi zonse kumalumikizidwa ndi mphindi zosangalatsa izi. Ndipo tsopano kukhalapo kwanga kulibe mtundu. Yomwe anaikongoletsa yapita, ndipo ndimamera, ndikuyendayenda padziko lonse lapansi, koma malingaliro anga ali tsidya lina. Ndikuthokoza kumwamba, komabe, ndimasangalala ndi ana anga. Mwana wanga wamwamuna ndi injiniya ndipo ntchito yake imafotokozedwa bwino. Mwana wanga wamkazi amakhala ndi ine, ali ndi mtima wokongola, ndipo akuyembekezera munthu amene angayamikire. Ndizo zonse zanga. Ponena za moyo wanga waluso, udakali momwemonso - woyendayenda, wosalongosoka ... tsopano ndine pulofesa ku Brussels Conservatory. Zimasintha moyo wanga komanso ntchito yanga. Kuchokera pachikondi, ndimasintha kukhala woyenda, kukhala kavalo wogwirira ntchito mogwirizana ndi malamulo a tirer et pousser.

Ntchito yophunzitsa Viettan ku Brussels, yomwe idayamba mu 1870, idakula bwino (ndikokwanira kunena kuti woyimba zeze Eugene Ysaye adasiya kalasi yake). Mwadzidzidzi, tsoka latsopano lowopsa linagwera Viet Tang - kugunda kwamanjenje kunapuwala dzanja lake lamanja. Khama lonse la madokotala kuti abwezeretse kuyenda kwa dzanja silinabweretse chirichonse. Kwa nthawi ndithu, Viettan ankayesetsabe kuphunzitsa, koma matendawa anakula, ndipo mu 1879 anakakamizika kusiya sukulu.

Vietanne anakhazikika pa malo ake pafupi ndi Algiers; wazunguliridwa ndi chisamaliro cha mwana wake wamkazi ndi mwana wake wamwamuna, oimba ambiri amabwera kwa iye, amagwira ntchito molimbika pa nyimbo, kuyesera kuti athetsedwe ndi luso lake lokonda kwambiri ndi luso lake. Komabe, mphamvu zake zikuchepa. Pa August 18, 1880, iye analembera bwenzi lake mmodzi kuti: “Pano pa chiyambi cha masika ano, kupanda pake kwa ziyembekezo zanga kunawonekera kwa ine. Ndimamera, ndimadya ndi kumwa pafupipafupi, ndipo, zoona, mutu wanga udakali wowala, malingaliro anga amamveka bwino, koma ndimamva kuti mphamvu zanga zikucheperachepera tsiku lililonse. Miyendo yanga ndi yofooka kwambiri, mawondo anga akunjenjemera, ndipo movutikira kwambiri, bwenzi langa, ndikhoza kupanga ulendo umodzi wa munda, ndikutsamira mbali imodzi pa dzanja lamphamvu, ndi lina pa chibonga changa.

Pa June 6, 1881, Viet-Gang anamwalira. Thupi lake linatengedwa kupita ku Verviers ndipo linaikidwa kumeneko ndi gulu lalikulu la anthu.

Viet Tang idapangidwa ndikuyamba ntchito yake mu 30-40s. Kupyolera mu maphunziro a Lecloux-Dejon ndi Berio, adalumikizana kwambiri ndi miyambo ya sukulu ya violin ya ku France ya Viotti-Bayo-Rode, koma nthawi yomweyo adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi luso lachikondi. Sichinthu chachilendo kukumbukira chikoka chachindunji cha Berio ndipo, potsiriza, ndizosatheka kutsindika mfundo yakuti Vieuxtan anali Beethovenian wokonda kwambiri. Choncho, mfundo zake zaluso zinapangidwa chifukwa cha kutengeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongola.

“M’mbuyomo, wophunzira wa ku Berio, komabe, sali wa kusukulu kwake, iye sali ngati woimbira zeze aliyense amene tinamvapo kale,” iwo analemba motero ponena za Vieuxtan pambuyo pa makonsati ku London mu 1841. Ngati tikanakhoza kugula zoimba kuyerekeza, tinganene kuti iye ndi Beethoven wa oimba violin onse otchuka.

V. Odoevsky, atamvetsera ku Viettan mu 1838, adanena (ndipo molondola kwambiri!) miyambo ya Viotti mu Concerto Yoyamba yomwe adayimba: "Concerto yake, yomwe imakumbutsa za banja lokongola la Viotti, koma idatsitsimutsidwa ndi kusintha kwatsopano kwa masewerawo, anayenera kuwomba m'manja mwamphamvu. Mu kachitidwe ka Vietanne, mfundo za sukulu yapamwamba ya ku France zinkamenyana nthawi zonse ndi zachikondi. V. Odoevsky mwachindunji anachitcha "njira yosangalatsa pakati pa classicism ndi romanticism."

Vietang mosakayikira ndi wachikondi pakufuna kwake kukongola kokongola, komanso ndi wotsogola pamaseweredwe ake achimuna, chifukwa chake amatsitsa kumverera. Izi zinatsimikiziridwa momveka bwino, ndipo ngakhale ndi Viettan wachichepere, kuti, atamvetsera masewera ake, Odoevsky analimbikitsa kuti ayambe kukondana: "Nthabwala pambali - masewera ake amawoneka ngati fano lakale lopangidwa mokongola ndi maonekedwe okongola, ozungulira; ndiwokongola, amakopa maso a wojambula, koma nonse simungafananize ziboliboli ndi zokongola, koma moyo mkazi. Mawu a Odoevsky amachitira umboni kuti Viettan adapeza mawonekedwe othamangitsidwa amtundu wa nyimbo pamene adachita izi kapena ntchitoyo, zomwe zinayambitsa chiyanjano ndi fanolo.

"Vietanne," akulemba wotsutsa wa ku France P. Scudo, "akhoza kukhala osakayikira kuikidwa m'gulu la virtuosos a udindo woyamba ... Uyu ndi violinist woopsa, wa sitayilo ya grandiose, sonority wamphamvu ...". Momwe iye analiri pafupi ndi classicism zimatsimikiziridwanso ndi mfundo yakuti, pamaso pa Laub ndi Joachim, ankawoneka ngati womasulira wosapambana wa nyimbo za Beethoven. Ziribe kanthu momwe adaperekera ulemu ku chikondi, chenicheni cha chikhalidwe chake monga woimba chinali kutali ndi chikondi; iye anayandikira zachikondi m'malo mwake, monga ndi kachitidwe "kafashoni". Koma chodziwika bwino n’chakuti sanagwirizane ndi zachikondi za m’nthawi yake. Anali ndi kusiyana kwamkati ndi nthawi, zomwe, mwinamwake, zinali chifukwa cha kuwirikiza kodziwika bwino kwa zokhumba zake zokongola, zomwe zinamupangitsa iye, mosasamala kanthu za chilengedwe chake, kulemekeza Beethoven, ndi Beethoven ndendende zomwe zinali kutali ndi okondana.

Vietang adalemba ma concerto 7 a violin ndi cello, zongopeka zambiri, ma sonata, ma quartets, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta makonsati, chidutswa cha salon, ndi zina zambiri. Zambiri mwazolemba zake ndizofanana ndi zolemba zachikondi za virtuoso mzaka zoyambirira za zana la XNUMX. Vietang amapereka ulemu ku ukoma wanzeru ndipo amayesetsa kukhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a konsati pantchito yake yolenga. Auer analemba kuti ma concerto ake "ndi nyimbo zake za bravura zimakhala ndi malingaliro omveka bwino a nyimbo, panthawi imodzimodziyo ndi quintessence ya nyimbo za virtuoso."

Koma kukongola kwa ntchito za Vietanne sikuli kofanana kulikonse: mu kukongola kosalimba kwa Fantasy-Caprice, amakumbutsa zambiri za Berio, mu Concerto Yoyamba amatsatira Viotti, komabe, akukankhira malire a khalidwe labwino lachikale ndikukonzekera ntchito iyi. zida zokongola zachikondi. Yachikondi kwambiri ndi Fourth Concerto, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi sewero lamphamvu komanso lamasewera la cadenzas, pomwe mawu omveka ali pafupi kwambiri ndi nyimbo za Gounod-Halévy. Ndiyeno pali zidutswa zosiyanasiyana za konsati ya virtuoso - "Reverie", Fantasia Appassionata, "Ballad ndi Polonaise", "Tarantella", ndi zina zotero.

Anthu a m’nthawi yake ankayamikira kwambiri ntchito yake. Tanena kale ndemanga za Schumann, Berlioz ndi oimba ena. Ndipo ngakhale lero, osatchulanso maphunziro, omwe ali ndi masewero ndi ma concert a Viet Temps, Concerto yake yachinayi imachitidwa nthawi zonse ndi Heifetz, kutsimikizira kuti ngakhale tsopano nyimboyi imakhalabe yamoyo komanso yosangalatsa.

L. Raaben, 1967