Melodeclamation |

kuchokera ku Greek melos - nyimbo, nyimbo ndi lat. kulengeza - kulengeza

Kuphatikizika kwa matchulidwe omveka a mawu (ch. arr. ndakatulo) ndi nyimbo, komanso ntchito zozikidwa pazophatikiza zotere. M. anapeza ntchito kale mu Antich. sewero, komanso “sewero la kusukulu” la Middle Ages. Europe. M'zaka za zana la 18 zidawoneka. proizv., kwathunthu zochokera M. ndi kuyitana. melodramas. M'nthawi yotsatira, M. ankagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'masewero opangira opaleshoni (zochitika m'ndende kuchokera ku Fidelio, zochitika ku Wolf Gorge kuchokera ku The Free Shooter), komanso m'masewero. masewero (nyimbo za L. Beethoven mpaka Goethe's Egmont). Kuchokera ku con. M'zaka za zana la 18 Mothandizidwa ndi melodrama, mtundu wa nyimbo zodziyimira pawokha za dongosolo la konsati (m'Chijeremani lotchedwa Melodram, mosiyana ndi gawo la nyimbo, lotchedwa Melodrama), monga lamulo, limapangidwa kuti liwerenge (kubwereza) limodzi ndi nyimbo. woimba piyano, nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi oimba. Kwa M. wotere, nthawi zambiri zolemba za ballad zimasankhidwa. Zitsanzo zoyambirira za M. zotere ndi za IR Zumshteg ("Chikondwerero cha Spring", kwa owerenga ndi orc., 1777, "Tamira", 1788). Pambuyo pake, M. adalengedwa ndi F. Schubert ("Farewell to the Earth", 1825), R. Schumann (2 ballads, op. 122, 1852), F. Liszt ("Lenora", 1858, "The Sad Monk" , 1860, "Blind woimba", 1875), R. Strauss ("Enoch Arden", op. 38, 1897), M. Schillings ("Nyimbo ya Afiti", op. 15, 1904) ndi ena.

Ku Russia, nyimbo ngati konsati ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala yotchuka kuyambira 70s. Zaka za zana la 19; pakati pa olemba Russian. M. – GA Lishin, EB Vilbushevich. Pambuyo pake, AS Arensky (ndakatulo mu prose ndi IS Turgenev, 1903) ndi AA Spondiarov (monologue ya Sonia kuchokera ku sewero la AP Chekhov Amalume Vanya, 1910) adalemba zida zingapo zoimbira owerenga ndi gulu la oimba. Mu nthawi ya akadzidzi M. idagwiritsidwa ntchito mu oratorio yophatikiza "Njira ya Okutobala" (1927), munthano ya owerenga ndi symphony. okestra "Peter ndi Wolf" ndi Prokofiev (1936).

M'zaka za zana la 19 chida chapadera chidawuka, chomwe, mothandizidwa ndi zolemba zanyimbo, kamvekedwe ka mawu amakhazikika bwino (Weber's Preciosa, 1821; nyimbo za Milhaud za Oresteia, 1916). Kupititsa patsogolo kwa mtundu uwu wa M., komwe kunabweretsa kufupi ndi kubwereza, kunali kotchedwa. melodrama yofananira (German gebundene Melodram), momwe, mothandizidwa ndi zizindikiro zapadera (m'malo mwa , m'malo mwa, etc.), osati nyimbo yokhayo yomwe imakhazikika, komanso kumveka kwa mawu ("Ana a Mfumu). ” lolemba Humperdinck, 1st edition 1897). Ndi Schoenberg, "melodrama yolumikizidwa" imatenga mawonekedwe otchedwa. kuyimba pakamwa, izo. Sprechgesang ("Lunar Pierrot", 1912). Pambuyo pake, mitundu yapakatikati ya M. idawonekera, momwe kamvekedwe kake kamawonetsedwa bwino, ndipo mamvekedwe a mawuwo amawonetsedwa pafupifupi ("Ode to Napoleon" lolemba Schoenberg, 1942). Diff. mitundu ya M. m'zaka za zana la 20. adagwiritsanso ntchito Vl. Vogel, P. Boulez, L. Nono ndi ena).

Zothandizira: Volkov-Davydov SD, Chitsogozo chachidule cha melodeclamation (chochitika choyamba), M., 1903; Glumov AN, Pa nyimbo za kuyimba kwa mawu, mu: Mafunso a Musicology, vol. 2, M., 1956.