Andrey Gavrilov |

Andrei Gavrilov

Andrei Vladimirovich Gavrilov anabadwa September 21, 1955 ku Moscow. Bambo ake anali wojambula wotchuka; mayi - woyimba piyano, yemwe adaphunzira nthawi ina ndi GG Neuhaus. "Ndinaphunzitsidwa nyimbo kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 4," akutero Gavrilov. "Koma zambiri, monga ndikukumbukira, muubwana wanga zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ine kusokoneza mapensulo ndi utoto. Kodi sizodabwitsa: Ndinkalakalaka ndidzakhala wojambula, mchimwene wanga - woyimba. Ndipo zidakhala zosiyana. ”…

Kuyambira 1960, Gavrilov amaphunzira ku Central Music School. Kuyambira pano mpaka zaka zambiri, TE Kestner (yemwe anaphunzitsa N. Petrov ndi oimba piyano angapo otchuka) amakhala mphunzitsi wake mu luso lake lapadera. Gavrilov akupitiriza kukumbukira kuti: "Pamenepo, kusukulu, chikondi chenicheni cha limba chinabwera kwa ine. "Tatyana Evgenievna, woimba wa talente yosowa komanso zokumana nazo, adandiphunzitsa maphunziro otsimikizika ophunzitsidwa bwino. M'kalasi mwake, nthawi zonse ankamvetsera kwambiri mapangidwe a luso ndi luso la oimba piyano m'tsogolo. Kwa ine, kwa ena, zakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri m’kupita kwa nthaŵi. Ngati ndinalibe vuto lililonse ndi “njira” pambuyo pake, zikomo, choyamba, kwa aphunzitsi anga akusukulu. Ndikukumbukira kuti Tatyana Evgenievna anachita zambiri kuti andilimbikitse kukonda nyimbo za Bach ndi ambuye ena akale; izi nazonso sizinali zosadziwika. Ndipo momwe Tatiana Evgenievna adalemba mwaluso komanso molondola buku la maphunziro ndi maphunziro! Ntchito iliyonse m'mapulogalamu omwe adasankha idakhala yofanana, pafupifupi yokhayo yomwe idafunikira panthawiyi kuti akulitse wophunzira wake ... "

Ndili mu kalasi ya 9 ya Central Music School, Gavrilov anapita ulendo wake woyamba wakunja, akuchita Yugoslavia pa chikondwerero cha chikumbutso cha sukulu ya nyimbo ya Belgrade "Stankovic". M'chaka chomwecho, adaitanidwa kutenga nawo mbali mu madzulo a symphony a Gorky Philharmonic; adayimba Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto ku Gorky ndipo, kuweruza ndi maumboni omwe adatsalira, bwinobwino.

Kuyambira 1973, Gavrilov wakhala wophunzira ku Moscow State Conservatory. Mlangizi wake watsopano ndi Pulofesa LN Naumov. Gavrilov anati: “Maphunziro a Lev Nikolayevich anasintha m’njira zambiri zosiyana ndi zimene ndinazolowera m’kalasi la Tatyana Evgenievna. "Pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, okhazikika, nthawi zina, mwinanso ovuta. Zachidziwikire, izi zidandisangalatsa kwambiri ... "Panthawiyi, chithunzi chopanga cha wojambula wachinyamata chimapangidwa mwamphamvu. Ndipo, monga momwe zimakhalira paunyamata wake, pamodzi ndi ubwino wosatsutsika, wowonekera bwino, nthawi zina zotsutsana, zosagwirizana, zimamvekanso mu masewera ake - zomwe zimatchedwa "ndalama za kukula". Nthawi zina ku Gavrilov woimbayo, "chiwawa cha chiwawa" chimawonekera - monga momwe iye mwiniyo amafotokozera katundu wake; Nthawi zina, mawu odzudzula amaperekedwa kwa iye ponena za kukokomeza kwa kupanga nyimbo zake, maliseche mopambanitsa maganizo, makhalidwe apamwamba kwambiri. Pa zonsezi, komabe, palibe "otsutsa" ake olenga amene amakana kuti ali wokhoza kwambiri kukopa, kuyaka omvera - koma kodi ichi si chizindikiro choyamba komanso chachikulu cha luso laluso?

Mu 1974, wachinyamata wazaka 18 adachita nawo mpikisano wachisanu wa International Tchaikovsky. Ndipo amapeza kupambana kwakukulu, kopambana kwambiri - mphoto yoyamba. Mwa mayankho ambiri pamwambowu, ndizosangalatsa kunena mawu a EV Malinin. Pokhala paudindo wa dipatimenti ya limba ya limba ya Conservatory, Malinin ankamudziwa bwino Gavrilov - pluses ndi minuses, zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kulenga. Iye analemba kuti: “Ndimamvera chisoni kwambiri mnyamata ameneyu, makamaka chifukwa chakuti ndi waluso kwambiri. Kuwoneka kochititsa chidwi, kuwala kwa masewera ake kumathandizidwa ndi zida zaukadaulo zapamwamba. Kunena zowona, palibe zovuta zaukadaulo kwa iye. Tsopano akukumana ndi ntchito ina - kuphunzira kudziletsa. Ngati apambana pantchito iyi (ndipo ndikuyembekeza kuti m'kupita kwanthawi atero), ndiye kuti chiyembekezo chake chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri kwa ine. Pankhani ya kukula kwa talente yake - nyimbo ndi piyano, ponena za mtundu wina wa kutentha kwabwino kwambiri, malinga ndi maganizo ake ku chida (mpaka pano makamaka phokoso la piyano), ali ndi chifukwa chopitirizira kuyimirira. mofanana ndi ochita masewera athu akuluakulu. Komabe, ayenera kuzindikira kuti mphoto yoyamba imene iye amapatsidwa ndi kusakhulupirika, kapena kungoona za m’tsogolo. (Oimba piano amakono. S. 123.).

Kamodzi pambuyo chigonjetso mpikisano pa siteji yaikulu, Gavrilov nthawi yomweyo anagwidwa ndi kayimbidwe kwambiri moyo philharmonic. Izi zimapereka zambiri kwa wosewera wachinyamata. Kudziwa malamulo a zochitika za akatswiri, zochitika za ntchito yoyendera maulendo, choyamba. The repertoire zosunthika, tsopano mwadongosolo kuwonjezeredwa ndi iye (zambiri pa izi zidzakambidwa pambuyo pake), kachiwiri. Pali, potsiriza, chachitatu: kutchuka kwakukulu komwe kumabwera kwa iye kunyumba ndi kunja; amachita bwino m'maiko ambiri, owunikira otchuka aku Western Europe amapereka mayankho achifundo kwa ma clavirabends ake m'manyuzipepala.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, siteji sikupereka kokha, komanso kumachotsa; Gavrilov, mofanana ndi anzake ena, posakhalitsa atsimikiza za choonadi ichi. “Posachedwapa, ndayamba kuona kuti maulendo aatali akunditopetsa. Zimachitika kuti muyenera kuchita mpaka makumi awiri, kapena makumi awiri ndi zisanu pamwezi (osawerengera zolemba) - izi ndizovuta kwambiri. Komanso, sindingathe kusewera nthawi zonse; nthawi zonse, monga akunena, ndimapereka zonse zomwe ndingathe popanda kufufuza ... Tsopano ndikuyesera kuchepetsa maulendo anga. Zoona, si zophweka. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Munjira zambiri, mwina chifukwa ine, ngakhale zili zonse, ndimakonda kwambiri makonsati. Kwa ine, ichi ndi chisangalalo chomwe sichingafanane ndi china chilichonse ... "

Kuyang'ana mmbuyo pa kulenga mbiri Gavrilov m'zaka zaposachedwapa, tisaiwale kuti analidi mwayi pa mbali imodzi. Osati ndi mendulo yampikisano - osalankhula za izo; pamipikisano ya oimba, tsoka nthawi zonse limakonda munthu, osati wina; izi ndizodziwika bwino komanso zachikhalidwe. Gavrilov anali mwayi mwa njira ina: tsoka linam'patsa msonkhano ndi Svyatoslav Teofilovich Richter. Osati mu mawonekedwe a tsiku limodzi kapena awiri mwachisawawa, osakhalitsa, monga ena. Izo zinachitika kuti Richter anaona woimba wamng'ono, anamubweretsa pafupi naye, mokhudzika kutengeka ndi talente Gavrilov, ndipo anatenga gawo la moyo.

Gavrilov mwiniwake amatcha kuyanjana kwa kulenga ndi Richter "gawo lofunika kwambiri" m'moyo wake. "Ndimaona Svyatoslav Teofilovich Mphunzitsi wanga wachitatu. Ngakhale, kunena mosamalitsa, sanandiphunzitse kalikonse - m'matanthauzidwe achikhalidwe a mawu awa. Nthawi zambiri izo zinachitika kuti anangokhala pansi pa limba ndi kuyamba kuimba: Ine, yakhala pafupi, ndinayang'ana ndi maso anga onse, kumvetsera, kusinkhasinkha, kuloweza - n'zovuta kulingalira sukulu yabwino kwa woimba. Ndipo zokambirana ndi Richter zimandipatsa bwanji za kujambula, filimu kapena nyimbo, za anthu ndi moyo ... Kodi mukulipiritsa ndi mafunde akupanga, kapena china chake. Ndipo pambuyo pake mukakhala pansi pachidacho, mumayamba kusewera ndi kudzoza kwapadera. "

Kuwonjezera pamwamba, tingakumbukire kuti pa Olympics-80 Muscovites ndi alendo a likulu anali ndi mwayi kuchitira umboni chochitika chachilendo kwambiri mchitidwe kuimba nyimbo. M'malo okongola osungiramo zinthu zakale "Arkhangelskoye", pafupi ndi Moscow, Richter ndi Gavrilov adazungulira ma concert anayi, pomwe zida 16 za harpsichord za Handel (zokonzekera piyano) zidachitika. Pamene Richter anakhala pansi pa piyano, Gavrilov adatembenuza zolembazo kwa iye: inali nthawi ya wojambula wachinyamatayo kuti azisewera - mbuye wolemekezeka "anamuthandiza". Ku funso - kodi lingaliro la kuzungulira linabwera bwanji? Richter anayankha kuti: “Sindinasewere Handel choncho ndinaganiza kuti zingakhale zosangalatsa kuphunzira. Ndipo Andrew ndiwothandizanso. Chifukwa chake tidapanga ma suites onse ” (Zemel I. Chitsanzo cha uphungu weniweni // Sov. nyimbo. 1981. No 1. P. 82.). Masewero a oimba piyano sanali kokha kumveka kwakukulu kwa anthu, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mosavuta pankhaniyi; anatsagana nawo ndi chipambano chapadera. "... Gavrilov," atolankhani anyimbo adanenanso, "adasewera moyenera komanso mokhutiritsa kotero kuti sanapereke chifukwa chilichonse chokayikira kutsimikizika kwa malingaliro onse azaka za m'ma XNUMX, komanso kuthekera kwa Commonwealth yatsopano" (Iwo.).

Ngati muyang'ana mapulogalamu ena a Gavrilov, ndiye lero mukhoza kuona olemba osiyanasiyana mwa iwo. Nthawi zambiri amatembenukira ku nyimbo zamakedzana, chikondi chomwe chinayikidwa mwa iye ndi TE Kestner. Chifukwa chake, madzulo a Gavrilov operekedwa ku ma concertos a Bach's clavier sanadziwike (woimba piyano adatsagana ndi gulu lachipinda loyendetsedwa ndi Yuri Nikolaevsky). Amasewera mofunitsitsa Mozart (Sonata mu A major), Beethoven (Sonata mu C-sharp yaying'ono, "Moonlight"). Zojambula zachikondi za wojambula zimawoneka zochititsa chidwi: Schumann (Carnival, Butterflies, Carnival of Vienna), Chopin (24 maphunziro), Liszt (Campanella) ndi zina zambiri. Ndiyenera kunena kuti m'dera lino, mwinamwake, ndizosavuta kuti adziwulule yekha, kunena za luso lake la "I": ubwino wodabwitsa, wonyezimira wowala wa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zachikondi wakhala pafupi ndi iye monga wosewera. Gavrilov adachitanso bwino kwambiri nyimbo zaku Russia, Soviet ndi Western Europe m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Tikhoza kutchula mu mgwirizano umenewu kutanthauzira kwake kwa Balakirev's Islamey, Kusiyana kwa F yaikulu ndi Tchaikovsky's Concerto mu B lathyathyathya zazing'ono, Scriabin's Eighth Sonata, Rachmaninoff's Third Concerto, Delusion, zidutswa za Romeo ndi Juliet cycle ndi Prokofiev's Eighth Sonata, Concerto kumanzere. dzanja ndi "Night Gaspard" ndi Ravel, zidutswa zinayi za Berg kwa clarinet ndi piyano (pamodzi ndi clarinetist A. Kamyshev), ntchito za mawu ndi Britten (ndi woimba A. Ablaberdiyeva). Gavrilov akunena kuti adakhazikitsa lamulo kuti awonjezere nyimbo zake chaka chilichonse ndi mapulogalamu anayi atsopano - payekha, symphonic, chamber-instrumental.

Ngati sapatuka pa mfundo iyi, m'kupita kwa nthawi chuma chake chopanga chidzakhala chochuluka kwambiri cha ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

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Cha m'ma makumi asanu ndi atatu Gavrilov anachita makamaka kunja kwa nthawi yaitali. Kenako akuwonekeranso pa siteji ya konsati ya Moscow, Leningrad ndi mizinda ina ya dziko. Okonda nyimbo amapeza mwayi wokumana naye ndikuyamikira zomwe zimatchedwa "mawonekedwe atsopano" - pambuyo pa nthawiyi - kusewera kwake. Masewero a woyimba piyano amakopa chidwi cha otsutsa ndipo amawunikidwa mwatsatanetsatane m'manyuzipepala. Ndemanga yomwe idawonekera panthawiyi pamasamba a Musical Life ndikuwonetsa - idatsata Clavirabend ya Gavrilov, pomwe ntchito za Schumann, Schubert ndi olemba ena adachita. "Zosiyana za concerto imodzi" - umu ndi momwe wolemba wake adatchulira ndemanga. N'zosavuta kumva mmenemo mmene Gavrilov akusewera, maganizo ake kwa iye ndi luso lake, amene ambiri masiku ano kwa akatswiri ndi oyenerera mbali ya omvera. Wowunika nthawi zambiri amawunika momwe woyimba piyano amagwirira ntchito. Komabe, akuti, "Maganizo a clavirabend adakhalabe osamvetsetseka." Pakuti, "pamodzi ndi mavumbulutso enieni a nyimbo omwe amatitengera ku malo opatulika a nyimbo, panali nthawi pano zomwe zinali" kunja ", zomwe zinalibe kuzama kwa luso." Kumbali imodzi, ndemangayo ikuwonetsa, "kutha kuganiza mozama," kumbali ina, kulongosola kosakwanira kwa nkhaniyo, chifukwa chake, "kutali ndi zobisika zonse ... monga nyimbo zimafunikira ... zina zofunika zidazimiririka, sizinadziwike " (Kolesnikov N. Kusiyanitsa kwa konsati imodzi // Moyo wanyimbo. 1987. No 19. P. 8.).

Zosangalatsa zomwezo komanso zotsutsana zidachokera ku kutanthauzira kwa Gavrilov kwa Tchaikovsky's B flat Minor concerto yotchuka (theka lachiwiri la XNUMXs). Mosakayikira zambiri apa zinapambana woimba piyano. Kukongola kwa machitidwe, phokoso lokongola la "Empire", "zofupikitsa" zofotokozedwa momveka bwino - zonsezi zinapangitsa chidwi chopambana. (Komanso ndi zotsatira zotani za octave zomwe zinali zododometsa m'gawo loyamba ndi lachitatu la mtengo wa konsati, zomwe zinachititsa kuti anthu ambiri atengeke kwambiri!) Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kusewera kwa Gavrilov, kunena zoona, kunalibe virtuoso bravado yosadziwika bwino, ndi " kudzionetsera”, ndi machimo ozindikirika mwanjira ina amalawa ndi muyeso.

Ndimakumbukira konsati ya Gavrilov, yomwe inachitikira mu Great Hall of the Conservatory mu 1968 (Chopin, Rachmaninov, Bach, Scarlatti). Ndikukumbukiranso, momwe woyimba piyano adayimba limodzi ndi London Orchestra yoyendetsedwa ndi V. Ashkenazy (1989, Rachmaninov's Second Concerto). Ndipo kachiwiri chirichonse chiri chimodzimodzi. Nthawi zopanga nyimbo zomveka bwino zimaphatikizidwa ndi mawu omveka bwino, nyimbo, kulimba mtima koopsa komanso kwaphokoso. Chinthu chachikulu ndi lingaliro laukadaulo lomwe siligwirizana ndi zala zomwe zikuyenda mwachangu ...

… Gavrilov woyimba nyimbo ali ndi anthu ambiri amasilira. Iwo ndi osavuta kumva. Ndani angatsutse, nyimbo pano ndizosowa kwenikweni: chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri; Kutha kuyankha mwachidwi, mwaunyamata mwachangu komanso mwachindunji ku nyimbo zokongola, zosagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yamasewera amphamvu. Ndipo, ndithudi, luso lochititsa chidwi. Gavrilov, monga anthu amamuwona, amadzidalira kwambiri - ichi ndi chowonjezera chachikulu. Ali ndi mawonekedwe otseguka, ochezeka, talente "yotseguka" ndi kuphatikiza kwina. Pomaliza, ndikofunikiranso kuti azikhala womasuka mkati mwa siteji, adzigwira momasuka komanso mosadziletsa (nthawi zina, mwina momasuka komanso mosasamala ...). Kukondedwa ndi omvera - omvera ambiri - izi ndizokwanira.

Nthawi yomweyo, ndikufuna kukhulupirira kuti luso la wojambulayo lidzawala ndi mawonekedwe atsopano pakapita nthawi. Kuti kuzama kwakukulu kwamkati, kuzama, kulemera kwamaganizo kwa kutanthauzira kudzabwera kwa iye. Ukatswiri woterewu udzakhala wokongola komanso woyengedwa bwino, chikhalidwe cha akatswiri chidzawoneka bwino, chikhalidwe cha siteji chidzakhala chapamwamba komanso chokhwima. Ndipo kuti, pokhalabe yekha, Gavrilov, monga wojambula, sadzakhala wosasinthika - mawa adzakhala mu chinachake chosiyana ndi lero.

Pakuti ichi ndi katundu wa talente iliyonse yaikulu, yofunikira kwambiri - kuchoka ku "lero" lake, kuchokera ku zomwe zapezeka kale, zomwe zapezedwa, zoyesedwa - kupita ku zosadziwika ndi zosazindikirika ...

G. Tsypin, 1990